Electromagnetically-countered display systems and methods

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to an electromagnetically-countered display system including at least one wave source and at least one counter unit, where such a wave source irradiates harmful electromagnetic waves and the counter unit emits counter electromagnetic waves for countering the harmful waves therewith. More particularly, the present invention relates to various counter units for the electromagnetically-countered display system and to various mechanisms to counter the harmful waves with the counter units, e.g., by matching configurations of the counter units with those of the wave sources, by matching wavefronts of the harmful waves with those the counter waves, and so on. The present invention also relates to various methods of countering the harmful waves with such counter waves by source and/or wave matchings, various methods of providing the counter units for emitting the counter waves defining desired wave characteristics, and the like. The present invention further relates to various processes for providing the electromagnetically-countered display systems and their counter units. The present invention further relates to various electric and magnetic shields employed either alone or in conjunction with the counter units for minimizing irradiation of the harmful waves from the shaving system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/094,654, filed on Dec. 2, 2013, entitled“Electromagnetically-Countered Display Systems And Methods”, which is acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/242,059, filed onSep. 23, 2011, issued to U.S. Pat. No. 8,625,306 entitled“Electromagnetically-countered display systems and methods”, which is acontinuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/985,031, filed on Jan. 5, 2011, issued to U.S. Pat. No. 8,588,437entitled “Genetic electromagnetically-countering processes”, which is acontinuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/985,026, filed on Jan. 5, 2011, issued to U.S. Pat. No. 8,588,436entitled “Generic electromagnetically-countered methods”, which is acontinuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/985,042, filed on Jan. 5, 2011 entitled“Electromagnetically-countered systems and methods by maxwellequations”, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/961,111, filed on Dec. 6, 2010, issued to U.S.Pat. No. 8,369,105 entitled “Generic electromagnetically-counteredsystems”, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/318,546, filed on Dec. 31, 2008, issued to U.S.Pat. No. 8,035,990 entitled “Electromagnetically-countered displaysystems and methods”, which is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/510,667, filed Aug. 28, 2006, issued to U.S.Pat. No. 7,876,917 entitled “Generic electromagnetically-counteredsystems and methods”, which is continuation-in-part application of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/510,667, filed on Aug. 28, 2006, issuedto U.S. Pat. No. 7,876,917 entitled “Genericelectromagnetically-countered systems and methods”. All disclosures ofthe document(s) named above are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an electromagnetically-countereddisplay system including at least one wave source and at least onecounter unit, where such a wave source irradiates harmfulelectromagnetic waves and the counter unit emits counter electromagneticwaves for countering the harmful waves therewith. More particularly, thepresent invention relates to various counter units for theelectromagnetically-countered display system and to various mechanismsto counter the harmful waves with the counter units, e.g., by matchingconfigurations of the counter units with those of the wave sources, bymatching wavefronts of the harmful waves with those the counter waves,and so on. The present invention also relates to various methods ofcountering the harmful waves with such counter waves by source and/orwave matchings, various methods of providing the counter units foremitting the counter waves defining desired wave characteristics, andthe like. The present invention further relates to various processes forproviding the electromagnetically-countered display systems and theircounter units. The present invention further relates to various electricand magnetic shields employed either alone or in conjunction with thecounter units for minimizing irradiation of the harmful waves from thedisplay system.

2. Description of the Related Art

It is now well established in the scientific community thatelectromagnetic waves with varying frequencies irradiated by variousdevices may be hazardous to human health. In some cases, suchelectromagnetic waves in mega- and giga-hertz range may be the mainculprit, whereas the 60-hertz electromagnetic waves may be the mainhealth concern in other cases. It cannot be too emphasized that it isvery difficult to shield against magnetic waves of the 60-hertzelectromagnetic waves which have wavelengths amounting to thousands ofkilometers and that such 60-hertz magnetic waves are omnipresent in anycorner of the current civilization.

However, intensity of such electromagnetic waves typically decreasesinversely proportional to a square of a distance from a source of suchwaves to a target. Accordingly, potentially adverse effects from suchelectromagnetic waves may be minimized by maintaining a safe distancefrom such a source. Some electrical devices, however, are intended to beused in a close proximity to an user, where examples of the conventionalelectrical devices include various display devices from which an userare to acquire visual images. In general, the user may be able to moreeasily obtain such images from the display devices with larger screensat a greater distances than those with smaller screens, while misleadingthe user that the greater distance from the screens may protect him orher from such waves. Those devices with larger screens irradiate morestronger harmful electromagnetic waves than those with the smallerscreens and, accordingly, the greater distance attainable with suchlarger screens are offset by the greater amplitudes of such harmfulwaves.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for various counter units capable ofbeing incorporated into various prior art display devices in order toconvert such devices to an electromagnetically-countered display systemsand to minimize irradiation of such harmful electromagnetic wavestherefrom. There is a need to provide a feasible solution for counteringthe harmful waves irradiated by various waves sources of the displaydevices of different shapes, sizes, and/or light-emitting mechanisms.There is a need to provide a feasible solution for countering suchharmful waves which are irradiated by such wave sources as well whiledefining wavefronts of various characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an electromagnetically-countereddisplay system with at least one wave source irradiating harmfulelectromagnetic waves and at least one counter unit for emitting counterelectromagnetic waves and for countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves, e.g., by canceling at least a portion of the harmfulwaves with the counter waves in a target space and/or by suppressing theharmful waves with such counter waves from propagating toward the targetspace. More particularly, the present invention relates to counter unitsfor the electromagnetically-countered display systems and to variousmechanisms for countering the harmful waves irradiated by various baseunits of the wave source with the counter units. Accordingly, thecounter unit may be shaped, sized, and/or arranged for matching itsconfiguration with that of at least one of the base units of the wavesource, thereby emitting such counter waves which automatically matchwave characteristics of the harmful waves. In the alternative, thecounter unit may be shaped, sized, and/or disposed in an arrangementwhich is defined along one or more wavefronts of such harmful waves,thereby emitting the counter waves automatically matching wavecharacteristics of such harmful waves. The present invention alsorelates to various counter units provided as analogs of at least one ofthe base units of the wave source, where the analog approximates (orsimplifies) at least one of the base units which is more complex thanthe counter unit, where the three- or two-dimensional base unit issimplified (or approximated) as the two- or one-dimensional analog, andthe like. The present invention also relates to multiple counter unitssimpler than at least one of such base units but disposed in anarrangement approximating such a shape and/or arrangement of the baseunit. The present invention also relates to the counter unit which maybe shaped and/or sized according to the configuration of at least one ofthe base units and disposition thereof. In addition, the presentinvention relates to various countering modes where a single counterunit may counter a single base unit or all (or at least two but not all)of multiple base units, where multiple counter units may counter asingle base unit, a greater number of the base units or a less number ofmultiple units, and the like. The present invention further relates tovarious electric and/or magnetic shields which may be used either aloneor in conjunction with at least one of the counter units to minimizeirradiation of the harmful waves by at least one of the base units.

The present invention relates to various methods of countering suchharmful waves irradiated by various base units of multiple wave sourcesof the EMC display system by the counter waves by the source or wavematchings. More particularly, the present invention relates to variousmethods of forming the counter unit as an analog of at least one of thebase units and emitting the counter waves matching such harmful waves,various methods of approximating at least one of the base units by thesimpler counter unit for the countering, and various methods ofapproximating at least one of the base units by multiple simpler counterunits. The present invention relates to various methods of disposing thecounter unit along the wavefronts of the harmful waves and emitting thecounter waves matching the wavefronts of the harmful waves, and variousmethods of disposing multiple counter units along the wavefronts of theharmful waves and emitting the counter waves with the counter unitsmatching the wavefronts. The present invention also relates to variousmethods of adjusting the wavefronts of the counter waves by disposingthe counter unit closer to and/or farther away from the target spacewith respect to at least one of the base units, various methods ofcontrolling radii of curvature of such wavefronts of the counter wavesby incorporating one or multiple counter units emitting such waves withthe same or opposite phase angles, and various methods of manipulatingsuch wavefronts of the counter waves by disposing one or multiplecounter units of the shape similar to or different from that of at leastone of the base units. The present invention also relates to variousmethods of countering the harmful waves irradiated from a single ormultiple base units with the counter waves emitted by a single ormultiple counter units. Accordingly, the present invention also relatesto various methods of emitting the counter waves by a single counterunit to counter the harmful waves irradiated by one or more base unitsand various methods of emitting the counter waves emitted from two ormore counter units for countering such harmful waves irradiated from asingle or multiple base units. In addition, the present invention alsorelates to various methods of minimizing irradiation of such harmfulwaves by incorporating the electric shields, by incorporating themagnetic shields, by incorporating one or both of such shields inconjunction with the above counter units, and the like.

The present invention further relates to various processes for providingvarious counter units for such EMC display systems and various EMCsystems incorporating therein one or multiple counter units. Moreparticularly, the present invention relates to various processes forproviding such counter units capable of emitting the counter wavesdefining such wavefronts similar to (or different from) the shapes ofthe counter units, various processes for forming the counter units asthe above analogs of at least one of such base units, various processesfor providing the counter units emitting the counter waves having thesimilar or opposite phase angles, various processes for providing thecounter units defining the wavefronts shaped similar to such harmfulwaves, and various processes for disposing the counter units in a presetarrangement and emitting thereby the counter waves of the wavefrontssimilar to such an arrangement. The present invention also relates tovarious processes for assigning a single counter unit in order tocounter the harmful waves irradiated by a single base unit for the localcountering or to counter the harmful waves irradiated by multiple baseunits for the global countering, various processes for assigningmultiple counter units to counter the harmful waves irradiated from asingle base unit for the global countering, and to counter the harmfulwaves irradiated by multiple base units for the local and/or globalcountering depending on numbers of the counter and base units. Thepresent invention also relates to various processes for including suchelectric and/or magnetic shields for minimizing the irradiation of theharmful waves and various processes for minimizing the irradiation ofsuch harmful waves by employing such shields and/or the above counterunits.

Accordingly, a primary objective of the present invention is to providean electromagnetically-countered display system (to be abbreviated as an“EMC display system,” as an “EMC system,” or simply as a “system”hereinafter) which is capable of minimizing irradiation of the harmfulwaves from at least one base unit of at least one wave source bycountering the harmful waves with the counter waves. Therefore, arelated objective of this invention is to provide an EMC display systemcapable of countering the harmful waves by canceling at least a portionof the harmful waves by the counter waves and/or by suppressing theharmful waves by the counter waves from propagating toward a presetdirection. Another related objective of this invention is to counter theharmful waves by such counter waves not all around at least one baseunit of the EMC system but only in the target space (or area) defined ononly one side of the system. In general, such a target space is definedbetween at least one of the base units and an user of the system (or aspecific body part of the user). Another related objective of thisinvention is to arrange the counter waves to define the phase angles atleast partially opposite to those of the harmful waves so that suchcounter waves cancel and/or suppress the harmful waves when propagatedto the target space. Another related objective of this invention is toarrange such counter waves to define the phase angles at least partiallysimilar to those of such harmful waves so that the counter waves counterthe harmful waves when propagated to the target space from an oppositeside of such a base unit. Another related objective of this invention isto emit the counter waves from the same or opposite side of at least oneof such base units with respect to the target space while manipulatingtheir phase angles so that the counter waves emitted by differentcounter units counter the harmful waves in the target space.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide the EMC displaysystem with at least one counter unit for emitting the counter waves.Therefore, a related objective of this invention is to match at leastone feature or configuration (e.g., each meaning a shape, a size, anarrangement, and the like) of the counter unit with the feature orconfiguration of at least one of the base units such that the counterwaves emitted by the counter unit match the harmful waves irradiatedfrom the base unit. Another related objective of this invention is tomatch the shape of a single counter unit with that of a single base unitso that the counter waves emitted by the counter unit may match theharmful waves irradiated by at least one of the base units. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to match the shape of a singlecounter unit with an arrangement of multiple base units such that thecounter waves emitted by the counter unit match a sum of the harmfulwaves irradiated by such base units. Another related objective of thisinvention is to dispose multiple counter units in an arrangementmatching the shape of a single base unit so that a sum of the counterwaves emitted by the counter units match the harmful waves irradiated byat least one of the base units. Another related objective of thisinvention is to arrange multiple counter units in an arrangementmatching an arrangement of multiple base units such that a sum of thecounter waves emitted by multiple counter units matches a sum of theharmful waves irradiated by multiple base units. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to provide such counter units while usingthe least amount of electrically conductive, semiconductive, and/orinsulative materials, while minimizing a total volume or a size of thecounter units, minimizing a total mass of such counter units, and thelike. Another related objective of this invention is to emit the counterwaves by the counter units while using the least electrical energy,drawing the least amount of electric current and/or voltage from atleast one of the base units or other parts of the EMC system, and thelike.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit matching the shape of atleast one of the base units. Therefore, a related objective of thisinvention is to form the counter unit as an one-, two- orthree-dimensional analog of the three-dimensional base unit and tocounter a single or multiple base units with the single or multipleanalogs. Another related objective of this invention is to provide thecounter unit as an one- or two-dimensional analog of thethree-dimensional base unit and to counter a single or multiple baseunits with the single or multiple analogs. Another related objective ofthis invention is to form the counter unit as an one- or two-dimensionalanalog of the two-dimensional base unit and to counter a single ormultiple base units with a single or multiple analogs. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to fabricate the counter unit as anone-dimensional analog of the two-dimensional base unit and to counter asingle or multiple base units with a single or multiple analogs. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to define the counter unit as anone-dimensional analog of an one-dimensional base unit and to counter asingle or multiple base units using a single or multiple analogs.Another related objective of this invention is to provide such counterunits as one-, two-, and/or three-dimensional analogs of an one-, two-,and/or three-dimensional base units and to counter at least one of thebase units of the mixed dimension with the counter units of the mixeddimension. In these objectives, all of the counter units emit thecounter waves capable of matching the harmful waves irradiated by atleast one of the base units. Another related objective of this inventionis to form the counter unit conforming to the shape of at least one ofthe base units for matching such harmful waves with the counter wavesemitted therefrom. Another related objective of this invention is toprovide the counter unit not conforming to the shape of at least one ofthe base units but disposed in an arrangement for matching the harmfulwaves by the counter waves emitted therefrom. Another related objectiveof this invention is to provide the counter unit in a shape of one ormultiple wires, strips, sheets, tubes, coils thereof, spirals, meshesthereof, mixtures thereof, combinations thereof, and/or arrays thereofin order to match the shape of at least one of the base units and toemit the counter waves matching such harmful waves. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to dispose any of the counter units in apreset distance from at least one of the base units in order to match atleast some wavefronts of the harmful waves with at least some wavefrontsof the counter waves. Another related objective of this invention is toincorporate any of the counter units in a preset arrangement withrespect to any of the base units to match at least some wavefronts ofthe counter waves with at least some wavefronts of the harmful waves.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit of a size operativelymatching a size of at least one of the base units and emitting thecounter waves capable of matching the harmful waves irradiated from atleast one of the base units. Therefore, a related objective of thisinvention is to provide the counter unit to be larger, wider, and/orlonger than at least one of the base units and disposed between thetarget space and at least one of the base units, where such anarrangement will be referred to as the “front arrangement” hereinafter.Another related objective of this invention is to form the counter unitdefining a length, a width, and/or a height similar (or identical) tothose of at least one of the base units and disposed laterally or sideby side to such a base unit with respect to the target space for thematching, where this arrangement is to be referred to as the “lateralarrangement” hereinafter. Another related objective of this invention isto form the counter unit which is smaller, narrower, and/or shorter thanat least one of the base units and preferably disposed on an oppositeside of the target space with respect to such a base unit for thematching, where such an arrangement is to be referred to as the “reararrangement” hereinafter. Another related objective of this invention isto enclose at least a portion of the counter unit by at least one of thebase units or, in the alternative, to enclose at least a portion of thebase unit by the counter unit for such matching, where this arrangementis to be referred to as the “concentric arrangement” hereinafter.Another related objective of this invention is to dispose multiplecounter units in the front, lateral, rear or concentric arrangement withrespect to a single base unit for such matching. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to provide a single or multiple counterunits disposed in the front, lateral, rear or concentric arrangementwith respect to multiple base units for such matching. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to provide multiple counter units all ofwhich are to be disposed in only one of such front, lateral, rear, andconcentric arrangements with respect to all of multiple base units or atleast two of which are to be disposed in different (or mixed)arrangements with respect to at least two of multiple base units for thematching.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide an EMC displaysystem incorporating at least one counter unit into a disposition (e.g.,an orientation, alignment, and/or distance) matching that of at leastone of the base units. Therefore, a related objective of this inventionis to orient or align the counter unit along a propagation direction ofthe harmful waves, along a direction in which the electric current flowsin at least one of the base units, along a direction in which theelectric voltage is applied thereacross, along a direction of the longand/or short axes of such counter and/or base units for the matching,and the like. Another related objective of this invention is to formmultiple counter units all of which are oriented or aligned along thesame direction and/or axis, at least two of which are oriented oraligned along different directions and/or axes, all of which areoriented in different directions and/or axes for the above matching, andthe like. Another related objective of this invention is to axiallyalign the counter unit with respect to at least one of the base unitssuch that the counter waves emitted by the counter unit axially alignwith the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of the base units forthe matching, where such an arrangement will be referred to as an “axialalignment” hereinafter. Another related objective of this invention isto axially misalign such a counter unit with (or from) at least one ofthe base units and to dispose the counter unit in a preset arrangementfor such matching, where such an arrangement is to be referred to as an“off-axis alignment” hereinafter. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide multiple counter units each (or at least two) ofwhich may be disposed in the axial or off-axis alignment relative to asingle base unit for the matching. Another related objective of thisinvention is to form a single or multiple counter units disposed in theaxial or off-axis alignment with respect to multiple base units for suchmatching. Another related objective of this invention is to formmultiple counter units all of which are disposed in the axial oroff-axis alignment with respect to all of multiple base units or, in thealternative, at least two of which are disposed in different or mixedalignments relative to at least two of multiple base units for suchmatching. Another related objective of this invention is to dispose thecounter unit in a preset distance from at least one of the base unitssuch that at least some wavefronts of the counter waves emitted by thecounter unit match at least some wavefronts of the harmful wavesirradiated by at least one of the base units for the matching. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to dispose a single counter unitin preset distances from each (or at least two) of multiple base unitsfor such matching. Yet another related objective of this invention is toalso dispose multiple counter units in preset distances from a singlebase unit or, in the alternative, at preset distances from each (or atleast two) of multiple base units for the matching.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit for emitting the counterwaves of amplitudes matching those of such harmful waves. Therefore, arelated objective of this invention is to form the counter unit emittingsuch counter waves of amplitudes greater than those of the harmfulwaves, where such a counter unit is disposed farther away from thetarget space with respect to at least one of such base units or in therear arrangement for such matching. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide the counter unit emitting the counter waves ofamplitudes similar or identical to those of the harmful waves, wheresuch a counter unit is disposed side by side with at least one of thebase units with respect to the target space or in the lateralarrangement for such matching. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide the counter unit emitting such counter waves ofamplitudes less than those of the harmful waves, where such a counterunit is disposed closer to the target space than at least one of thebase units or in the front arrangement for such matching. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to provide multiple counter unitseach emitting the counter waves a sum of which has amplitudes which isgreater than, similar to or less than those of a single base unit, whichis greater than, similar to or less than those of all of multiple baseunits, which is greater than, similar to or less than those of at leasttwo but not all of multiple counter units, and the like.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit which emits the counter wavescapable of matching at least a portion of the harmful waves and,therefore, countering the harmful waves. Therefore, a related objectiveof this invention is to provide the counter unit for emitting suchcounter waves defining multiple wavefronts matching at least one of thewavefronts of the harmful waves in the target space. Another relatedobjective of this invention is to dispose the counter unit along atleast a portion of at least one of such wavefronts of the harmful wavesto emit the counter waves capable of matching such a portion of thewavefront of such harmful waves. Another related objective of thisinvention is to dispose multiple counter units along at least a portionof at least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and to emit thecounter waves a sum of which matches the portion of the wavefront of theharmful waves. Another related objective of this invention is to disposesuch a counter unit across at least two different wavefronts of theharmful waves but to emit the counter waves capable of matching at leasta portion of at least one another of the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves. Another related objective of this invention is to form multiplecounter units at least two of which are disposed across at least two ofthe wavefronts of the harmful waves but which also emit the counterwaves capable of matching such a portion of the wavefront of the harmfulwaves. Another related objective of this invention is to shape and sizethe counter unit and to emit the counter waves defining radii ofcurvature matching those of at least a portion of the harmful waves.Another related objective of this invention is to dispose the counterunit in a preset position and/or in a preset distance from at least oneof the base units in which the counter waves have the radii of curvaturematching those of at least a portion of the harmful waves. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to shape and size multiplecounter units for emitting such counter waves a sum of which has theradii of curvature matching the harmful waves irradiated from a singleor multiple base units. Another related objective of this invention isto form the counter unit in a shape of one or multiple wires, strips,sheets, tubes, coils thereof, spirals thereof, meshes thereof, mixturesthereof, combinations thereof, and/or arrays thereof, and then to emitsuch counter waves capable of matching at least a portion of at leastone wavefront of such harmful waves irradiated by at least one of suchbase units. Another related objective of this invention is to providethe counter unit in a solid shape without forming any openings or holesthereacross for the matching. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide the counter units as at least one array definingmultiple holes or openings thereacross for such matching.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit for emitting the counterwaves and locally countering such harmful waves irradiated by at leastone of the base units. Therefore, a related objective of this inventionis to provide a single counter unit for locally countering such harmfulwaves irradiated by single base unit with the counter waves. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to provide multiple counter unitseach of which locally counters the harmful waves irradiated by only oneof the same (or less) number of base units with the counter wavesemitted from each of multiple counter units. Another related objectiveof this invention is to provide a single or multiple counter unitsdefining a feature (or configuration) similar (or identical) to that ofa single or multiple base units for the local countering. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to provide a single or multiplecounter units for emitting the counter waves defining the wavefrontsmatching at least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves irradiatedby a single base unit or multiple base units for the local countering.Another related objective of this invention is to form multiple counterunits at least one of which defines a feature (or configuration) similar(or identical) to that of at least one of the base units, while at leastanother of which defines the wavefronts matching at least one of thewavefronts of the harmful waves irradiated from at least one of the baseunits for the local countering.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit emitting the counter wavesand globally countering the harmful waves irradiated by at least one ofthe base units. Therefore, a related objective of this invention is toform one or multiple counter units each emitting the counter waves forglobally matching such harmful waves irradiated by only one or a lessnumber of base units. Another related objective of this invention is toform a single counter unit for globally countering a sum of such harmfulwaves irradiated by multiple base units with such counter waves. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to form multiple counter unitseach globally countering the harmful waves irradiated by at least twobase units with such counter waves emitted by each of multiple counterunits. Another related objective of this invention is to form a singleor multiple counter units defining a feature (or configuration) which issimilar (or identical) to that of at least two or a greater number ofbase units for the global countering. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide a single or multiple counter units emitting thecounter waves of the wavefronts matching at least one of the wavefrontsof the harmful waves irradiated by at least two or a greater number ofbase units for the global countering. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide multiple counter units at least one of whichdefines the feature (or configuration) similar (or identical) to thoseof at least two base units and at least another of which defines thewavefronts matching at least one wavefront of the harmful wavesirradiated by at least two of other base units for such localcountering.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit disposed in a preset position(or location) defined relative to at least one of the base units and/ortarget space. Therefore, a related objective of this invention is todispose the counter unit on or over an exterior surface of at least oneof such base units, to dispose the counter unit below or on an interiorsurface of at least one of such base units, to embed at least a portionof the counter unit into at least one of the base units, and the like.Another related objective of this invention is to dispose the counterunit on or over an exterior surface of a body of the system, to disposethe counter unit on or below an interior surface of the body, to embedat least a portion of the counter unit into the body, to dispose thecounter unit between the body and at least one of the base units, andthe like. Another related objective of this invention is to dispose thecounter unit in a preset relation to the body by, e.g., exposingtherethrough at least a portion of the counter unit, enclosing only a(or an entire) portion of the counter unit inside the body, and thelike.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem including at least one counter unit emitting the counter wavespropagating along preset directions. Therefore, a related objective ofthis invention is to arrange the counter unit to emit such counter wavesalways in a fixed direction with respect to at least one of the baseunits so that the counter waves also propagate in a direction defined ina preset relation with respect to a direction of propagation of theharmful waves, e.g., parallel, perpendicular, and/or at a preset angleto the harmful waves. Another related objective of this invention is toarrange the counter unit to emit the counter waves along variabledirections with respect to a direction of propagation of the harmfulwaves, where the counter unit is arranged to vary its arrangement and/ororientation, to receive such electric current and/or voltage in variabledirections for varying the direction of the counter waves, and the like.Another related objective of this invention is to arrange the counterunit to emit the counter waves in a direction which is adaptivelydetermined by variable directions of propagation of such harmful waves,where the counter unit may change the direction of the counter waves asdescribed hereinabove. Therefore, the counter unit may change an extentof countering based upon its arrangement and/or orientation. Anotherrelated objective of this invention is to synchronize the direction ofpropagation of the counter waves with that of the harmful waves based onthe preset relation disclosed hereinabove. Another related objective ofthis invention is to arrange the counter unit to control the amplitudesof such counter waves in various mechanisms similar to those formanipulating the directions thereof.

Another objective of the present invention is to form an EMC displaysystem with at least one counter unit and to supply the electric energythereto to counter such harmful waves with the counter waves emittedtherefrom. Therefore, a related objective of this invention is toprovide the counter unit with the electric current and/or voltagesupplied to at least one of such base units. Another related objectiveof this invention is to provide the counter unit with at least a portionbut not an entire portion of the electric current or voltage supplied toat least one of such base units. Another related objective of thisinvention is to provide the counter unit with only a portion of thecurrent or voltage of which the amplitudes and/or direction may also bemodified before being supplied thereto. In all of the examples, thecurrent or voltage supplied to the counter unit may be automaticallysynchronized with the current or voltage supplied to at least one ofsuch base units. Another related objective of this invention is tosupply the counter unit with electric current or voltage which is notthe current or voltage supplied to at least one of such base units butwhich is at least partially synchronized with the current or voltagesupplied to such a base unit. Another related objective of thisinvention is to manipulate the amplitudes and/or directions of thecurrent or voltage based on configurations and/or dispositions of thecounter unit. Another related objective of this invention is toelectrically couple the counter unit to at least one of the base unitsin a parallel, series or hybrid mode. Another related objective of thisinvention is to supply the electric current and/or voltage in varioussequences such as, e.g., first to at least one of the base units andthen to the counter unit, first to the counter unit then to at least onethe base units, first to one of multiple counter units and then to therest of the counter units or base unit, first to one of multiple baseunits and then to the rest of the base units or counter unit,simultaneously to the base and counter units, and the like.

It is to be understood in all of such objectives that the counter unitsare preferably arranged to not adversely affect other intendedoperations of the systems. For example, the counter units of the EMCdisplay systems may effectively counter the harmful waves which areirradiated by their wave irradiating base units but may not adverselyaffect their image generating functions. It is appreciated in all of theobjectives that the counter units may be arranged to emit the counterwaves defining the phase angles at least partially opposite to those ofthe harmful waves for the countering in its normal dispositions but thatthe counter units may emit the counter waves defining the phase anglesat least partially similar to those of such harmful waves when disposedon an opposite side of at least one of the base unit with respect to thetarget space or when the system includes multiple counter units and whenit is desirable to modify the radii of curvature of the wavefronts ofthe counter waves. It is also appreciated that various electric and/ormagnetic shields disclosed in the co-pending Applications may beincorporated into any of such EMC display systems either alone or incombination with the counter units to maximally counter the harmfulwaves.

The basic principle of the counter units of the EMC display systems ofthe present invention is to emit the counter waves defining thewavefronts similar (or identical) to those of the harmful waves butdefining the phase angles at least partially opposite to those of theharmful waves. Therefore, by propagating the counter waves toward thetarget space, the counter waves may effectively counter the harmfulwaves in the target space by, e.g., canceling at least a portion of theharmful waves with the counter waves therein, suppressing the harmfulwaves with the counter waves from propagating theretoward, and the like.To this end, such counter units preferably emit the counter wavesdefining the wavefronts matching those of the harmful waves by variousmechanisms. In one example, such counter units are shaped similar (oridentical) to at least one of the base units of the waves sources, orarranged similar (or identical) to the base unit and, accordingly, emitthe counter waves capable of countering the harmful waves in the targetspace. In another example, the counter units are disposed along oracross a single or multiple wavefronts of the harmful waves, emit thecounter waves similar (or identical) to the harmful waves and,therefore, counter the harmful waves in the target space. In theseexamples, the counter units emit the counter waves forming thewavefronts similar (or identical) to the shapes of the counter unitsthemselves, and those counter waves define the phase angles at leastpartially opposite to the phase angles of the harmful waves. In anotherexample, such counter units are shaped differently from at least one ofthe base units, but rather disposed in an arrangement in which thecounter waves emitted thereby match the harmful waves in the targetspace. In another example, the counter units are disposed acrossdifferent wavefronts of such harmful waves but emit the counter wavessimilar (or identical) to the harmful waves, thereby, countering theharmful waves in the target space. In these last two examples, thecounter units may be arranged to emit the counter waves defining suchwavefronts which may or may not be similar (or identical) to the shapesof the counter units themselves, while the counter waves have the phaseangles which are at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves.

The basic principle of various generic counter units of the EMC displaysystem of the present invention may be implemented to variousconventional devices for minimizing irradiation of the harmful wavestherefrom. For example, the counter units may be implemented to any baseunits of electrically conductive wires, coils, and/or sheets of the EMCdisplay system or, alternatively, to any electrically semiconductiveand/or insulative wires, coils, and/or sheets of the EMC display systemfor minimizing the irradiation of the harmful waves by countering theharmful waves by the counter waves, e.g., by canceling at least aportion of the harmful waves in the target space and/or suppressing suchharmful waves from propagating to the target space, where the counterunits may be made of and/or include at least one electricallyconductive, insulative or semiconductive material. Such counter unitsmay be implemented to any of the base units of the shapes which may beformed by including one or multiple wires, coils, and/or sheets, bymodifying such shapes of one or multiple wires, coils, and/or sheets,where a few examples of the modified shapes may include a solenoid andtoroid each of which may be formed by modifying the shape of the coil.Therefore, such counter units may be implemented into various displayunits of the EMC systems such as cathode ray tube display units, liquidcrystal display units, organic and/or inorganic light emitting displayunits, plasma display units, and other display units which includemultiple pixels and is also capable of emitting visible light rays whensupplied with the source electrical energy.

It is appreciated that various counter units of such EMC display systemsof this invention may be implemented to any display devices eachincluding at least one of the base units and, accordingly, may irradiatesuch harmful waves including electric waves (to be abbreviated as “EWs”hereinafter) and magnetic waves (to be abbreviated as “MWs” hereinafter)of frequencies ranging about 50 to 60 Hz and/or other EWs and MWs ofhigher frequencies. It is appreciated that the EMC display systems ofthis invention may also be incorporated to any display devices and/orunits of portable or stationary electric and/or electronic devices whichinclude at least one base unit examples of which have been providedheretofore. It is further appreciated that the counter units may beprovided in a micron-scale and included in semiconductor chips andcircuits such as LSI and VLSI devices for such EMC display systems, thatthe counter units for the EMC display systems may also be formed in anano-scale and incorporated to various nano devices including at leastone base unit which may be a single molecule or a compound, or may be acluster of multiple molecules or compounds, and so on.

Various system, method, and/or process aspects of such EMC displaysystems and various embodiments thereof are now enumerated. It isappreciated, however, that following system, method, and/or processaspects of the present invention may be embodied in many other differentforms and, accordingly, should not be limited to such aspects and/ortheir embodiments which are to be set forth herein. Rather, variousexemplary aspects and their embodiments described hereinafter areprovided such that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, andfully convey the scope of this invention to one of ordinary skill in therelevant art.

In one aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude at least one wave source including multiple base units and maybe capable of countering harmful electromagnetic waves irradiated by atleast one of the base units by canceling such harmful waves in a targetspace and/or suppressing the harmful waves from propagating toward thetarget space, where the base units are arranged to include only portionsof such wave source responsible for irradiating the harmful waves and/oraffecting paths of propagation of the harmful waves therethrough, wherethe target space is formed between such at least one of base units andan user of the system, and where the system is arranged to include atleast one display screen and to display a visual image thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple pixels, at least one first electrode, at leastone second electrode, at least one controller, and at least one counterunit. Such pixels form the display screen, and each pixel is arranged togenerate each portion of the image when supplied with source electricalenergy so that such pixels are arranged to generate the image incooperation, where these pixels are to be referred to as the “standardpixels” hereinafter. The first electrode includes a first plurality offirst conductive paths which are provided in a first direction and in afirst arrangement in which each pixel is arranged to be electricallycoupled to only one of the first paths. Such a first electrode is to bereferred to as the “standard first electrode” hereinafter. The secondelectrode includes a second plurality of second conductive paths whichare provided in a second direction and in a second arrangement in whicheach of the pixels is arranged to electrically couple with only one ofthe second paths, where this second electrode is to be referred to asthe “standard second electrode” hereinafter. The controller is arrangedto perform a selection of at least one of the first paths and at leastone of the second paths, to supply the source energy only to (orthrough, across) at least one of the pixels electrically coupling withboth of such selected first and second paths for generating only aportion of the image, and to repeat the selection for the rest of thepixels until completing the image, where this controller is to bereferred to as the “standard controller” hereinafter. In one example,such a counter unit is arranged to define a configuration at leastpartially similar to that of at least one of the base units and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arrangedto have a configuration at least partially similar to that of at leastone of the first paths and that of at least one of the second paths andto also emit counter electromagnetic waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction. In both of these examples, thecounter waves are arranged to have wave characteristics which are atleast partially similar to those of the harmful waves irradiated by atleast one of the base units due to such a configuration, to have phaseangles which are at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves irradiated by such at least one of the base units due to thepreset direction and, therefore, to counter the harmful waves irradiatedfrom such at least one of such base units in the target space, wherethese counter waves are to be referred to as the “first counter waves”hereinafter.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, a single counter unit, and the like. In oneexample, the counter unit is arranged to define a configuration of an1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog of at least one of the base units and to emitthe first counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy ina preset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arranged tohave a configuration of an 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog of at least two ofthe base units and to emit such first counter waves as supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, thecounter unit is arranged to define a configuration of an 1-D (or 2-D,3-D) analog of at least one of such first paths and at least one of thesecond paths and to emit the first counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and multiple counter units. In one example, atleast two of the counter units are arranged to have a configuration of1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog of at least one of the base units and to emitthe first counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy ina preset direction. In another example, at least two of the counterunits are arranged to have configurations of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analogsof at least two of the base units and to emit the first counter waves assupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, at least one of the counter units is arranged to defineconfigurations of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analogs of at least one of the firstpaths, and at least another of the counter units is arranged to defineconfigurations of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog of at least one of the secondpaths, where the counter units are arranged to emit such first counterwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave source withmultiple base units and may be capable of countering harmfulelectromagnetic waves which are irradiated from at least one of the baseunits by matching a shape and/or an arrangement of at least one of thebase units with a shape and/or an arrangement of the counter unit and bycanceling the harmful waves in a target space and/or suppressing theharmful waves from propagating toward the target space, where the baseunits are arranged to include only portions of the wave sourceresponsible for irradiating such harmful waves and/or affecting paths ofpropagation of the harmful waves therethrough, where the target space isdefined between such at least one of base units and an user of thesystem, and where the system is also arranged to include at least onedisplay screen and to display a visual image thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counter unit isarranged to define a shape similar (or identical, conforming) to that ofat least one of such base units, and to emit counter electromagneticwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection. In another example, such a counter unit is arranged to definea shape which is similar (or identical, conforming) to that of at leastone of the first paths and that of at least one of the second paths, andthen to emit counter electromagnetic waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction. In both of these example, thecounter waves are arranged to define wave characteristics which are atleast partially similar to those of the harmful waves irradiated by atleast one of the base units due to the shape, to define phase angles atleast partially opposite to those of the harmful waves irradiated fromsuch at least one of the base units due to the preset direction and,accordingly, to counter such harmful waves irradiated from such at leastone of the base units in the target space. These counter waves are to bereferred to as the “second counter waves” hereinafter.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, such acounter unit is arranged to define a shape different from (or notconforming to) that of at least one of the base units, to be in a presetarrangement with respect to the base units, and to emit counterelectromagnetic waves when supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In another example, such a counter unit is arranged toform a shape different from (or not conforming to) that of at least oneof the first paths and that of at least one of the second paths, to bein a preset arrangement with respect to such base units, and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy along a preset direction. In both example, such counter waves arearranged to have wave characteristics at least partially similar tothose of the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of the base unitsdue to the arrangement, to define phase angles at least partiallyopposite to those of such harmful waves irradiated by such at least oneof the base units due to the preset direction and, therefore, to counterthe harmful waves irradiated by such at least one of the base units inthe target space, where these counter waves are to be referred to as the“third counter waves” hereinafter.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, such acounter unit is arranged to define a shape of an 1-D analog of one ofthe 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) base units, and to emit such second counter wavesas supplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, the counter unit is arranged to define a shape of atleast one 1-D analog of at least two of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) base unitsand to emit the second counter waves as supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to have a shape of a 2-D analog of one of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D)base units and to emit the second counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy along a preset direction. In another example,the counter unit is arranged to have a shape of at least one 2-D analogof at least two of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) base units and to emit thesecond counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arranged tohave a shape of a 3-D analog of one of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) base unitsand to emit the second counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy along a preset direction. In another example, thecounter unit is arranged to have a shape of at least one 3-D analog ofat least two of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) base units and to emit the secondcounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection. In another example, such a counter unit is arranged to have ashape of at least one 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog of at least one of the1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) first paths and at least one of the 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D)second paths and to emit the second counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy along a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to define ashape matching a shape of one of the base units and to emit the secondcounter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection. In another example, such a system includes another singlecounter unit which is arranged to define a shape matching shapes of atleast two of the base units and to emit the second counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, the system includes multiple the counter units whichare arranged to define an overall shape matching a shape of at least oneof the base units, and to emit such second counter waves when suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction. In anotherexample, the system includes multiple counter units which are arrangedto define an overall shape matching an overall shape of at least two ofthe base units and to emit the second counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, thesystem includes multiple counter units at least one of which is arrangedto form a shape matching a shape of at least two of the first paths andat least another of which is arranged to define a shape matching a shapeof at least two of the second paths, where the counter units arearranged to emit the second counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to be placedbetween at least two of such base units and target space, to have adimension longer than a dimension (or an arrangement) of at least one ofsuch base units, and to emit counter electromagnetic waves when suppliedwith counter electrical energy along a preset direction. In anotherexample, the system includes a single counter unit which is arranged tobe disposed on an opposite side of the target space with respect to atleast one of the base units, to define a dimension (or an arrangement)shorter than a dimension of at least one of the base units, and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction. In another example, the system includes multiplecounter units which are arranged to be incorporated between at least twoof the base units and target space, to be in an arrangement having adimension longer than a dimension (or an arrangement) of at least one ofthe base units, and then to emit counter electromagnetic waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, the system includes multiple the counter units whichare arranged to be incorporated on an opposite side of the target spacerelative to at least one of such base units, to be in an arrangementwhich has a dimension (or an arrangement) shorter than a dimension of atleast one of the base units, and to emit counter electromagnetic waveswhen supplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inall of these examples, such counter waves are arranged to define wavecharacteristics at least partially similar to those of the harmful wavesirradiated by at least one of the base units due to such a dimension, todefine phase angles at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves irradiated by such at least one of the base units due to thepreset direction and, therefore, to counter the harmful waves irradiatedby such at least one of the base units in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to define a shape of a wire, a strip, a tube, a sheet,a coil, a spiral, a mesh thereof, a mixture thereof, a combinationthereof, and/or an array thereof while at least partially conforming itsshape to a shape of at least one of such base units, and then to emitthe second counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energyalong a preset direction. In another example, such a counter unit isarranged to have a shape of a wire, a strip, a tube, a sheet, a coil, aspiral, a mesh thereof, a mixture thereof, an array thereof, and/or acombination thereof while at least partially conforming the shape to anarrangement of at least one of the base units, and to emit the secondcounter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy along apreset direction. In another example, such a counter unit is arranged tohave a shape of a wire, a strip, a tube, a sheet, a coil, a spiral, amesh thereof, a mixture thereof, an array thereof, and/or a combinationthereof while at least partially conforming its shape to an arrangementand/or a shape of at least one of the first paths and at least one ofthe second paths, and to emit the second counter waves when suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to be in an arrangement which is similar to (ordifferent from) an arrangement of at least one of the base units and toemit the third counter waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy along a preset direction. In another example, such a counter unitis arranged to be in an arrangement which is similar to (or differentfrom) an arrangement of at least one of such first paths and at leastone of the second paths and to emit such third counter waves as suppliedwith counter electrical energy along a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to be disposed between the target space and at leasttwo of the base units, to define a size larger than a size of each of atleast two of such base units, and then to emit counter electromagneticwaves as supplied with counter electrical energy along a presetdirection. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to bedisposed on an opposite side of the target space with respect to thebase units, to have a size which is smaller than a size of each of atleast two of the base units, and to emit counter electromagnetic waveswhen supplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inboth of these examples, such counter waves are arranged to have wavecharacteristics which are at least partially similar to those of theharmful waves irradiated from at least one of the base units due to thesize, to have phase angles at least partially opposite to those of theharmful waves irradiated by such at least one of the base units due tothe preset direction and, therefore, to counter the harmful wavesirradiated by such at least one of the base units in the target space.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave source withmultiple base units and may be capable of countering harmfulelectromagnetic waves irradiated by at least one of the base units bymatching a disposition of at least one of the base units with adisposition of the counter unit and by suppressing the harmful wavesfrom propagating to a target space and/or canceling such harmful wavesin the target space, where the base units are arranged to include onlythose portions of the wave source responsible for irradiating theharmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmful wavestherethrough, where the target space is formed between an user of thesystem and such at least one of base units, while the system includes atleast one display screen for displaying a visual image thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counter unit isarranged to be in an alignment matching a propagation direction of theharmful waves, a direction of electric current which flows in at leastone of such base units, a direction of electric voltage which is appliedacross at least one of such base units, a direction along a longitudinalaxis of at least one of the base units, and/or a direction of a shortaxis thereof normal to such a longitudinal axis, and to emit counterelectromagnetic waves when supplied with counter electrical energy alonga preset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arranged tobe in an alignment matching a propagation direction of the harmfulwaves, a direction of electric current flowing through the first and/orsecond electrodes, a direction of electric voltage applied across thefirst and/or second electrodes, a direction along a longitudinal axis ofsuch first and/or second paths, and/or a direction of a short axisthereof normal to the longitudinal axis, and to emit counterelectromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In both of the examples, the counter waves arearranged to define wave characteristics which are at least partiallysimilar to those of such harmful waves irradiated from at least one ofthe base units due to such an alignment, to define phase angles at leastpartially opposite to those of the harmful waves irradiated by such atleast one of the base units due to the preset direction and, therefore,to counter the harmful waves irradiated by such at least one of the baseunits in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to be disposed in a position between at least one ofthe base units and target space and to emit counter electromagneticwaves defining amplitudes less than those of the harmful waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, the counter unit is arranged to be disposed in aposition on an opposite side of the target space with respect to atleast one of the base units and then to emit counter electromagneticwaves of amplitudes greater than those of the harmful waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. In bothof such examples, the counter waves are arranged to have wavecharacteristics at least partially similar to those of the harmful wavesirradiated by at least one of the base units due to the position, todefine phase angles at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves irradiated from such at least one of the base units due to thepreset direction and, accordingly, to counter the harmful wavesirradiated by such at least one of the base units in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to be in a disposition enclosing therein at least aportion (or an entire portion) of at least one of the base units and toemit counter electromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to be in a disposition enclosed by at least a (or an entire)portion of at least one of such base units and to emit counterelectromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energy along apreset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to bein a disposition lateral (or side by side) with at least one of the baseunits and to emit counter electromagnetic waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction. In another example,such a counter unit is arranged to be in a disposition enclosing thereinat least a (or an entire) portion of at least one of such first pathsand at least one of such second paths and then to emit counterelectromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In all of these examples, the counter waves arearranged to have wave characteristics which are at least partiallysimilar to those of the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of suchbase units due to the disposition, to define phase angles at leastpartially opposite to those of the harmful waves which are irradiatedfrom such at least one of the base units due to the preset directionand, accordingly, to counter the harmful waves irradiated by such atleast one of the base units in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and the counter unit. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to be in a disposition which is symmetric (orasymmetric) to at least a portion of at least one of the base units andthen to emit counter electromagnetic waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, the counterunit is arranged to be in a disposition symmetric (or asymmetric) to atleast portions of at least one of the first paths and at least one ofthe second paths and to emit counter electromagnetic waves when suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction. In both examples,the counter waves are arranged to define wave characteristics at leastpartially similar to those of the harmful waves irradiated from at leastone of the base units due to the disposition, to define phase angles atleast partially opposite to those of the harmful waves irradiated fromsuch at least one of the base units due to the preset direction and,accordingly, to counter such harmful waves irradiated by such at leastone of the base units in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem has multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and the counter unit which is arranged to be in a stationarydisposition with respect to at least one of the base units and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves as supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction. Whereby such counter waves are arranged to definewave characteristics at least partially similar to those of the harmfulwaves irradiated by at least one of the base units while maintaining thedisposition, to define phase angles at least partially opposite to thoseof the harmful waves which are irradiated from such at least one of suchbase units due to the preset direction and, accordingly, to counter theharmful waves irradiated by such at least one of the base units in thetarget space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem has multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and the counter unit which is arranged to be in a mobiledisposition relative to at least one of the base units and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction. Whereby, the counter waves are alsoarranged to have wave characteristics at least partially similar tothose of the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of the base unitswhile moving with respect to such at least one of the base units, todefine phase angles at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves irradiated by such at least one of the base units due to thepreset direction and, accordingly, to counter the harmful wavesirradiated by such at least one of the base units in the target space.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave sourceincluding multiple base units, where the base units irradiate harmfulelectromagnetic waves which define multiple wavefronts during theirpropagation, where the counter unit emits counter electromagnetic wavesand is also arranged to counter the harmful waves which are irradiatedfrom at least one of such base units by matching at least a portion ofat least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves with the counterwaves and by canceling the harmful waves by the counter waves in atarget space and/or suppressing the harmful waves by the counter wavesfrom propagating toward the target space, where the base units arearranged to include only portions of the wave source responsible forirradiating the harmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of theharmful waves therethrough, where such a target space is defined betweenat least one of the base units and an user of the system, and where thesystem includes at least one display screen and to display a visualimage thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such an EMCsystem includes the multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, sucha counter unit is arranged to be in a preset arrangement with respect toat least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and to emit thecounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to be in apreset arrangement with respect to at least one of the wavefronts of theharmful waves irradiated by at least one of the first paths and at leastone of the second paths and to emit the counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction. In both examples, suchcounter waves are arranged to match the portion of the wavefront of theharmful waves due to such an arrangement, to define phase angles atleast partially opposite to those of the harmful waves due to such apreset direction and, therefore, to counter the harmful waves in thetarget space, where these counter waves are to be referred to as the“fourth counter waves” hereinafter.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to be disposedin a front arrangement and along the wavefront and to emit the fourthcounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection, where the counter waves define amplitudes less than those ofthe harmful waves, while the counter unit is disposed between at leasttwo of the base units and the target space in the front arrangement. Inanother example, the system has multiple counter units each (or at leasttwo) of which is arranged to be disposed in a front arrangement andalong the wavefront and to emit the fourth counter waves when suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction, where the counterwaves define amplitudes less than those of the harmful waves and wherethe counter units are disposed between at least two of the base unitsand the target space in the front arrangement.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to be providedin a rear arrangement and then to emit the fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction, wheresuch fourth counter waves are arranged to have amplitudes greater thanthose of the harmful waves and where the counter unit is disposed on anopposite side of the target space with respect to at least one of thebase units in the rear arrangement. In another example, such a systemincludes multiple counter units each (or at least two) of which isarranged to be in a rear arrangement and to emit the fourth counterwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection, where such fourth counter waves are arranged to haveamplitudes greater than those of the harmful waves, while such counterunits are disposed on an opposite side of the target space with respectto such base units in the rear arrangement.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave sourceincluding multiple base units, where the base units irradiate harmfulelectromagnetic waves which define multiple wavefronts during theirpropagation, where the counter unit emits counter electromagnetic wavesand is also arranged to counter the harmful waves which are irradiatedby at least one of such base units by matching at least a portion of atleast one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves with such counter wavesand by canceling the harmful waves by the counter waves in a targetspace and/or suppressing the harmful waves by the counter waves frompropagating toward the target space, where the base units are arrangedto include only portions of the wave source responsible for irradiatingthe harmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmfulwaves therethrough, where such a target space is defined between atleast one of the base units and an user of the system, and where thesystem includes at least one display screen and to display a visualimage thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, at least one counter unit, and the like. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to be providedcloser to the target space with respect to at least one of the baseunits, to be aligned with the portion of only one (or the portions of atleast two) of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy along a preset direction. Inanother example, the system includes a single counter unit which isarranged to be disposed farther away from the target space with respectto at least one of the base units, to be in an arrangement at leastpartially inverse to the portion of only one (or the portions of atleast two) of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, the system has multiple counter units at least two ofwhich are arranged to be disposed closer to the target space withrespect to at least one of such base units, to be aligned with theportion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts,and to emit the fourth counter waves as supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction. In another example, the system includesmultiple counter units at least two of which are arranged to be disposedfarther away from the target space relative to at least one of the baseunits, to be in an arrangement at least partially inverse to the portionof only one (or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts, and toemit the fourth counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to define adimension larger (or smaller) than a dimension of at least one of thebase units, to be disposed between such at least one of such base unitsand target space in an arrangement which matches the portion of only one(or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts, and to emit thefourth counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In another example, the system includes multiplecounter units at least two of which are arranged to have dimensionslarger (or smaller) than a dimension of at least one of the base units,to be disposed between such at least one of such base units and thetarget space in an arrangement matching the portion of only one (or theportions of at least two) of such wavefronts, and then to emit thefourth counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to be between atleast two of the base units and target space in an arrangement similar(or identical, conforming) to the portion of only one (or the portionsof at least two) of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waveswhen supplied with counter electrical energy along a preset direction.In another example, the system includes a single counter unit which isarranged to be on an opposite side of the target space with respect toat least one of the base units in an arrangement similar (or identical,conforming) to such a portion of only one (or the portions of at leasttwo) of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waves as suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction. In anotherexample, the system has multiple counter units at least two of which arearranged to be disposed between the target space and at least two of thebase units in an arrangement similar (or identical, conforming) to sucha portion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of thewavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, thesystem includes multiple counter units at least two of which arearranged to be disposed on an opposite side of the target space withrespect to at least two of the base units in an arrangement similar (oridentical, conforming) to the portion of only one (or the portions of atleast two) of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, sucha counter unit is arranged to have a shape similar (or identical,conforming) to that of the portion of at least one of the wavefronts, tobe between at least two of the base units and target space in anarrangement which is not similar (or not identical, not conforming) tosuch at least one of the wavefronts, and to emit the fourth counterwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to define ashape similar (or identical, conforming) to that of at least one of thewavefronts, to be incorporated on an opposite side of the target spacewith respect to at least two of the base units in an arrangement notsimilar (or not identical, not conforming) to the portion of at leastone of the wavefronts, and to emit such fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction. Inanother example, such a counter unit is arranged to define a shape notsimilar (or not identical, not conforming) to that of at least one ofthe wavefronts, to be disposed between the target space and at least twoof the base units in an arrangement not similar (or not identical, notconforming) to the portion of at least one of the wavefronts, and toemit the fourth counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arrangedto define a shape not similar (or not identical, not conforming) to thatof at least one of the wavefronts, to be incorporated on an oppositeside of the target space with respect to at least two of the base unitsin an arrangement not similar (or not identical, not conforming) to theportion of at least one of the wavefronts, and then to emit the fourthcounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, sucha counter unit is arranged to be in an arrangement enclosing the portionof only one (or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts thereinand to emit such fourth counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, the counterunit is arranged to be in an arrangement enclosed by the portion of onlyone (or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts and to emit thefourth counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to bein a lateral (or side-by-side) arrangement to the portion of only one(or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts and to emit thefourth counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in apreset direction.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, sucha counter unit is arranged to emit such fourth counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy in a preset direction whilebeing disposed along such a portion of only one (or the portions of atleast two) of the wavefronts in an arrangement defining a wire, a strip,a sheet, a tube, a coil, a spiral, a mesh thereof, a mixture thereof, acombination thereof, and/or an array thereof, and disposed between atleast one of the base units and target space. In another example, thecounter unit is arranged to emit the fourth counter waves as suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction while beingdisposed along such a portion of only one (or the portions of at leasttwo) such wavefronts in an arrangement of a wire, a strip, a sheet, atube, a coil, a spiral, a mesh thereof, a mixture thereof, an arraythereof, and/or a combination thereof and while being disposed on anopposite side of the target space with respect to at least one of thebase units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least two counter units each of which isarranged to disposed in an arrangement defined on a far side of thetarget space with respect to at least one of such base units and to emitsuch fourth counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction so that a sum of the counter waves individuallyemitted by the counter units defines multiple wavefronts with greaterradii of curvature than radii of curvature of the wavefronts of theindividual counter waves.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave sourceincluding multiple base units, where the base units irradiate harmfulelectromagnetic waves which define multiple wavefronts during theirpropagation, where the counter unit emits counter electromagnetic wavesand is also arranged to counter the harmful waves which are irradiatedby at least one of the base units by matching at least a portion of atleast one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves with such counter wavesand by canceling the harmful waves by the counter waves in a targetspace and/or suppressing the harmful waves by the counter waves frompropagating toward the target space, where the base units are arrangedto include only portions of the wave source responsible for irradiatingthe harmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmfulwaves therethrough, where the target space is defined between at leastone of such base units and an user of the system, and where the systemincludes at least one display screen and to display a visual imagethereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, a system hasa single counter unit which is arranged to define a configurationmatching that of only one of the base units and to emit the counterwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy along a presetdirection. In another example, multiple counter units are arranged to bein an arrangement matching a configuration of only one of the base unitsand to emit the counter waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction. In both examples, such counter waves arearranged to define phase angles which are at least partially opposite tothose of the harmful waves, to at least partially match such a portionof the wavefront of the harmful waves due to the configuration and,therefore, to counter the harmful waves in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to define aconfiguration matching an arrangement of all (or at least two but notall) of such base units and then to emit the counter waves as suppliedwith counter electrical energy in a preset direction. In anotherexample, the system includes multiple counter units at least two (orall) of which are arranged to be in an arrangement matching anarrangement of all (or at least two but not all) of the base units andto emit the counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energyin a preset direction. In both examples, such counter waves are arrangedto define phase angles at least partially opposite to those of suchharmful waves, to at least partially match the portion of the wavefrontof the harmful waves due to the arrangement and, therefore, to counterthe harmful waves in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is arranged to define apreset shape, to be in a preset arrangement relative to at least one ofthe base units, and to emit the counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction, where such a shape and/orarrangement is arranged to match the portion of only one (or theportions of at least two) of such wavefronts. In another example, thesystem has multiple counter units all (or at least two but not all) ofwhich are arranged to define an overall preset shape, to be in a presetarrangement relative to at least one of the base units, and to emit thecounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy in a presetdirection, where the arrangement and/or shape is arranged to match theportion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of the wavefronts.In both examples, the counter waves are arranged to define multiplewavefronts at least one of which is similar (or identical) to theportion of the wavefront of such harmful waves due to the shape and/orarrangement, to also have phase angles at least partially opposite tothose of the harmful waves and, accordingly, to counter the harmfulwaves due to the phase angles in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. In one example, thesystem includes a single counter unit which is shaped, sized, and/ordisposed to emit the counter waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy in a preset direction, where the counter waves are arranged tomatch the portion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of thewavefronts of the harmful waves which are irradiated by only one (or atleast two) of the base units. In another example, the system includesmultiple counter units all (or at least two but not all) of which aredisposed, shaped, and sized to emit the counter waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy in a preset direction, where a sum of thecounter waves is arranged to match the portion of only one (or theportions of at least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful wavesirradiated from only one (or at least two) of the base units. In bothexamples, the counter waves are arranged to define multiple wavefrontsat least one of which is at least partially similar to (or identical to)the portion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of thewavefronts of the harmful waves due to at least one of a disposition,shape, and size of the counter unit(s), to have phase angles at leastpartially opposite to those of the harmful waves and, therefore, tocounter the harmful waves in the target space.

In another aspect of the present invention, another EMC display systemmay have at least one counter unit and at least one wave sourceincluding multiple base units, where the base units irradiate harmfulelectromagnetic waves which define multiple wavefronts during theirpropagation, where the counter unit emits counter electromagnetic wavesand is also arranged to counter the harmful waves which are irradiatedby at least one of the base units by matching at least a portion of atleast one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves by the counter wavesand by suppressing the harmful waves with the counter waves frompropagating toward a target space and/or canceling the harmful waves bythe counter waves in the target space, where the base units are arrangedto include only portions of the wave source responsible for irradiatingthe harmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmfulwaves therethrough, where the target space is defined between at leastone of such base units and an user of the system, and where the systemincludes at least one display screen and to display a visual imagethereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and at least one counter unit which is arranged to define apreset shape and a preset size, to be in a preset arrangement alignedwith the portion of only one (or the portions of at least two) of thewavefronts, and to emit counter electromagnetic waves when supplied withcounter electrical energy along a preset direction, whereby the counterwaves are arranged to define phase angles at least partially opposite tothose of such harmful waves, to match the portion of only one (or theportions of at least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and,accordingly, to counter the harmful waves in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes multiple standard pixels, at least one standardfirst electrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, multiple counter units, and the like. In oneexample, the counter units are arranged to be in a disposition definedbetween at least two of the base units and target space, to be in anarrangement which is aligned with the portion of only one (or theportions of at least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and,therefore, to emit the counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy in a preset direction. In another example, suchcounter units are arranged to be in a disposition defined on an oppositeside of the target space relative to such base units, to be in anarrangement which is at least partially inverse to the portion of onlyone (or at least two portions of at least two) of the wavefronts of theharmful waves, and to emit the counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy along a preset direction. In both examples, a sum ofthe counter waves emitted by at least two of the counter units isarranged to have phase angles at least partially opposite to those ofthe harmful waves, to match the portion of only one (or the portions ofat least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves due to such anarrangement and/or disposition and, accordingly, to counter the harmfulwaves in the target space.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC electric displaysystem may include at least one wave source with multiple base units andmay be capable of countering harmful electromagnetic waves irradiated byat least one of the base units by canceling such harmful waves in atarget space and/or suppressing the harmful waves from propagating tothe target space, where such base units are arranged to include onlythose portions of the wave source responsible for irradiating theharmful waves and/or affecting paths of the harmful waves therethrough,where the target space is defined between at least one of the base unitsand an user of the system, and where the system is arranged to includeat least one display screen and to display a visual image thereon.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, an EMCsystem includes at least one light source, multiple pixels, at least onestandard first electrode and standard second electrode, at least onestandard controller, and at least one counter unit. Such a light sourceis arranged to emit visible light rays, while the pixels forms thedisplay screen, whereas each of such pixels is arranged to include atleast one liquid crystal therein and to generate each portion of theimage by manipulating transmission of the light rays through the crystalas supplied with source electrical energy, thereby the pixels generatingthe image in cooperation. In one example, the counter unit is arrangedto define a configuration which is at least partially similar (oridentical) to at least one of such base units and to emit such firstcounter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy. In anotherexample, the counter unit is arranged to define a shape which is atleast partially similar (or identical, conforming) to that of at leastone of the base units and to emit the second counter waves as suppliedwith counter electrical energy. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to have a shape different from (or not conforming to) that ofat least one of the base units, to be in a preset arrangement withrespect to the base units, and to emit the third counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy. In another example, the counterunit is arranged to be in a preset arrangement with respect to at leastone of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and to emit such fourthcounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy. In anotherexample, the counter unit is arranged to define a preset shape and apreset size, where the harmful waves are arranged to define multiplewavefronts, where the counter unit is arranged to be in a presetarrangement aligned with at least a portion of only one (or portions ofat least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves, and to emit thecounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy, and where thecounter waves are arranged to define phase angles at least partiallyopposite to those of the harmful waves, to match the portion of only one(or the portions of such at least two) of the wavefronts of such harmfulwaves due ti the arrangement and, accordingly, to counter the harmfulwaves in the target space. Such counter waves capable of countering theabove harmful waves will be referred to as the “fifth counter waves”hereinafter. In another example, the system includes multiple counterunits which are arranged to be in a disposition defined between at leasttwo of the base units and the target space, where the harmful waves arearranged to define multiple wavefronts, where the counter unit isarranged to be in an arrangement which is aligned with at least aportion of only one (or portions of at least two) of the wavefronts ofthe harmful waves and, therefore, to emit the counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy, while a sum of the counterwaves emitted from at least two of the counter units is arranged to havephase angles which are at least partially opposite to those of theharmful waves, to match the portion of only one (or the portions of suchat least two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves due to thedisposition and, accordingly, to counter the harmful waves in the targetspace. These counter waves capable of countering such harmful waves areto be referred to as the “fifth counter waves” hereinafter. In anotherexample, the system includes multiple counter units which are arrangedto be in a disposition which is defined on an opposite side of thetarget space with respect to at least one of the base units, where theharmful waves are arranged to define multiple wavefronts, where suchcounter units are also arranged to be in an arrangement at leastpartially inverse to at least a portion of only one (or portions of atleast two) of the wavefronts of the harmful waves, and then to emit thecounter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy, and where asum of such counter waves which are emitted by at least two of thecounter units is arranged to have phase angles which are at leastpartially opposite to those of the harmful waves, to match the portionof only one (or the portions of such at least two) of the wavefronts ofthe harmful waves due to the disposition and, accordingly, to counterthe harmful waves in the target space, where these counter waves capableof countering such harmful waves are to be referred to as the “fifthcounter waves” hereinafter.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the present invention,such an EMC system includes multiple pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one standard second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and at least one counter unit. Such pixels define thedisplay screen, where each pixel is arranged to include therein at leastone organic (and/or inorganic) material and to generate each portion ofthe image by emitting visible light rays with the organic (or inorganic)material when supplied with source electrical energy, whereby suchpixels generate the image in cooperation. In one example, the counterunit is arranged to define a configuration which is at least partiallysimilar (or identical) to at least one of the base units and to emit thefirst counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy. Inanother example, the counter unit is arranged to define a shape which isat least partially similar (or identical, conforming) to that of atleast one of such base units and to emit the second counter waves whensupplied with counter electrical energy. In another example, such acounter unit is arranged to define a shape different from (or notconforming to) that of at least one of the base units, to be in a presetarrangement relative to the base units, and to emit such third counterwaves as supplied with counter electrical energy. In another example,the counter unit is arranged to be in a preset arrangement with respectto at least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves and to emit thefourth counter waves as supplied with counter electrical energy. Inanother example, the counter unit is arranged to have a preset shape anda preset size and to emit the fifth counter waves. In another example,the system has multiple counter units which are arranged to be in adisposition defined between at least two of the base units and targetspace and to emit the sixth counter waves. In another example, thesystem includes multiple counter units which are arranged to be providedin a disposition defined on an opposite side of the target spacerelative to at least one of such base units and to emit the seventhcounter waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the present invention,such an EMC system includes multiple pixels, at least one standard firstelectrode, at least one second electrode, at least one standardcontroller, and at least one counter unit. Such pixels form the displayscreen, and each of the pixels is arranged to include therein at leastone phosphor material, to define each portion of the image by emittingvisible light rays by the phosphor material as supplied with sourceelectrical energy, thereby the pixels generating the image incooperation. In one example, the counter unit is arranged to define aconfiguration at least partially similar (or identical) to at least oneof the base units and to emit such first counter waves as supplied withcounter electrical energy. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to define a shape at least partially similar (or identical,conforming) to that of at least one of the base units and to emit suchsecond counter waves when supplied with counter electrical energy. Inanother example, the counter unit is arranged to have a shape which isdifferent from (or not conforming to) that of at least one of the baseunits, to be in a preset arrangement with respect to the base units, andto emit the third counter waves when supplied with counter electricalenergy. In another example, the counter unit is arranged to be in apreset arrangement relative to at least one of the wavefronts of theharmful waves and to emit the fourth counter waves as supplied withcounter electrical energy. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to have a preset shape and preset size and to emit the fifthcounter waves. In another example, such a system includes multiplecounter units which are arranged to be in a disposition defined betweenat least two of the base units and the target space and to emit suchsixth counter waves. In another example, the system includes multiplecounter units which are arranged to be in a disposition formed on anopposite side of the target space with respect to at least one of thebase units and to emit the seventh counter waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such anEMC system includes at least one beam generator, multiple pixels, atleast one steering unit, a controller, at least one counter unit, andthe like. The beam generator is arranged to generate at least one beamof electrons, and the pixels defines the display screen, where each ofthe pixels is arranged to include therein at least one phosphormaterial, to generate each portion of the image by emitting visiblelight rays by the phosphor material when impinged by the beam ofelectrons so that the pixels generate the image in cooperation. Thesteering unit is arranged to include at least one but preferablymultiple coils, to generate magnetic fields between the beam generatorand screen, and to manipulate trajectories of the electron beam byinteracting the magnetic fields therewith while serving as the base unitand also irradiating the harmful waves. The controller is arranged to beoperatively coupled to the beam generator and steering coils, to adjustthe magnetic fields, to perform projection of the electron beam to atleast one but not all of the pixels for generating only a portion of theimage, and to repeat the projection for the rest of the pixels untilcompleting the image. In one example, such a counter unit is arranged tohave a configuration at least partially similar (or identical) to atleast one of the base units and to emit the first counter waves assupplied with counter electrical energy. In another example, the counterunit is arranged to define a shape which is at least partially similar(or identical, conforming) to that of at least one of such base unitsand to emit the second counter waves when supplied with counterelectrical energy. In another example, the counter unit is arranged todefine a shape different from (or not conforming to) that of at leastone of the base units, to be in a preset arrangement with respect tosuch base units, and to emit the third counter waves as supplied withcounter electrical energy. In another example, the counter unit isarranged to be in a preset arrangement with respect to at least one ofthe wavefronts of such harmful waves and to emit the fourth counterwaves when supplied with counter electrical energy. In another example,the counter unit is arranged to define a preset shape and a preset sizeand to emit the fifth counter waves. In another example, such a systemincludes multiple counter units which are arranged to be in adisposition defined between at least two of the base units and targetspace and to emit such sixth counter waves. In another example, thesystem includes multiple counter units which are arranged to be in adisposition defined on an opposite side of the target space with respectto at least one of the base units and to emit the seventh counter waves.

Embodiments of such system aspects of the present invention may includeone or more of the following features, and configurational and/oroperational variations and/or modifications of the above systems alsofall within the scope of the present invention.

The wave source of the EMC system may include the first electrode,second electrode, beam generator, steering unit, controller, screen, andthe like, where the base units of such a wave source and/or EMC systemmay include the first paths of the first electrode, the second paths ofthe second electrode, the pixels of the screen, the coils of thesteering unit, and various electric and/or electronic elements of thecontroller, beam generator, and/or the rest of the system, where thecomponents may also include resistors, inductors, capacitors, diodes,signal regulators and/or processors, transistors, amplifiers, and thelike. At least one of the base units may be at least one wire and/orstrip which may be made of and/or include at least one conductive,semiconductive, and/or insulative material. At least one of the baseunits may include at least one winding of the wire and/or strip whichmay be made of and/or include at least one conductive, semiconductive,and/or insulative material.

The system may be an EMC cathode ray tube system, an EMC liquid crystaldisplay system, an EMC organic or inorganic light emitting (diode)system, an EMC plasma display system, an EMC display system emittingvisible light rays utilizing the liquid crystal, organic (or inorganic)light emitting material, and/or phosphor material, and the like. Thepixels may generate the image by emitting such visible light rays. Thesystem may include at least one light source emitting the visible lightrays, where the pixels may generate the image by transmitting thevisible light rays therethrough. Such pixels may generate the image whenelectric current flows therethrough, when electric voltage is appliedthereacross, and the like. The source energy may be a source electriccurrent and/or a source electric voltage, and the pixels may serve asthe base units irradiating the harmful waves as the source current flowstherein or when the source voltage is applied thereacross. The first andsecond electrodes may be disposed to contact opposite sides of thepixels. The first electrode may be disposed on top of the pixels, whilethe second electrode may be disposed below bottom of the pixels suchthat only one of the first paths may contact each of the pixels on itstop, while only one of the second paths may contact each of the pixelson its bottom. Such first paths may be arranged parallel to each otherin the first direction, such second paths may be arranged parallel toeach other in the second direction, and the first and second directionsmay be transverse (or normal) to each other.

The pixels as well as the electrodes may be grouped into multiple sets.More particularly, the pixels of each set may electrically couple with acorresponding set of the first and second electrodes so that the firstand second paths of such electrodes may manipulate the supply of thesource energy to those pixels of the specific set of pixels but not tothe pixels of the pixels of the rest of the sets. In this embodiment,the controller may also include multiple subcontrollers each of whichmay manipulate the pixels and conductive paths of the specific set.These sets of pixels and paths may be defined in various patterns, e.g.,by dividing the display screen into numerous rectangular or squareblocks, by dividing the screen in multiple honeycomb-shaped blocks, bydividing the screen into numerous round polygonal blocks, and the like.As far as numerous pixels of such sets may generate the visual image incooperation, detailed shapes and/or dividing patterns of the pixelsand/or paths may not be material within the scope of the presentinvention.

The harmful waves may include carrier-frequency waves definingfrequencies less than from about 50 Hz to 60 Hz, extremely low-frequencywaves of frequencies less than 300 Hz, other waves having frequenciesless than 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz,10 MHz, 50 MHz, 100 MHz, 500 MHz, 1 GHz, 5 GHz, 10 GHz, 50 GHz, 100 GHz,500 GHz, 1 THz, 10 THz, and the like, where the counter waves may havefrequencies similar to (or greater than, less than) those of the harmfulwaves. The harmful waves may include ultra low-frequency waves withfrequencies less than 3 kHz, very low-frequency waves of frequenciesless than 30 kHz, low-frequency waves of frequencies less than 300 kHz,and the like, while the counter waves may have frequencies similar to(or greater than, less than) those of the harmful waves. The targetspace may be defined on one side of the counter unit and at least one ofthe base units, around a preset angle around the counter unit or atleast one of the base units, between the counter unit and at least oneof the base units, and the like.

The above countering may include the canceling and/or the suppressing.The counter unit may receive the counter electrical energy and thenactively emit such counter waves or, in the alternative, may not receivethe counter electrical energy but rather passively emit the counterwaves caused by an electromagnetic induction caused by the magnetic fluxof the harmful waves flowing therein. The counter unit may includetherein at least one electrically conductive and/or semiconductivematerial in which the electric current flows or, alternatively, at leastone electrically conductive, semiconductive, and/or insulative materialacross which the electric voltage is applied, and the like. The counterunit may counter the harmful waves by a local countering in which thecounter unit may counter only one of the base units or, in thealternative, may counter the harmful waves in a global countering inwhich the counter unit may counter at least two of the base units. Thecounter unit may be disposed side by side or stacked with at least oneof such base units, may wind around at least one of such base unitsalong a preset length, may concentrically enclose at least one of thebase units, may be enclosed in at least one of the base units, and/ormay be axially aligned with at least one of the base units. The EMCsystem may include multiple counter units, where at least one of suchcounter units may be disposed over the first electrode, and another ofthe counter units may be disposed under or below the second electrode,thereby countering the first and second electrodes in the localcountering. The counter unit may be disposed over both of the first andsecond electrodes for countering both of the electrodes in the globalcountering. The counter unit may be spaced from at least one of the baseunits at a preset distance, may mechanically, electrically, and/ormagnetically couple with at least one of the base units, may define anunitary article with at least one of the base units, and the like. Thecounter unit may be retained by at least one support while maintainingits shape while emitting the harmful waves or, in the alternative, mayvary its shape while emitting the counter waves.

The configuration and/or disposition of the counter unit may bedetermined based on whether the counter unit is to match a configurationof at least one of the base units or to match at least one of thewavefronts of the harmful waves. The counter unit may define the shapeidentical to, similar to or different from that of at least one of thebase units, that of the wave source, and the like. The counter unit maydefine a shape of the wire, strip, sheet, tube, coil, spiral, mesh,mixture of at least one of the shapes, combination thereof, and/or arraythereof, where the array may form a bundle of at least two of theshapes, a braid thereof, a coil thereof, a mesh thereof, and the like.The shape of the counter unit may (or may not) conform to that of atleast one of such base units, that of the wave source, and the like. Thecounter unit may form the 1-D, 2-D, and/or 3-D analogs of at least oneof the base units, of the wave source, and the like. A single counterunit may define only one of the analogs or at least two of the analogsor, alternatively, at least two of multiple counter units may defineonly one of such analogs or at least two of such analogs. The analog maymaintain a similarity with at least one of the base units, with the wavesource, and the like. At least two of the analogs as a whole maymaintain a similarity with at least one of the base units, wave source,and the like. At least two portions of the counter unit and/or at leasttwo counter units may define the same shape of different sizes,different shapes of similar or different sizes, and the like. Such acounter unit may define at least substantially uniform shape and/or sizealong at least a substantial portion thereof along its longitudinal axisor may have the shape and/or size varying along the portion and/or axis.The size of the counter unit may (or not) conform to that of at leastone of the base units, wave source, and the like. Such counter units maybe disposed in the arrangement which may be identical to, similar to ordifferent from the shape of at least one of the base units, shape of thewave source, arrangement of at least two of the base units, and/orarrangement of the wave sources. At least two of the counter units maybe disposed in an arrangement which may (or not) conform to the shape ofat least one of the base units, the shape of the wave source, thearrangement of at least two of such base units, the arrangement of atleast two of multiple wave sources, and the like. The counter units maybe disposed in a symmetric (or an asymmetric) arrangement with respectto each other, at least one of the base units, the wave source, and thelike. The counter unit may be aligned with (or misaligned from) thedirection of propagation of the harmful waves, the direction of theelectric energy (i.e., current or voltage), the longitudinal axis of atleast one of the base units, the short axis of at least one of such baseunits, one of the axes of the wave source, and the like. All of (or onlysome of, one of, none of) such counter units may be aligned with (ormisaligned from) at least one of the directions and/or axes. The counterunit and at least one of the base units may be disposed at an identical(or similar) distance from the target space. At least a portion of thecounter unit and/or at least one of such base units may be disposed inanother of the counter and/or base units or, in the alternative, thecounter unit and at least one of the base units may be axially disposedalong a single common axis of at least two of the counter and/or baseunits, and the like. The counter units may be in an angular arrangementwhich is defined around the longitudinal axis of at least one of thebase units, wave source, and the like. The counter unit may be movablyor stationarily disposed closer to (or farther away from) the targetspace than at least one of such base units, wave source, and the like.The counter unit and at least one of the base units may be disposed onthe same side of the target space or, in the alternative, the counterunit may instead be disposed on opposite sides of the target space. Thecounter unit may conform to only one of the base units or at least twoof the base units or, in the alternative, at least two of such counterunits may conform to only one of the base units or at least two of thebase units.

A single counter unit may counter the harmful waves irradiated by onlyone of the first paths, second paths, pixels, electric or electroniccomponents of the system, and the like. A single counter unit maycounter the harmful waves irradiated by at least two of the first paths,second paths, pixels, electric or electronic components of the system,and the like. The system may include multiple counter units each ofwhich may counter the harmful waves irradiated by each one of the firstpaths, second paths, pixels, electric or electronic components of thesystem, and the like. The system may include multiple counter units atleast one of which may counter the harmful waves irradiated by at leasttwo of the first paths, second paths, pixels, electric and/or electroniccomponents of such a system, and the like. The system may includemultiple counter units each of which may be disposed closer to each one(or at least two) of the first paths, second paths, pixels, electricand/or electronic components of the system, and the like.

The counter unit may be disposed on an exterior (or interior) of and/orembedded into at least one of the base units, the wave source, and thelike. The counter unit may be disposed on, in, and/or inside the screen,a front (or rear) of the screen, a top (or bottom) of the screen, andthe like. At least a (or an entire) portion of at least one of the baseunits may be exposed through the wave source or may be disposed insidethe wave source. At least a (or an entire) portion of the counter unitmay be exposed through the screen or, alternatively, may instead bedisposed inside the screen. The counter unit may be directly coupled tothe screen, at least one of the base units, and/or other parts of such asystem, may be indirectly coupled thereto through at least one coupler,and the like. The counter unit and at least one of the base units may bemade of and/or include therein at least one common material, may be madeof or include therein at least one similar materials, may not includeany common material, and the like. The counter unit may also be arrangedto emit the counter waves using a least amount of material, whileconsuming a least amount of the current and/or voltage, and the like.

The base units may further be supplied with the source electrical energy(i.e., source electric current and/or source electric voltage, wheresuch source current and/or voltage may be supplied to the counter unitas the counter electrical energy (i.e., counter electric current and/orcounter electric voltage), where only a portion of such source currentand/or voltage may be supplied to the counter unit as the countercurrent and/or voltage, where amplitude and/or direction of at least aportion of the source current and/or voltage may be altered and suppliedto the counter unit as the counter current and/or voltage, whereexternal current or voltage may be externally provided and synchronizedwith the source current or voltage and supplied to the counter unit asthe counter current or voltage, and the like. The counter unit and atleast one of the base units may electrically couple with each other in aseries mode, parallel mode or hybrid mode or, alternatively, may notdirectly couple with each other. The system may include multiple counterunits which may be supplied with similar or identical counter currentsor voltages, with different counter currents or voltages, and the like.The counter units may be electrically coupled to each other in a seriesmode, parallel mode or hybrid mode or, alternatively, may not bedirectly coupled to each other. All (or only some) of the counter unitsmay be electrically coupled to at least one of the base units in thesame mode or, in the alternative, none of such counter units may beelectrically coupled to at least one of the base units in the same mode.

The counter waves may define amplitudes which are greater than, similarto or less than those of the harmful waves depending upon thedisposition thereof with respect to at least one of the base units. Thecounter unit and at least one of the base units may define substantiallyidentical, similar or different resonance frequencies. At least aportion of a single counter unit and/or at least one of the multiplecounter units may define resonance frequencies different from those ofthe rest thereof.

The system may include at least one of such magnetic shields describedhereinabove or in the co-pending Applications. The magnetic shields maybe disposed in, on, over, around, and/or through at least one of thecounter and/or base units. The magnetic shields may define shapes whichmay at least partially conform to the shapes of the counter and/or baseunits or, in the alternative, may define shapes which may be at leastpartially different from shapes of the counter and/or base units. Suchmagnetic shield may have at least one path member with a relativemagnetic permeability greater than 1,000, 10,000, 100,000, 1,000,000,and the like. The magnetic shield may include at least one magnet memberdefining at least one South pole. The magnetic shield may include atleast one shunt member which may be directly or indirectly coupled tothe magnet member. The shunt member may define the relative magneticpermeability which may be greater than 1,000, 10,000, 100,000,1,000,000, and the like. The magnetic shield described hereinabove ordisclosed in the co-pending applications may be incorporated into any ofsuch EMC systems described hereinabove. The system may also include atleast one of the electric shields described hereinabove or in theco-pending Applications. The electric shields described hereinabove ordisclosed in the co-pending Applications may be incorporated to any ofthe EMC systems described hereinabove. Such magnetic and/or electricshields may form shapes and/or sizes which may be uniformly maintainedalong the longitudinal axis of the counter and/or base units or whichmay vary therealong. The shapes and/or sizes of the magnetic and/orelectric shields may be identical to, similar to or different from thoseof the counter and/or base units. Such a system may also includemultiple magnetic and/or electric shields. At least two of the magneticand/or electric shields may shield against the magnetic waves and/orelectric waves of such harmful waves of the same or differentfrequencies in same or different extents. The magnetic and/or electricshields may be disposed over at least a portion (or entire portion) ofthe counter and/or base units.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves therefrom, by manipulatingshapes of the counter waves, and by suppressing the harmful waves withthe counter waves from propagating toward a target space and/orcanceling the harmful waves by the counter waves in the target space,where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels eachelectrically coupled to the anode and cathode, an electric component ofthe EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the EMC system, wheresuch base units are arranged to include only portions of the wave sourcewhich are responsible for irradiating the harmful waves and/or affectingtherethrough paths of propagation of the harmful waves, where the targetspace is defined between an user of the EMC system and at least one ofthe base units, where the counter waves define at least one firstwavefront during their propagation, where the harmful waves define atleast one second wavefront in their propagation, and where the EMCsystem includes at least one screen which is made up of the pixels andthen displays a visual image thereon by manipulating the pixels with theanode and cathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: providing at least one counter unit for emittingsuch counter waves (the “first providing” hereinafter); extending thecounter unit to be wider (or longer) than at least one of the base unitsof a single wave source; disposing the counter unit between at least oneof such base units and user while aligning a width (or length) of thecounter unit with at least a portion of the second wavefront; andemitting the counter waves aligned with and at least partially similarto the harmful waves due to such extending and disposing, therebycountering the harmful waves therewith in the target space. Suchextending and disposing may be replaced by the steps of: extending thecounter unit to be wider (or longer) than at least two of the base unitsof at least two different wave sources; and disposing the counter unitbetween at least one of the base units and user while aligning a width(or length) of the counter unit with at least a portion of the secondwavefront. Such extending and disposing may also be replaced by thesteps of: extending the counter unit to be narrower (or shorter) than atleast one of the base units; and disposing the counter unit on anopposite side of the space relative to at least one of such base unitswhile aligning a width (or a length) of the counter unit with at least aportion of the second wavefront.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing a single counter unit foremitting such counter waves; assessing at least one location in thetarget space where at least a portion of the first wavefront bestmatches at least a portion of the second wavefront; and disposing thecounter unit in the location to emit the counter waves, therebycountering the harmful waves with the counter waves in the target space.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing at least two counter units eachcapable of emitting the counter waves; emitting from the counter unitsthe counter waves having phase angles similar (or identical) to eachother while forming a first sum of the first wavefronts of the counterwaves emitted by the counter units; finding a relation between adistance between such counter units and an increase in a radius ofcurvature of the first wavefront of such a first sum; selecting thedistance between the counter units for a preset radius of curvature;assessing at least two locations for the counter units in the targetspace where at least a portion of the first sum matches at least aportion of the second wavefront; and disposing the counter units in thelocations spaced by the distance, thereby countering the harmful waveswith the counter waves in the target space. Such emitting and findingmay be replaced by the steps of: emitting from the counter units thecounter waves having phase angles at least partially opposite to eachother and defining a first sum of the first wavefronts of the counterwaves emitted from such counter units; and then finding a relationbetween a distance between such counter units and a decrease in a radiusof curvature of the first wavefront of the first sum.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby matching at least one feature of at least one of the base units withat least a portion of the system and by suppressing the harmful wavesfrom propagating toward a target space and/or canceling the harmfulwaves in the target space, where the wave source includes an anode, acathode, multiple pixels each electrically coupled to the anode andcathode, an electric component of the EMC system, and/or an electroniccomponent of the system, where the base units are arranged to includeonly those portions of the wave source responsible for irradiating suchharmful waves and/or affecting paths of propagation of the harmful wavestherethrough, where the target space is defined between at least one ofsuch base units and an user of the system, where the feature is a shape,a size, and/or an arrangement, and where the EMC system includes atleast one screen which is made up of the pixels and displays a visualimage thereon by manipulating the pixels with both of the anode andcathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: providing at least one counter unit capable ofemitting counter electromagnetic waves; configuring the counter unit tomatch the feature of at least one of such base units of a single wavesource; emitting the counter waves similar to the harmful waves due tothe configuring; and disposing the counter unit in a location for bestmatching the harmful waves in the target space with the counter waves,thereby countering the harmful waves with the counter waves therein.Such configuring may be replaced by one of the steps of: configuring thecounter unit to match the feature of at least two of the base units ofat least two different wave sources; configuring the counter unit todefine a configuration which is simpler than that of at least one ofsuch base units of a single wave source while keeping the feature;configuring the counter unit to define a configuration simpler than thatof at least two of the base units of at least two different wave sourceswhile maintaining the feature; configuring the counter unit to define aconfiguration more complex than that of at least one of the base unitswhile at least minimally maintaining the feature; configuring thecounter unit to have a dimension defined by a less number of unit axesthan at least one of such base units while at least minimally keepingthe feature; configuring the counter unit to have a dimension which isdefined by a greater number of unit axes than that of at least one ofthe base units while at least minimally maintaining the feature, and thelike.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing a single counter unit capable ofemitting counter electromagnetic waves; configuring the counter unit todefine a configuration simpler than that of only one of the base unitswhile maintaining the feature; emitting the counter waves which aresimilar to the harmful waves due to the configuring; and disposing thecounter unit in a location for best matching such harmful waves in thetarget space with the counter waves, thereby countering the harmfulwaves with the counter waves therein. The above configuring may also bereplaced by one of the steps of: configuring the counter unit to have aconfiguration simpler than that of at least two of the base units of atleast two different wave sources while maintaining the feature;configuring the counter unit to define a configuration similar (oridentical) to an arrangement of all (or at least two but not all) ofsuch base units of a single wave source while keeping the feature;configuring the counter unit to have a configuration which is similar(or identical) to an arrangement of all (or at least two but not all) ofsuch base units of at least two different wave sources while keeping thefeature; configuring the counter unit to be formed in a dimension whichis defined by a less number of mutually orthogonal unit axes than anarrangement of all (or at least two but not all) of the base units whilemaintaining the feature; configuring the counter unit to be formed in adimension defined by a greater number of mutually orthogonal unit axesthan an arrangement of all (or at least two but not all) of the baseunits while maintaining the feature, and the like.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing multiple counter units eachcapable of emitting counter electromagnetic waves; arranging at leasttwo of the counter units in a configuration simpler than that of onlyone of the base units while maintaining the feature; emitting thecounter waves similar to the harmful waves due to the arranging; anddisposing such counter units in locations for matching the harmful wavesin the target space with the counter waves, thereby countering theharmful waves by the counter waves therein. The above arranging may alsobe replaced by one of the steps of: arranging at least two of thecounter units in a configuration simpler than that of at least two ofthe base units of at least two different wave sources while maintainingthe feature; arranging at least two of such counter units in aconfiguration which is similar (or identical) to an arrangement of all(or at least two but not all) of such base units of a single wave sourcewhile keeping the feature; arranging at least two of the counter unitsin a configuration which is similar (or identical) to an arrangement ofall (or at least two but not all) of such base units of at least twodifferent wave sources while maintaining the feature; arranging thecounter units in an arrangement defining a dimension which is formed bya less number of mutually orthogonal unit axes than an arrangement of atleast one of the base units while maintaining the feature; and arrangingthe counter units in an arrangement with a dimension formed by a greaternumber of mutually orthogonal unit axes than an arrangement of at leastone of the base units while maintaining the feature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such amethod may have the steps of: providing a smaller number of the counterunits than the base units of a single wave source; arranging suchcounter units while approximating an arrangement of all (or at least twobut not all) of the base units and while maintaining the feature;emitting the counter waves which are similar to the harmful waves due tothe arranging; and then disposing the counter unit in a location formatching the harmful waves in the target space with the counter waves,thereby countering the harmful waves by the counter waves therein. Suchproviding and arranging may be replaced by the steps of: providing asmaller number of the counter units than the base units of at least twodifferent wave sources; and arranging such counter units whileapproximating an arrangement of all (or at least two but not all) of thebase units and while maintaining the feature. Such providing andarranging may also be replaced by the steps of: providing a greaternumber of the counter units than the base units of a single wave source;and arranging the counter units while disposing at least two of suchcounter units around at least one of the base units and whilemaintaining the feature. Such providing and arranging may also bereplaced by the steps of: providing a greater number of the counterunits than the base units of at least two different wave sources; andarranging the counter units while disposing at least two of the counterunits around at least one of the base units and while maintaining thefeature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing at least one counter unitcapable of emitting counter electromagnetic waves; configuring thecounter unit to move with respect to at least one of the base units;emitting such counter waves by the counter unit; finding a relationbetween a distance between the counter unit and at least one of the baseunits and matching between the counter and harmful waves; assessing alocation in which the counter waves best match the harmful waves; andthen moving the counter unit to the location to match the harmful wavesin the target space with the counter waves, thereby countering theharmful waves by the counter waves therein.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting therefrom counter electromagnetic waves and matching suchharmful waves therewith and by suppressing the harmful waves by thecounter waves from propagating to a target space and/or canceling theharmful waves with the counter waves in the target space, where the wavesource includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels each of which iselectrically coupled to the cathode and anode, an electric component ofthe EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the system, where thebase units are arranged to represent only portions of the wave sourcewhich are responsible for irradiating the harmful waves and/or affectingpaths of propagation of the harmful waves therethrough, where the targetspace is defined between an user of the system and at least one of thebase units, where the counter waves are arranged to define at least onefirst wavefront during their propagation, where the harmful waves defineat least one second wavefront during their propagation, and where theEMC system includes at least one screen which is made up of the pixelsand also displays a visual image thereon by manipulating the pixels withthe cathode and anode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: the first providing; disposing the counter unitalong at least a portion of the second wavefront of such harmful wavesirradiated from only one of the base units; and then emitting thecounter waves while matching at least a portion of the second wavefrontwith at least a portion of the first wavefront in the target space dueto such disposing, thereby countering the harmful waves with suchcounter waves therein. Such disposing may be replaced by one of thesteps of: disposing the counter unit along at least a portion of thesecond wavefront of the harmful waves irradiated by all (or at least twobut not all) of such base units; disposing the counter unit along atleast a portion of the second wavefront of the harmful waves irradiatedby at least one of the base units of a single wave source; and disposingthe counter unit along at least a portion of the second wavefront of theharmful waves irradiated by at least two of the base units of at leasttwo different wave sources.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; configuring thecounter unit to match a shape and/or arrangement thereof with a shapeand/or arrangement of the first wavefront; disposing the counter unitalong (or across) at least a portion of the second wavefront; andemitting such counter waves while matching at least a portion of thesecond wavefront with at least a portion of the first wavefront in thetarget space due to such configuring and disposing, thereby counteringthe harmful waves by the counter waves therein. The above configuringand disposing may also be replaced by the steps of: configuring thecounter unit to define a shape and/or arrangement at least partiallydifferent from (or not conforming to) at least one of a shape and anarrangement of the first wavefront; and then disposing the counter unitacross (or along) at least two different and spaced apart portions ofthe second wavefront.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; disposing multiplecounter units in an arrangement along at least a portion of the secondwavefront; configuring the counter units to match its arrangement withan arrangement of the first wavefront; and then emitting such counterwaves while aligning at least a portion of the second wavefront with atleast a portion of the first wavefront in the target space due to suchdisposing and configuring, thereby countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves therein. The disposing and configuring may also bereplaced by the steps of: disposing multiple counter units in anarrangement across (or along) at least two different portions of thesecond wavefront; and configuring the counter units to mismatch thearrangement thereof with an arrangement of the first wavefront.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; placing the counterunit between the target space and at least one of such base units;comparing a shorter radius of curvature of the first wavefront to alonger radius of curvature of the second wavefront; and then disposingthe counter unit in a location of the target space where the radii ofcurvature of the first and second wavefronts best match each other,thereby countering such harmful waves with the counter waves therein.Such placing and comparing may be replaced by the steps of: placing thecounter unit on an opposite side of the target space with respect to atleast one of the base units; and then comparing a longer radius ofcurvature of the first wavefront to a shorter radius of curvature of thesecond wavefront.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; configuring thecounter unit to move relative to at least one of such base units;finding a relation between a distance between the counter unit and atleast one of the base units and matching between radii of curvature ofthe first and second wavefronts; assessing a location where the firstand second wavefronts match each other; and then moving the counter unitto the location for matching the harmful waves in the target space withthe counter waves, thereby countering such harmful waves with thecounter waves therein.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves from at least one counter unitof such a system and propagating the counter waves in a preset directiontoward the harmful waves, where the wave source includes an anode, acathode, multiple pixels each electrically coupled to the anode andcathode, an electric component of the system, and/or an electroniccomponent of thereof, where the base units are arranged to include onlyportions of the wave source responsible for irradiating the harmfulwaves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmful wavestherethrough, where such a target space is defined between an user ofthe system and at least one of the base units, and where the systemincludes at least one screen made up of the pixels and displays a visualimage thereon by manipulating the pixels with the anode and cathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: configuring the counter waves to define shapessimilar to those of the harmful waves and to have at least partiallyopposite phase angles (the “first configuring” hereinafter); enclosingat least a portion of at least one of the base units by (or in) at leasta portion of the counter unit; and emitting such counter waves whileenclosing the harmful waves in the target space, thereby countering theharmful waves with the counter waves therein. The above enclosing mayalso be replaced by the step of: disposing multiple counter units aroundat least one of the base units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first configuring; disposing at leasta portion of the counter unit inside at least one of such base units;and emitting the counter waves while being enclosed by the harmful wavesin the target space, thereby countering the harmful waves by the counterwaves therein. The disposing may be replaced by the step of: enclosingat least a portion of the counter unit by at least two of the baseunits.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first configuring; disposing thecounter unit lateral to at least one of the base units; and emitting thecounter waves to the target space along with the harmful waves, therebycountering the harmful waves with the counter waves therein. Suchdisposing may also be replaced by one of the steps of: disposing thecounter unit along a longitudinal axis of at least one of such baseunits and also away therefrom; and enclosing at least a portion of oneof the counter unit and at least one of the base units by another of theunits.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first configuring; aligning thecounter unit in a direction of propagation of such harmful waves; andemitting the counter waves to the target space along with the harmfulwaves, thereby countering the harmful waves by the counter wavestherein. Such aligning may be replaced by one of the steps of: aligningthe counter unit along a direction of electric current and/or voltageapplied to at least one of the base units; aligning the counter unitwith a longitudinal axis of at least one of the base units; and aligningthe counter unit with a short axis of at least one of the base units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first configuring; disposing thecounter unit between at least one of such base units and target space;emitting by the counter unit the counter waves with amplitudes less thanthose of the harmful waves; and propagating the counter waves toward thetarget space along with the harmful waves, thereby countering theharmful waves with the counter waves therein. Such disposing andemitting may be replaced by the steps of: disposing the counter unit onan opposite side of the target space with respect to at least one of thebase units; and emitting by the counter unit with the counter wavesdefining amplitudes greater than those of the harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first configuring; disposing thecounter unit between at least one of such base units and target space;extending the counter unit to a width greater than that of at least oneof the base units along a direction normal to a direction of propagationof the harmful waves; and emitting such counter waves toward the targetspace along with the harmful waves, thereby countering the harmful wavesby the counter waves therein. Such disposing and extending may bereplaced by the steps of: disposing the counter unit on an opposite sideof the target space with respect to at least one of the base units; andextending the counter unit to a width less than that of at least one ofsuch base units along a direction normal to a direction of propagationof the harmful waves.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves and by canceling the harmfulwaves by the counter waves in a target space and/or suppressing theharmful waves by the counter waves from propagating to the target space,where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels eachof which is electrically coupled to both of the anode and cathode, anelectric component of the EMC system, and/or an electronic component ofthe system, where the base units are arranged to include only portionsof the wave source which a responsible for irradiating such harmfulwaves and/or affecting propagation paths of the harmful wavestherethrough, where such a target space is defined between an user ofthe system and at least one of the base units, and where such a systemincludes at least one screen which is made up of the pixels and alsodisplays a visual image thereon by manipulating the pixels with theanode and cathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: providing a single counter unit for emitting thecounter waves; the first configuring; and countering the harmful waveswhich are irradiated from only one of the base units by the counterwaves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing a single counter unit foremitting the counter waves; the first configuring; and countering a sumof the harmful waves irradiated from all (or at least two but not all)of the base units of a single wave source with the counter waves. Suchcountering may be replaced by the step of: countering a sum of theharmful waves irradiated by all (or at least two but not all) of thebase units of at least two different wave sources with the counterwaves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing multiple counter units foremitting the counter waves; the first configuring; and countering theharmful waves which are irradiated from only one of the base units by asum of all of the counter waves emitted by all of the counter units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing multiple counter units foremitting the counter waves the first configuring; and countering a sumof the harmful waves irradiated from all (or at least two but not all)of the base units of a single wave source with a sum of the counterwaves emitted from at least two of such counter units. Such counteringmay be replaced by the step of: countering a sum of the harmful wavesirradiated from all (or at least two but not all) of the base units ofat least two different wave sources with a sum of the counter wavesemitted from at least two of the counter units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing at least two counter units foremitting the counter waves; configuring at least one of the counterunits to move with respect to the other thereof; the first configuring;and moving such at least one of the counter units relative to at leastone of the base units in the emitting, thereby countering the harmfulwaves irradiated by only one of the base units by the counter wavesemitted from a different number of the counter units.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves toward such harmful waves,where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels eachof which electrically couples with the anode and cathode, an electriccomponent of the EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the EMCsystem, where the base unit is arranged to be shaped as at least onecurvilinear wire which is a part of a network of multiple wires, andwhere the system includes at least one screen made up of the pixels atleast one of which electrically couples with the wire and then displaysa visual image thereon by manipulating the wire.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counter unitinto a wire, strip, and/or sheet; disposing the counter unit along andclose to the wire; and supplying electric energy to the base unit of thewire and counter unit in opposite directions while emitting the counterwaves by the counter unit for countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves (the “first supplying” hereinafter). Such disposing may bereplaced by the step of: braiding the counter unit around and close tothe wire.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing multiple counter units each ofwhich is shaped as a wire, strip, and/or sheet; disposing the counterunits around and also close to the wire; and the first supplying. Theabove disposing may be also replaced by the step of: braiding each ofthe counter units around and close to the wire in the same or differentdirections.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counterunit into at least one coil and/or spiral; winding the counter unitaround the wire; and the first supplying. Such shaping and winding maybe replaced by the steps of: shaping the counter unit into a sheetand/or a mesh; and winding the counter unit around the wire. Suchshaping and winding may instead be replaced by the steps of: shaping thecounter unit into an annular tube with a lumen; and disposing the wireinside the lumen of the counter unit.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: identifying multiple wavefronts of suchharmful waves defined around the wire; disposing at least one counterunit along at least one of the wavefronts; and emitting by such acounter unit the counter waves of multiple wavefronts similar (oridentical) to the wavefronts of the wire, thereby countering the harmfulwaves with the counter waves.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves toward such harmful waves,where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels eachof which electrically couples with the anode and cathode, an electriccomponent of the EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the EMCsystem, where the base unit is arranged to be shaped into at least onecurvilinear strip which is included in a network of multiple the strips,and where the EMC system includes at least one screen made up of thepixels at least one of which electrically couples with such a strip anddisplays a visual image thereon by manipulating strip wire.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counter unit asa wire, a strip, and/or a sheet; and supplying electric energy to thebase unit of the strip (or sheet) and counter unit in oppositedirections while emitting the counter waves by the counter unit in orderto counter the harmful waves by the counter waves (the “secondsupplying” hereinafter). Such shaping may be replaced by one of thesteps of: disposing the counter unit along and close to the strip (orsheet); and braiding the counter unit around and close to the strip (orsheet).

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: providing multiple counter units each ofwhich is shaped into a wire, strip, and/or sheet; disposing the counterunits around and close to the strip (or sheet); and the secondsupplying. Such disposing may be replaced by the step of: braiding eachcounter unit around and close to the strip (or sheet) in one of same anddifferent directions.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counterunit into at least one coil and/or spiral; winding the counter unitaround the strip (or sheet); and the second supplying. The shaping andwinding may be replaced by the steps of: shaping the counter unit into asheet and/or a mesh; and winding such a counter unit around the strip(or sheet). Such shaping and winding may be replaced by the steps of:shaping the counter unit as a pair of strips (or sheets); and disposingthe wire between the strips (or sheets).

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: identifying multiple wavefronts of theharmful waves around the strip (or sheet); disposing at least onecounter unit along at least one of the wavefronts; and emitting from thecounter unit such counter waves of multiple wavefronts similar (oridentical) to such wavefronts of the strip (or sheet), therebycountering the harmful waves with the counter waves.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method may be provided soas to counter harmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bymultiple base units of at least one wave source of an EMC display systemby emitting counter electromagnetic waves toward such harmful waves,where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels eachof which is electrically coupled to the anode and cathode, an electriccomponent of the EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the EMCsystem, where the base unit is arranged to be shaped as at least onecurvilinear coil included in a network of at least two coils, and wherethe EMC system includes at least one screen made up of such pixels atleast one of which is electrically coupled to the coil and displays avisual image thereon by manipulating the coil.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, a methodmay have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counter unit asa toroid by disposing opposing ends of the coil close to each other;supplying the electric energy in the coil; and supplying electric energyto the wave source of the coil and counter unit in opposite directionswhile emitting the counter waves by the counter unit for countering theharmful waves by the counter waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counterunit as a wire, a strip, and/or a spiral which is smaller than the coilof the base unit; winding the coil of the base unit around the counterunit; and then the fourth supplying. Such shaping and winding may bereplaced by the steps of: shaping the counter unit as another coilsmaller than the coil of the base unit; and then winding the coil of thebase unit around the counter unit.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: the first providing; shaping the counterunit as another coil; disposing the coils of the counter and base unitsadjacent to each other; and the fourth supplying. Such disposing may bereplaced by the step of: braiding the coils of the counter and baseunits.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, amethod may have the steps of: identifying multiple wavefronts of theharmful waves formed around the coil; disposing at least one counterunit along at least one of the wavefronts; and emitting by the counterunit the counter waves of multiple wavefronts which are similar oridentical to the wavefronts of the tube, thereby countering the harmfulwaves with the counter waves.

Embodiments of such method aspects of the present invention may includeone or more of the following features, and configurational and/oroperational variations and/or modifications of the above methods alsofall within the scope of the present invention.

Such countering may include the step of: suppressing and/or cancelingthe harmful waves by the counter waves while minimizing adverse effectsfrom the countering upon actuating operations of the actuator of thesystem. Such countering may include one of the steps of: countering theharmful waves irradiated by the base units of only one of such wavesources; countering the harmful waves irradiated by the base units of atleast two but not all of the wave sources; and countering the harmfulwaves irradiated by the base units of all of the wave sources. Suchcountering may include at least one of the steps of: suppressing atleast a portion of the harmful waves from propagating toward the targetspace with the counter waves; and canceling the portion of the harmfulwaves by the counter waves in the target space.

The countering may also include at least one of the steps of: counteringthe harmful waves of frequencies less than about 50 Hz to 60 Hz;countering the harmful waves of frequencies less than about 300 Hz;countering the harmful waves of frequencies less than about 1 kHz, andthe like. The countering may include at least one of the steps of:countering the harmful waves of frequencies less than about 10 kHz;countering the harmful waves of frequencies less than about 100 kHz;countering the harmful waves having frequencies less than about 1 MHz,10 MHz, 100 MHz, 1 GHz, 10 GHz, 100 GHz, 1 THz, and the like. Thecountering may also include at least one of the steps of: countering theharmful waves in only a portion of one of such frequency ranges whilepreserving the rest thereof; countering magnetic waves of the harmfulwaves; and/or countering an entire portion of the harmful waves. Theaffecting may include at least one of the steps of: including apermanent magnet and/or a highly magnetically permeable material;applying the electric voltage; and flowing the electric current.

Such extending may include one of the steps of: lengthening the counterunit along its length; widening the counter unit along its width, andthe like. The providing may include at least one of the steps of:forming the counter unit into a shape of a wire, a strip, a sheet, atube, a coil, a spiral, and a mesh; forming the counter unit into one ofa mixture of the shapes, a combination of the shapes, and an array ofthe shapes, and the like. The forming may include at least one of thesteps of: enclosing at least a portion of at least one of the base unitswith an array (or a bundle) of multiple wires of the counter unit;enclosing the portion of at least one of the base units by an array (orbundle) of multiple strips of the counter unit; enclosing therein theportion of at least one of the base units by an array (or bundle) ofmultiple sheets of the counter unit; enclosing the portion of at leastone of the base units by an array (or bundle) of multiple tubes of thecounter unit; winding with at least one coil of the counter unit aboutthe portion of at least one of the base units; winding the portion of atleast one of the base units by an array (or bundle) of multiple coils;enclosing the portion of at least one of the base units by at least oneannular mesh of the counter unit, and the like. The forming the counterunit may include at least one of the steps of: extending a single wirefor at least a portion of the counter unit; extending an array (orbundle) of multiple wires for the portion; extending a single strip forthe portion; extending an array (or bundle) of multiple strips for theportion; extending a single sheet therefor; extending an array (orbundle) of multiple sheets for such a portion; extending a single tubetherefor; extending a bundle (or array) of multiple tubes therefor;winding a single coil therefor; winding a bundle (or array) of multiplecoils therefor; extending a single annular mesh therefor; and extendingan array (or bundle) of multiple annular meshes therefor.

The providing may include one of the steps of: exposing the counter unitthrough the base unit; hiding the counter unit under (or inside) thebase unit, and the like. The providing may include at least one of thesteps of: fixedly disposing the counter unit; movably disposing thecounter unit, and so on. The providing may include one of the steps of:forming the base and counter units of a same material; forming the baseand counter units of different materials; including at least one but notall of materials in the base and counter units, and the like. Theproviding may include one of the steps of: arranging the base andcounter units to have similar (or identical) resonance frequencies;arranging the base and counter units to define different resonancefrequencies, and the like.

The disposing may include at least one of the steps of: disposing thecounter unit laterally (or side by side) with at least one of the baseunits; enclosing at least one of the counter and base units with anotherof the units; axially aligning the base and counter units, and the like.Such enclosing may include one of the steps of: disposing the counterunit indirectly over (or around) at least one of such base units;disposing the counter unit directly on and/or around at least one of thebase units, and the like. The enclosing may include at least one of thesteps of: arranging at least two of the counter units concentrically;electrically coupling the counter units in one of a series mode, aparallel mode, a hybrid mode, and the like. The aligning may alsoinclude one of the steps of: aligning the counter unit with thelongitudinal axis of at least one of the base units; aligning such acounter unit with the short axis of at least one of such base units;aligning the counter unit along the direction of the current flowing in(or voltage applied across) at least one of the base units, aligningsuch a counter unit with the direction of propagation of the harmfulwaves, and the like.

The configuring the counter unit may include at least one of the stepsof: controlling a shape of the counter unit; controlling a size thereof;and controlling an arrangement thereof. The defining such a secondwavefront may also include at least one of the steps of: forming thesecond wavefront with the harmful waves irradiated from only one of thebase units; forming the second wavefront with the harmful wavesirradiated from at least two but not all of the base units; forming thesecond wavefront with the harmful waves irradiated from all of the baseunits, and the like. The defining such a second wavefront may also haveat least one of the steps of: forming the second wavefront with theharmful waves irradiated from only one of the wave sources; forming thesecond wavefront with the harmful waves irradiated from at least two butnot all of such wave sources; forming the second wavefront with theharmful waves irradiated from all of the wave sources, and the like.Such configuring and/or arranging may be performed to the harmful wavesirradiated by only one of the base units, by at least two but not all ofthe base units, and/or by all of the base units. The configuring and/orarranging may be performed to the harmful waves irradiated by only oneof the wave sources, irradiated by at least two but not all of the wavesources, irradiated by all of the wave sources, and the like.

The disposing may include at least one of the steps of: controlling anorientation of the counter unit with respect to at least one of the baseunits (or target space); controlling an alignment of such a counter unitwith respect thereto; controlling a first distance between the counterunit and base unit (or target space); and controlling a second distancebetween the counter units. Such disposing may be performed to theharmful waves irradiated from only one of the base units, irradiatedfrom at least two but not all of the base units, irradiated by all ofthe base units, and the like. The disposing may be performed to theharmful waves irradiated from only one of the wave sources, irradiatedfrom at least two but not all of the wave sources, irradiated from allof the wave sources, and the like.

The emitting may also include one of the steps of: manipulating thephase angles of the counter waves to be at least similar (or identical)to those of the harmful waves when the counter and harmful wavespropagate in at least partially opposite directions; manipulating thephase angles of the counter waves to be at least opposite to those ofsuch harmful waves when the counter and harmful waves propagate along atleast similar directions; and manipulating the phase angles of thecounter waves to be transverse to those of the harmful waves when thecounter and harmful waves propagate along directions which may betransverse to each other. The emitting may include at least one of thesteps of: controlling amplitudes of the counter waves to be greater orless than those of the harmful waves when measured in the target space;manipulating such amplitudes of the counter waves to be similar oridentical to those of the harmful waves when measured at the base unit,and the like. The emitting may include at least one of the steps of:propagating the counter waves in the same direction as that of theharmful waves; propagating the counter waves in a direction differentfrom that of the harmful waves irradiated by each of base units butalong the same direction as that of a sum of such harmful waves from thebase units, and so on. The emitting may include the step of: controllingphase angles of the counter waves to be at least partially (orsubstantially) opposite to those of the harmful waves.

Such matching may include one of the steps of: matching the counterwaves with the harmful waves irradiated by only one of the base units;matching the counter waves with the harmful waves irradiated by at leasttwo but not all of such base units; matching the counter waves with theharmful waves irradiated by all of the base units, and the like. Suchmatching may include one of the steps of: matching the counter waveswith the harmful waves irradiated from only one of such wave sources;matching the counter waves with the harmful waves irradiated by at leasttwo but not all of the wave sources; and matching the counter waves withthe harmful waves irradiated by all wave sources.

The method may also include one of the steps of: flowing the current inan entire portion of the base unit; flowing the current in only aportion of the base unit; applying the voltage across an entire portionof the base unit; and applying the voltage across only a portion of thebase unit. The method may include one of the steps of: flowing thecurrent in a single direction through the base or counter units; flowingthe current in different directions along different portions of the baseor counter units; applying the voltage in a single direction through thebase or counter units; applying the voltage along different directionsalong different portions of the base or counter units, and the like. Themethod may include the step of: providing multiple base units for theharmful waves, and the flowing may include one of the steps of: flowingthe currents with the same amplitudes along a same direction in all ofthe base (or counter) units; flowing the currents of the same amplitudesin different directions along the base (or counter) units; flowing thecurrents of different amplitudes in the same direction in all of thebase (or counter) units; flowing the currents of different amplitudes indifferent directions in the base (or counter) units, and the like. Themethod may include the step of: providing multiple base units for theharmful waves, while the applying may include one of the steps of:applying the voltages of the same amplitudes along a same direction inall of the base (or counter) units; applying the voltages of the sameamplitudes in different directions along the base (or counter) units;applying the voltages of different amplitudes in the same direction inall of the base (or counter) units; applying the voltages of differentamplitudes in different directions in the base (or counter) units, andthe like.

Such flowings may include one of the steps of: flowing the currents ofthe same (or different) amplitudes in the counter unit; flowing in thecounter unit another current which may not be derived from the currentsupplied to the base unit but may have a temporal pattern at leastpartially similar to that of the current supplied to the base unit;flowing along the counter unit another current which may be derived notfrom the current to the base unit and may have a temporal patterndifferent from that of the current to the base unit, and the like. Theflowing such currents may include one of the steps of: flowing thecurrents in the base unit and in the counter unit; flowing such currentsin the counter unit and in the base unit; and flowing the currents atleast simultaneously in the base and counter units.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude therein at least one counter unit and at least one one wavesource including multiple base units and may be capable of counteringharmful electromagnetic waves which are irradiated by at least one ofthe base units of the wave source by emitting counter electromagneticwaves toward the harmful waves, by adjusting at least one configurationof the counter unit, and by suppressing the harmful waves with thecounter waves from propagating to a target space and canceling theharmful waves by the counter waves in the target space, where the wavesource includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels each of which iselectrically coupled to the anode and cathode, an electric component ofthe EMC system, and/or an electronic component of the system, where thebase units are arranged to include only portions of the wave sourceresponsible for irradiating such harmful waves and/or affecting paths ofpropagation of the harmful waves therethrough, where the target space isdefined between an user of the system and at least one of the baseunits, and where the system includes at least one screen made up of thepixels and displays a visual image thereon by manipulating the pixelsusing the anode and cathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging atleast one counter unit to have a width longer than that of the baseunit; disposing the counter unit between the wave source and user whilealigning its width with at least a portion of a wavefront of the harmfulwaves; configuring the counter unit to emit such counter waves definingwave characteristics similar to the harmful waves but having at leastpartially opposite phase angles thereto; and aligning the counter unitto propagate the counter waves toward the target space, therebycountering the harmful waves by the counter waves therein (to bereferred to as the “first aligning” hereinafter). Such arranging anddisposing may be replaced by the steps of: arranging at least onecounter unit to define a width narrower than the base unit; anddisposing the counter unit on an opposite side of the target space withrespect to the wave source while aligning its width with at least aportion of a wavefront of the harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: identifyingmultiple wavefronts of the harmful waves; configuring a single counterunit to emit the counter waves defining multiple wavefronts which havephase angles at least partially opposite to those of the harmful wavesand which are also capable of matching the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves when disposed at a preset distance from the base unit; disposingthe counter unit in the distance from the base unit; and the firstaligning.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: providing atleast two counter units; configuring such counter units to emit thecounter waves which define similar (or identical) phase angles and havea first set of multiple wavefronts each corresponding to a sum of atleast two wavefronts generated by the counter units; finding arelationship between a distance between such counter units and anincrease in a radius of curvature of each of the wavefronts of the firstset; identifying a second set of multiple wavefronts of the harmfulwaves; configuring the counter units to match the radii of curvature ofthe wavefronts of the first set with those of the wavefronts of thesecond set when disposed at preset distances from the base unit;disposing the counter units in the distances; and then the firstaligning. The above configuring and finding may also be replaced by thesteps of: configuring the counter units to emit the counter wavesdefining at least partially opposite phase angles and a first set ofmultiple wavefronts each corresponding to a sum of at least twowavefronts generated by the counter units; and finding a relationshipbetween a distance between the counter units and a decrease in a radiusof curvature of each of the wavefronts of the first set.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude therein at least one wave source with multiple base units andmay be capable of countering harmful electromagnetic waves which areirradiated by at least one of the base units of the wave source byemitting counter electromagnetic waves to the harmful waves, by matchingat least one feature of at least a portion of the system with that of atleast one of the base units, and by at least one of suppressing theharmful waves with the counter waves from propagating to a target spaceand canceling the harmful waves with such counter waves in the targetspace, where the wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiplepixels each of which electrically couples with the cathode and anode, anelectric component of the system, and/or an electronic component of thesystem, where such base units are arranged to include only thoseportions of the wave source responsible for irradiating the harmfulwaves and/or affecting therethrough propagation paths of the harmfulwaves, where the target space is defined between at least one of thebase units and an user of the system, and where aid system includes atleast one screen made up of the pixels and displays a visual imagetherein by manipulating the anode and cathode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging atleast one counter unit to match such a feature of the base unit;configuring the counter unit to emit the counter waves similar (oridentical) to the harmful waves due to the arranging but having phaseangles at least partially opposite to those of the harmful waves (to bereferred to as the “second countering” hereinafter); and the firstaligning. The above arranging may be replaced by one of the steps of:arranging at least one counter unit to define a configuration simplerthan that of the base unit while at least minimally maintaining thefeature; arranging at least one counter unit to define a configurationmore complex than that of the base unit while at least minimallymaintaining such a feature; arranging at least one counter unit to havea dimension defined by a less number of unit axes than the base unitwhile at least minimally maintaining the feature; and arranging at leastone counter unit to have a dimension which is defined by a greaternumber of unit axes than that of the base unit while at least minimallymaintaining the feature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging asingle counter unit to define a configuration simpler than that of asingle base unit while maintaining the feature; the second countering;and the first aligning. The above arranging may be replaced by one ofthe steps of: arranging a single counter unit to define a configurationsimilar (or identical) to an arrangement of multiple base units whilemaintaining such a feature; arranging a single counter unit to define adimension formed by less mutually orthogonal unit axes than anarrangement of multiple base units while maintaining the feature; andarranging a single counter unit to define a dimension formed by moremutually orthogonal unit axes than a dimension of multiple base unitswhile maintaining the feature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: providingmultiple counter units; arranging at least two of the counter units in aconfiguration simpler than that of a single base unit while maintainingthe feature; configuring the counter units to emit the counter wavessimilar to (or identical to) the harmful waves due to such arranging butto defining phase angles at least partially opposite to those of suchharmful waves; and aligning the counter units to propagate the counterwaves to the target space, thereby countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves therein. The above arranging may also be replaced by oneof the steps of: arranging at least two of the counter units in aconfiguration which is similar (or identical) to an arrangement ofmultiple base units while maintaining such a feature; arranging thecounter units in an arrangement defining a dimension which is formed byless mutually orthogonal unit axes than a dimension of a single baseunit while maintaining such a feature; and arranging the counter unitsin an arrangement defining a dimension formed by more mutuallyorthogonal unit axes than a dimension of multiple base units whilemaintaining the feature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: providing lesscounter units than such base units; approximating an arrangement of thebase units by the counter units while maintaining such a feature;configuring such counter units to emit the counter waves which aresimilar to (or identical to) the harmful waves due to the approximatingbut define phase angles at least partially opposite to those of theharmful waves; and aligning the counter units to propagate the counterwaves to the target space, thereby countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves therein. The above providing and approximating may also bereplaced by the steps of: providing more counter units for less baseunits; and approximating an arrangement of the base units by the counterunits while disposing at least two of the counter units around at leastone of the base units and maintaining the feature.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging atleast one counter unit to move with respect to the base unit;configuring the counter unit to emit the counter waves similar (oridentical) to the harmful waves but defining phase angles at leastpartially opposite to those of the harmful waves; finding a relationbetween a distance from the counter unit to the base units and an extentof matching between such counter and harmful waves; and then moving thecounter unit a location where the extent attains its maximum, therebycountering the harmful waves by the counter waves in the target space.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude therein at least one wave source with multiple base units andmay be capable of countering harmful electromagnetic waves which areirradiated by at least one of the base units of the wave source byemitting counter electromagnetic waves toward the harmful waves andmatching such harmful waves therewith, and by suppressing the harmfulwaves with such counter waves from propagating toward a target spaceand/or canceling the harmful waves with the counter waves in the targetspace, where such a wave source includes an anode, a cathode, multiplepixels each of which electrically couples to the anode and cathode, anelectric component of the system, and/or an electronic componentthereof, where the base units are arranged to include only portions ofthe source responsible for irradiating such harmful waves and/oraffecting propagation paths therethrough, where the target space isdefined between an user of the system and at least one of the baseunits, and where the system includes at least one screen made up of suchpixels and then displays a visual image thereon by manipulating thecathode and anode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: identifying afirst set of multiple wavefronts of such harmful waves; disposing atleast one counter unit along at least one of the wavefronts; configuringthe counter unit to emit the counter waves forming a second set ofmultiple wavefronts similar to (or identical to) the first set of thewavefronts in the target space due to the disposing; and the firstaligning.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: identifyingmultiple wavefronts of such harmful waves; configuring at least onecounter unit to emit the counter waves defining multiple wavefrontssimilar to a shape and/or an arrangement of the counter unit; disposingthe counter unit along at least one of the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves; and arranging the counter unit to emit such counter waves ofwhich wavefronts are aligned with those of the harmful waves in thetarget space based upon the configuring, thereby countering the harmfulwaves by the counter waves therein. The above configuring and disposingmay be replaced by the steps of: configuring at least one counter unitto emit the counter waves with multiple wavefronts different from atleast one of a shape and an arrangement of the counter unit; anddisposing such a counter unit across (or along) at least two of thewavefronts of the harmful waves based on the configuring.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: identifyingmultiple wavefronts of the harmful waves; disposing multiple counterunits in an arrangement along at least one of the wavefronts;configuring the counter units to emit such counter waves with multiplewavefronts similar to the arrangement of the counter units; andarranging the counter units to emit such counter waves of whichwavefronts are aligned with those of the harmful waves in the targetspace based on the configuring, thereby countering the harmful waves bythe counter waves therein. The above disposing and configuring may bereplaced by the steps of: disposing multiple counter units in anarrangement across (or along) at least two of the wavefronts; andconfiguring the counter units to emit the counter waves with multiplewavefronts different from the arrangement of the counter units.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: identifyingmultiple wavefronts of such harmful waves; configuring at least onecounter unit to emit such counter waves with multiple wavefronts eachdefining a radius of curvature; locating the counter unit between thebase unit and target space; comparing shorter radii of curvature of thewavefronts of such counter waves with longer radii of curvature of theharmful waves; and configuring the counter unit to be disposed in alocation where the radii of curvature of the wavefronts of the counterwaves are configured to match those of the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves in the target space, thereby countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves therein. The above locating and comparing may further bereplaced by the steps of: locating the counter unit on an opposite sideof the target space relative to the base unit; and comparing longerradii of curvature of the wavefronts of the counter waves to shorterradii of curvature of the harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging atleast one counter unit to move with respect to the base unit;configuring the counter unit to emit the counter waves similar (oridentical) to the harmful waves but have phase angles at least partiallyopposite to those of the harmful waves; finding a relationship between adistance between the counter and base units and matching between radiiof curvature of the counter waves and those of the harmful waves;assessing a location in which the wavefronts of the counter and harmfulwaves best match each other; and moving the counter unit to the locationfor best matching the harmful waves in the target space by such counterwaves, thereby countering the harmful waves by the counter wavestherein.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude therein at least one wave source with multiple base units andmay be capable of countering harmful electromagnetic waves which areirradiated from at least one of such base units of the wave source bycanceling the harmful waves in a target space and/or suppressing theharmful waves from propagating toward the target space, where the wavesource includes an anode, a cathode, multiple pixels each electricallycoupling with the anode and cathode, an electric component of the EMCsystem, and/or an electronic component thereof, where such base unitsare arranged to include only portions of the wave source responsible forirradiating the harmful waves and/or affecting therethrough propagationpaths of such harmful waves, where the target space is defined betweenat least one of the base units and an user of the system, and where theEMC system includes at least screen made up of the pixels and displays avisual image thereon by manipulating the cathode and anode.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, such asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging atleast one counter unit to have a shape which is identical (or similar)to the base unit and to emit counter electromagnetic waves, andconfiguring such counter waves to have phase angles at least partiallyopposite to those of the harmful waves, to define wave characteristicsat least partially similar to those of the harmful waves due to theshape and, therefore, to counter the harmful waves due to the oppositephase angles in the target space (to be referred to as the “thirdconfiguring” hereinafter).

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arranging asingle counter unit to define a shape of an 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog ofthe base unit and to emit counter electromagnetic waves; and the thirdcountering. Such arranging may be replaced by the step of: arranging asingle counter unit to define a shape of an 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analog ofat least two of multiple base units and to emit counter electromagneticwaves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, asystem may be made by a process including the steps of: arrangingmultiple counter units at least two of which are configured to defineshapes of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analogs of such a base unit and to emitcounter electromagnetic waves; and the third countering. The abovearranging may also be replaced by one of the steps of: arrangingmultiple counter units at least two of which are configured to defineshapes of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analogs of at least two but not all ofmultiple base units and then to emit counter electromagnetic waves; andarranging multiple counter units at least two of which are configured todefine shapes of 1-D (or 2-D, 3-D) analogs of each of multiple baseunits and to emit counter electromagnetic waves.

More product-by-process claims may be constructed by modifying theforegoing preambles of the apparatus and/or method claims and byappending thereonto such bodies of the apparatus and/or method claims.In addition, such process claims may include one or more of the abovefeatures of the apparatus and/or method claims of the present invention.

As used herein, the term “units” collectively refers to both of a “baseunit” and a “counter unit” of an electromagnetically-countered displaysystem of the present invention, where such a system is to beabbreviated as the “EMC display system,” the “EMC system,” or simply the“system” hereinafter. Such a classification between the “units” isprimarily based upon their intended functions. That is, the “base unit”represents various parts of such an “EMC display system” for performingvarious intended functions of the system such as, e.g., displaying thevisual image on its screen using its pixels, and so on. It isappreciated that all “base units” irradiate such harmful waves whileperforming the intended functions and that such “base units” are alwaysincorporated in the above EMC system and in various prior art devicesfor similar purposes. In contrary, the “counter unit” refers to thoseparts of the EMC system which are to accomplish countering functionssuch as, e.g., canceling at least a portion of the harmful waves in thetarget space and/or suppressing and/or preventing such a portion of theharmful waves from propagating toward the target space. When desirable,such a “counter unit” may also be arranged to perform various functionsintended for the “base unit” and, accordingly, serve as an extra “baseunit” which not only serves as one of the electrodes (or a part thereof)or one of the pixels but also performs the countering function. Withinthe scope of this invention, however, such an unit is to be deemed asthe “counter unit” throughout this description unless otherwisespecified. Based upon this context, the “base unit” is omnipresent inany prior art display panels and/or devices, whereas the “counter unit”is neither physically not functionally present in these prior artdevices.

The “base unit” is to be distinguished from a “wave source” within thescope of this invention. More particularly, the “wave source”collectively refers to portions of the EMC system irradiating suchharmful waves, whereas the “base unit” specifically refers only to theportions of the “wave source” which are directly responsible forirradiating the harmful waves and/or affecting propagation paths of theharmful waves. For example, the anode and cathode of the EMC displaysystem correspond to its “wave sources,” while the “base units” of theEMC system generally include, e.g., those wires and/or strips ofconductive materials. In addition, the pixels of the EMC display systemmay correspond to the “wave source,” while portions of the pixels inwhich the source electric current flows and/or across which the sourceelectric voltage is applied correspond to its “base units.” Furthermore,other electric and/or electronic parts of the EMC display system maycorrespond to such “wave sources,” whereas various electric and/orelectronic components of such parts may serve as their “base units.” Abody, a case, and a coupler of the EMC system, however, may qualify asportions of such “wave sources” but may not qualify as the “base units,”for these parts neither irradiate the harmful waves nor affect thepropagation paths of such harmful waves. Therefore, a shape of the “wavesource” is different from that of the “base unit,” where the “base unit”may define the shape simpler or more complex than that of the “wavesource.” However, the “base unit” is generally deemed as a subset of the“wave source” and, therefore, the “base unit” almost always defines asize which is smaller than or at most equal to that of its “wavesource.”

It is appreciated that various counter units of this invention may beincluded in various display panels and/or various display devices withsuch panels. Accordingly, such panels and/or devices may be respectivelyconverted into the EMC display panels and/or EMC display systems byvarious counter units. For the EMC display panels, their main intendedfunctions are to display the visual image on their screen, where theirwaves sources and their base units have been enumerated above. For theEMC display systems, however, their intended functions include not onlygenerating such visual images on their screens but also generating audiosignals accompanying such images. Accordingly, the wave sources of theseEMC systems may include various speakers in addition to those of the EMCdisplay panels, where not only the details of the speakers and theirwaves sources but also various counter units therefor have beendisclosed in the above co-pending Applications. Unless otherwisespecified, the EMC display system includes therein its EMC display panelwithin the scope of this invention.

As used herein, the term “configuration” collectively refers a shape,size, and/or arrangement, while the term “disposition” collectivelyincludes orientation, alignment, and/or distance. Accordingly, the“configuration” of the (counter or base) unit may refer to the shape ofthe unit, the size of the unit, and/or arrangement of the unit withrespect to the other of the base and counter units. Similarly, the“disposition” of the unit may refer to the orientation and/or alignmentof such a unit with respect to the other of the base and counter units,to the target space, to a direction of propagation of the harmful orcounter waves, to a direction of the electric current flowing in orvoltage applied across such a unit or the other of the base and counterunits, and the like. The “disposition” of the unit may also refer to thedistance to the other of the base and counter units therefrom, to thetarget space, and the like. When the system include multiple counterunits, the “disposition” thereof may include the distance between atleast two of such counter units.

Within the scope of the present invention, the term “wire” collectivelyrefers to an article with a shape of a wire, a fiber, a filament, a rod,and/or a strand, and shapes of any other similarly elongated articleseach of which may be straight or curved (i.e., curvilinear), and each ofwhich may be formed into a loop, a coil, a roll, a spiral, a mesh, andthe like. The term “strip” collectively refers to an article with ashape of a strip, a bar, a pad, and/or a tape, and shapes of any otherplanar or curved articles with large aspect ratios (i.e., ratios oflengths to widths or heights), each of which may be arranged straight orcurved, each of which may be arranged in a two- or three-dimensionalconfiguration, each of which may be arranged into a loop, a coil, aroll, a spiral, a mesh, and the like. In addition, the term “sheet”collectively refers to an article with a shape of a sheet, a slab, afoil, a film, a plate, and/or a layer, and shapes of any other articleswhich are wider than the “strip,” each of which may be planar (i.e.,two-dimensional or 2-D) or curved (i.e., three-dimensional or 3-D), eachof which may be formed in a segment, a roll, and the like. The term“tube” collectively refers to an article which may define any of theshapes described hereinabove and to be described hereinafter and formingat least one lumen therethrough. Such a “tube” may be arranged straightor curved, may be arranged into a loop, a coil, a roll, a spiral, amesh, and the like. The term “coil” collectively refers to an articledefining a shape of a helix and/or a spring, and shapes of any otherarticles winding around an object along a longitudinal or short axis ofsuch an object at a constant distance from the object, and the like. The“coil” may be arranged straight or curved, may also be arranged into aloop (such as a toroid), a coil, a roll, a spiral, a mesh, and the like.The term “spiral” collectively refers to an article defining a shape ofanother helix and/or spring which may, however, expand or shrink alongthe longitudinal or short axis of an object, and shapes of any otherarticles winding around such an object at varying distances, and thelike. It is appreciated that a planar “spiral” may be formed on a singlecurvilinear plane which is normal to the longitudinal or short axis ofthe object. The term “mesh” collectively refers to an article with ashape a mesh, a net, a screen, a quilt, a fabric, and/or a garment, andshapes of any other articles which may be formed into a networkingstructure, a woven structure, an interwoven structure, and the like. Theterm “bundle” collectively refers to an article defining a shape of twoor more of the same or different elongated shapes which are aligned sideby side or laterally in such a manner that a cross-section of the“bundle” or a “bundled article” may include at least two of such shapestherein. The term “braid” collectively refers to an article with a shapeof two or more of the same of different elongated shapes which arebraided in such a manner that the “braid” or a “braided article” mayconsist of at least two of such shapes in a cross-section normal to alongitudinal and/or short axis thereof, where examples of such articlesmay include, but not be limited to, a thread, a yarn, any other articlesmade by prior art braiding techniques, and the like. It is to beunderstood that at least a portion of each of such articles formedaccording to the above terms in this paragraph may be arranged to besolid, hollow or porous such as, e.g., a foam, a sponge, and the like.It is also appreciated that each of such articles formed according tothe foregoing terms of this paragraph may be arranged to include (ordefine) at least one hole, gap or opening.

Similarly and as used herein, the term “mixture” collectively refers toa liquid, a solution, a sol, a gel, an emulsion, a suspension, a slurry,and/or a powder, each of which may include therein multiple particles,particulates, grains, granules, filings, fragments, and/or pellets eachof which may also have shapes of spheres, ellipsoids, cylinders, flakes,“wires,” “strips,” and the like, and each of which may be in a range ofmillimeters, microns or nanometers. When appropriate, such a “mixture”may include at least one solvent, at least one chemically, electrically,and/or magnetically inert filler for the purpose of providing mechanicalstrength and/or integrity thereto, and so on.

In addition, the term “combination” refers to a collection of differentshapes examples of which may include, but not be limited to, the abovewire, strip, sheet, tube, coil, spiral, mesh, their braid, and theirbundle. The term “array” similarly refers to the collection of suchshapes. However, the “array” refers to the “collection” which inaddition forms multiple holes or openings therethrough.

As used herein, the terms “axial,” “radial,” and “angular” will be usedin reference to a center axis of the system. Based thereupon, the term“axial direction” refers to a direction along the center axis of thesystem, while the term “radial direction” means another direction whichis normal to such an “axial direction” and, therefore, which representsa direction extending away and outwardly from the center of the system.It is appreciated that such a “radial direction” may be other directionswhich extend away and outwardly from the center of the system and may betransverse but not necessarily perpendicular to the “axial direction.”The term “angular direction” refers to another direction revolving aboutthe “axial direction” in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner.

It is appreciated that definitions related to various electric andmagnetic shields of this invention are similar to those as have beenprovided in the aforementioned co-pending Applications. Therefore, suchdefinitions are deleted herein for simplicity of illustration.

Unless otherwise defined in the following specification, all technicaland scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonlyunderstood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the presentinvention belongs. Although the methods or materials equivalent orsimilar to those described herein can be used in the practice or in thetesting of the present invention, the suitable methods and materials aredescribed below. All publications, patent applications, patents, and/orother references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in theirentirety. In case of any conflict, the present specification, includingdefinitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, andexamples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

Additional aspects and/or advantages of the invention will be set forthin part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obviousfrom the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects and advantages of the invention will becomeapparent and more readily appreciated from the following description ofthe embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings ofwhich:

FIGS. 1A to 1F are top views of various prior art display units eachincluding multiple pixels and electrodes supplying electrical energythereto;

FIGS. 2A to 2F are top schematic views of exemplary electromagneticcountering mechanisms in each of which a single counter unit emitscounter waves to counter harmful waves irradiated by a single base unitof a single wave source according to the present invention;

FIGS. 2G to 2L are top schematic views of exemplary electromagneticcountering mechanisms in each of which multiple counter units emitcounter waves to counter harmful waves irradiated by a single base unitof a single wave source according to the present invention;

FIGS. 3A to 3O are schematic cross-sectional views of exemplary counterunits incorporated into pixels of EMC display systems and operatingbased on a local countering mechanism according to the presentinvention;

FIGS. 4A to 4F are schematic top views of exemplary counter units whichare incorporated to pixels of various EMC display systems andpreferentially operating in a global countering mechanism according tothe present invention; and

FIGS. 5A to 5F are schematic top views of exemplary counter unitsincorporated into pixels of various EMC display systems while alsofunctioning as such pixels according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of thepresent invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elementsthroughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain thepresent invention by referring to the figures.

The present invention relates to an electromagnetically-countereddisplay system with at least one wave source irradiating harmfulelectromagnetic waves and at least one counter unit for emitting counterelectromagnetic waves and for countering the harmful waves by thecounter waves, e.g., by canceling at least a portion of the harmfulwaves with the counter waves in a target space and/or by suppressing theharmful waves with such counter waves from propagating toward the targetspace. More particularly, the present invention relates to counter unitsfor the electromagnetically-countered display systems and to variousmechanisms for countering the harmful waves irradiated by various baseunits of the wave source with the counter units. Accordingly, thecounter unit may be shaped, sized, and/or arranged for matching itsconfiguration with that of at least one of the base units of the wavesource, thereby emitting such counter waves which automatically matchwave characteristics of the harmful waves. In the alternative, thecounter unit may be shaped, sized, and/or disposed in an arrangementwhich is defined along one or more wavefronts of such harmful waves,thereby emitting the counter waves automatically matching wavecharacteristics of such harmful waves. The present invention alsorelates to various counter units provided as analogs of at least one ofthe base units of the wave source, where the analog approximates (orsimplifies) at least one of the base units which is more complex thanthe counter unit, where the three- or two-dimensional base unit issimplified (or approximated) as the two- or one-dimensional analog, andthe like. The present invention also relates to multiple counter unitssimpler than at least one of such base units but disposed in anarrangement approximating such a shape and/or arrangement of the baseunit. The present invention also relates to the counter unit which maybe shaped and/or sized according to the configuration of at least one ofthe base units and disposition thereof. In addition, the presentinvention relates to various countering modes where a single counterunit may counter a single base unit or all (or at least two but not all)of multiple base units, where multiple counter units may counter asingle base unit, a greater number of the base units or a less number ofmultiple units, and the like. The present invention further relates tovarious electric and/or magnetic shields which may be used either aloneor in conjunction with at least one of the counter units to minimizeirradiation of the harmful waves by at least one of the base units.

The present invention relates to various methods of countering suchharmful waves irradiated by various base units of multiple wave sourcesof the EMC display system by the counter waves by the source or wavematchings. More particularly, the present invention relates to variousmethods of forming the counter unit as an analog of at least one of thebase units and emitting the counter waves matching such harmful waves,various methods of approximating at least one of the base units by thesimpler counter unit for the countering, and various methods ofapproximating at least one of the base units by multiple simpler counterunits. The present invention relates to various methods of disposing thecounter unit along the wavefronts of the harmful waves and emitting thecounter waves matching the wavefronts of the harmful waves, and variousmethods of disposing multiple counter units along the wavefronts of theharmful waves and emitting the counter waves with the counter unitsmatching the wavefronts. The present invention also relates to variousmethods of adjusting the wavefronts of the counter waves by disposingthe counter unit closer to and/or farther away from the target spacewith respect to at least one of the base units, various methods ofcontrolling radii of curvature of such wavefronts of the counter wavesby incorporating one or multiple counter units emitting such waves withthe same or opposite phase angles, and various methods of manipulatingsuch wavefronts of the counter waves by disposing one or multiplecounter units of the shape similar to or different from that of at leastone of the base units. The present invention also relates to variousmethods of countering the harmful waves irradiated from a single ormultiple base units with the counter waves emitted by a single ormultiple counter units. Accordingly, the present invention also relatesto various methods of emitting the counter waves by a single counterunit to counter the harmful waves irradiated by one or more base unitsand various methods of emitting the counter waves emitted from two ormore counter units for countering such harmful waves irradiated from asingle or multiple base units. In addition, the present invention alsorelates to various methods of minimizing irradiation of such harmfulwaves by incorporating the electric shields, by incorporating themagnetic shields, by incorporating one or both of such shields inconjunction with the above counter units, and the like.

The present invention further relates to various processes for providingvarious counter units for such EMC display systems and various EMCsystems incorporating therein one or multiple counter units. Moreparticularly, the present invention relates to various processes forproviding such counter units capable of emitting the counter wavesdefining such wavefronts similar to (or different from) the shapes ofthe counter units, various processes for forming the counter units asthe above analogs of at least one of such base units, various processesfor providing the counter units emitting the counter waves having thesimilar or opposite phase angles, various processes for providing thecounter units defining the wavefronts shaped similar to such harmfulwaves, and various processes for disposing the counter units in a presetarrangement and emitting thereby the counter waves of the wavefrontssimilar to such an arrangement. The present invention also relates tovarious processes for assigning a single counter unit in order tocounter the harmful waves irradiated by a single base unit for the localcountering or to counter the harmful waves irradiated by multiple baseunits for the global countering, various processes for assigningmultiple counter units to counter the harmful waves irradiated from asingle base unit for the global countering, and to counter the harmfulwaves irradiated by multiple base units for the local and/or globalcountering depending on numbers of the counter and base units. Thepresent invention also relates to various processes for including suchelectric and/or magnetic shields for minimizing the irradiation of theharmful waves and various processes for minimizing the irradiation ofsuch harmful waves by employing such shields and/or the above counterunits.

The basic principle of the counter units of the EMC display systems ofthe present invention is to emit the counter waves defining thewavefronts similar (or identical) to those of the harmful waves butdefining the phase angles at least partially opposite to those of theharmful waves. Therefore, by propagating the counter waves toward thetarget space, the counter waves may effectively counter the harmfulwaves in the target space by, e.g., canceling at least a portion of theharmful waves with the counter waves therein, suppressing the harmfulwaves with the counter waves from propagating theretoward, and the like.To this end, such counter units preferably emit the counter wavesdefining the wavefronts matching those of the harmful waves by variousmechanisms. In one example, such counter units are shaped similar (oridentical) to at least one of the base units of the waves sources, orarranged similar (or identical) to the base unit and, accordingly, emitthe counter waves capable of countering the harmful waves in the targetspace. In another example, the counter units are disposed along oracross a single or multiple wavefronts of the harmful waves, emit thecounter waves similar (or identical) to the harmful waves and,therefore, counter the harmful waves in the target space. In theseexamples, the counter units emit the counter waves forming thewavefronts similar (or identical) to the shapes of the counter unitsthemselves, and those counter waves define the phase angles at leastpartially opposite to the phase angles of the harmful waves. In anotherexample, such counter units are shaped differently from at least one ofthe base units, but rather disposed in an arrangement in which thecounter waves emitted thereby match the harmful waves in the targetspace. In another example, the counter units are disposed acrossdifferent wavefronts of such harmful waves but emit the counter wavessimilar (or identical) to the harmful waves, thereby, countering theharmful waves in the target space. In these last two examples, thecounter units may be arranged to emit the counter waves defining suchwavefronts which may or may not be similar (or identical) to the shapesof the counter units themselves, while the counter waves have the phaseangles which are at least partially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves.

The basic principle of various generic counter units of the EMC displaysystem of the present invention may be implemented to variousconventional devices for minimizing irradiation of the harmful wavestherefrom. For example, the counter units may be implemented to any baseunits of electrically conductive wires, coils, and/or sheets of the EMCdisplay system or, alternatively, to any electrically semiconductiveand/or insulative wires, coils, and/or sheets of the EMC display systemfor minimizing the irradiation of the harmful waves by countering theharmful waves by the counter waves, e.g., by canceling at least aportion of the harmful waves in the target space and/or suppressing suchharmful waves from propagating to the target space, where the counterunits may be made of and/or include at least one electricallyconductive, insulative or semiconductive material. Such counter unitsmay be implemented to any of the base units of the shapes which may beformed by including one or multiple wires, coils, and/or sheets, bymodifying such shapes of one or multiple wires, coils, and/or sheets,where a few examples of the modified shapes may include a solenoid andtoroid each of which may be formed by modifying the shape of the coil.Therefore, such counter units may be implemented into various displayunits of the EMC systems such as cathode ray tube display units, liquidcrystal display units, organic and/or inorganic light emitting displayunits, plasma display units, and other display units which includemultiple pixels and is also capable of emitting visible light rays whensupplied with the source electrical energy.

It is appreciated that various counter units of such EMC display systemsof this invention may be implemented to any display devices eachincluding at least one of the base units and, accordingly, may irradiatesuch harmful waves including electric waves (to be abbreviated as “EWs”hereinafter) and magnetic waves (to be abbreviated as “MWs” hereinafter)of frequencies ranging about 50 to 60 Hz and/or other EWs and MWs ofhigher frequencies. It is appreciated that the EMC display systems ofthis invention may also be incorporated to any display devices and/orunits of portable or stationary electric and/or electronic devices whichinclude at least one base unit examples of which have been providedheretofore. It is further appreciated that the counter units may beprovided in a micron-scale and included in semiconductor chips andcircuits such as LSI and VLSI devices for such EMC display systems, thatthe counter units for the EMC display systems may also be formed in anano-scale and incorporated to various nano devices including at leastone base unit which may be a single molecule or a compound, or may be acluster of multiple molecules or compounds, and so on.

Various aspects and/or embodiments of various systems, methods, and/orprocesses of this invention will now be described more particularly withreference to the accompanying drawings and text, where such aspectsand/or embodiments thereof only represent different forms. Such systems,methods, and/or processes of this invention, however, may also beembodied in many other different forms and, accordingly, should not belimited to such aspects and/or embodiments which are set forth herein.Rather, various exemplary aspects and/or embodiments described hereinare provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, andfully convey the scope of the present invention to one of ordinary skillin the relevant art.

Unless otherwise specified, it is to be understood that various members,units, elements, and parts of various systems of the present inventionare not typically drawn to scales and/or proportions for ease ofillustration. It is also to be understood that such members, units,elements, and/or parts of various systems of this invention designatedby the same numerals may typically represent the same, similar, and/orfunctionally equivalent members, units, elements, and/or parts thereof,respectively.

FIGS. 1A to 1F show top views of various prior art display units eachincluding multiple pixels and electrodes supplying electrical energythereto, where each display unit is arranged to emit visual light raysupwardly from the sheet. Based on this definition, the pixels of thedisplay units of FIGS. 1A to 1E receive the electrical energy in adirection at least partially perpendicular to the sheet (i.e., along adirection coinciding with or opposite to a direction of the visiblelight rays), whereas the pixels of the display unit of FIG. 1F receivesthe electrical energy in a direction at least partially parallel to thesheet (i.e., in a direction transverse to the direction of visible lightrays). Accordingly, examples of the prior art display units of FIGS. 1Ato 1E may include the conventional organic or inorganic light emittingdiode units, plasma display units, and other display units where lightemitting or transmitting elements of the pixels receive the energy alongthe direction parallel or opposite the direction of such light rays,while examples of the prior art display unit of FIG. 1F may include theprior art liquid crystal display units and other display units wherelight emitting or transmitting elements of the pixels receive the energyalong the direction transverse to the direction of the light rays. It isappreciated that various display units of the following figures mayinclude other parts not included therein, where examples of such partsmay include, but not be limited to, substrates on which such pixels areprovided, external circuits or drivers manipulating routes anddirections of the electrical energy supplied to those pixels, energysources supplying such electrical energy, and the like.

In one example of FIG. 1A, a conventional display unit 9 includesmultiple pixels 9X arranged in an array with multiple rows and columns.The display unit 9 also includes at least one first electrode and asecond electrode, where the former serves as one of an anode and acathode, while the latter serves as the other of the anode and cathode.The first electrode also includes multiple first electric conductivepaths 9G which vertically extend parallel to each other and electricallycouple with bottom portions of the pixels 9X, whereas the secondelectrode includes multiple second electric conductive paths 9Thorizontally extending parallel to each other and electrically couplingwith top portions of the pixels 9X. The display unit 9 includes at leastone external circuitry or a circuit driver (not included in the figure)which operatively couples with each of the first and second conductivepaths 9G, 9T and directs the electrical energy to one or more selectedpixels 9X by delivering the energy (e.g., electric current and/orvoltage) to those first and second paths 9F, 9T coupling with suchpixels 9X. It is to be understood that the display unit 9 in thisarrangement is generally termed as a “passive-matrix” display unit 9 inthat the pixels 9X are selected sequentially by the driver.

In operation, the driver selects one or more pixels 9X to be turned on.Based upon locations of the pixels 9X, the driver delivers theelectrical energy to the corresponding first and second paths 9G, 9T sothat the electric energy is applied vertically to the pixels 9X. In oneexample, such a display unit 9 corresponds to a conventional organiclight emitting diode unit (to be abbreviated as the “OLED” unithereinafter), where the second electrode and its second conductive paths9T serve as the cathode, while the first electrode and its firstconductive paths 9G serve as the anode. Each pixel 9X includes two ormore layers each including specific organic molecules, where one of suchlayers serves as a conductive layer, while another of such layers servesas an emissive layer. When the energy source applies the electricalenergy between such cathode and anode and applies the electric voltageacross the pixel 9X, the electrical current begins to flow from thecathode to the anode through such organic layers. The cathode giveselectrons to the emissive organic layer, while the anode removeselectrons from the conductive layer of organic molecules or giveselectron holes to the conductive layer. At a boundary between theemissive and conductive organic layers, such electrons find the electronholes and fill the holes by falling into lower energy levels and givingup the energy in the form of photons of light lays through a processcalled “electrophosphorescence”. Accordingly, such an OLED unit 9 mayemit the visible light rays through the transparent cathode (i.e., a topemitting OLED) or through both of the transparent cathode and anode(i.e., a transparent OLED). In general, a color of such visible lightrays depends on the type of organic molecules in the emissive layer,where an intensity or brightness of the light depends on an amount ofthe electric current applied. Further details of such OLED display units9 are well documented in various references and well known to thoseskilled in the relevant art. In another example, the display unit 9 maycorrespond to a prior art inorganic (or small molecule) light emittingdiode unit which is generally similar to the OLED unit but includesinorganic small molecules in the conductive and/or emissive layers.Other configurational and/or operational characteristics of theinorganic light emitting diode unit are similar or identical to those ofthe OLED unit. In another example, the display unit 9 corresponds to aconventional plasma display panel (to be abbreviated as the “PDP” unithereinafter), where the second electrode and its second conductive paths9T serve as a display electrode, where the first electrode and its firstconductive paths 9G serve as an address electrode, and where theelectrodes and paths 9G, 9T serve as the cathode and anode. Each pixel9X forms a cavity defined between a rib of the unit 9 and open throughits top, includes ionizing gases such as neon, xenon, and/or theirmixture, is coated with phosphor materials, and is also covered byadditional layers such as, e.g., a conductive layer, a dielectric layer,a protective layer, and the like. To charge a specific pixel 9X, thedriver delivers the electrical energy from the energy source through theselected address and display electrodes. As the intersecting electrodesare charged with the voltage gradient therebetween, the electric currentflows through the ionizing gases which are trapped inside the pixel 9X.The ionizing gases stimulated by the current create a rapid flow ofcharged particles and release ultraviolet photons which interact withthe phosphor material coated over an inner wall of the pixel 9X. As theultraviolet photon hits the phosphor atom in the pixel 9X, one of thephosphor's electrons jumps to a higher energy level as the phosphor atomis heated up. When the electron falls back to its normal level, however,it releases energy in the form of a visible light photon. Therefore, thePDP unit 9 emits the visible light rays from its millions of pixels 9Xand then transmits such rays through the transparent display electrode.In general, a color of the visible light rays depends on the type of theionizing gases trapped in each pixel 9X, where an intensity orbrightness of such light rays depends on an amount of the electriccurrent applied. Further details of the prior art PDP units 9 are welldocumented in various references and well known to those skilled in therelevant art. In another example, such a display unit 9 corresponds to aprior art liquid crystal display unit (to be abbreviated as the “LCD”unit hereinafter), where each pixel 9X includes at least two transparentfilter layers of polarizing materials sandwiching therein a pair oftransparent planar cathode and anode which in turn interposetherebetween a layer of liquid crystals. In this LCD unit, it isimportant to align axes of polarity of a pair of polarizing filters tobe normal to each other, to form parallel microscopic grooves on theelectrodes, i.e., the cathode and anode, and to align the grooves of theelectrodes to be perpendicular to each other. Before the driver deliversthe electrical energy thereto, the liquid crystals are generally intheir relaxed state. The liquid crystal molecules begin to alignthemselves with the grooves provided on both electrodes in a helicalstructure or, in other words, twist the crystals. Light emitted from alight source and passing through one polarizing filter is then rotatedas it passes through the liquid crystals, allowing it to pass throughthe second polarizing filter. One half of the light is absorbed by thefirst polarizing filter, but otherwise the entire LCD unit 9 ismaintained transparent. When the driver supplies the electrical energythrough the electrodes, the liquid crystal molecules are pulled parallelto the electric fields generated between the electrodes, thus reducing arotation of the entering light. When the liquid crystals are completelyuntwisted, the light passing through the liquid crystals will bepolarized perpendicular to the second polarizing filter. Therefore, sucha pixel 9X is completely blocked and appears unlit. By controlling thetwist of the liquid crystal molecules in each pixel 9X, light may beallowed to pass through the LCD unit 9 in varying amounts,correspondingly illuminating the pixel 9X. It is normal to align thepolarizing filters so that pixels are transparent when relaxed andbecome opaque in the presence of the electric fields, however theopposite is sometimes done for special effect. Further details of theprior art LCD units 9 are well documented in various references and wellknown to those skilled in the relevant art.

In another example of FIG. 1B, a conventional display unit 9 similarlyincludes multiple pixels 9X arranged in an array with multiple rows andcolumns, at least one first electrode including multiple first paths 9G,and at least one second electrode with multiple second paths 9T, wherethe first paths 9G vertically extend parallel to each other and areelectrically coupled to bottom portions of the pixels 9X, whereas thesecond paths 9T horizontally extend parallel to each other and areelectrically coupled to top portions of the pixels 9X. In contrary tothose of FIG. 1A, each second path 9T is arranged to sit over multiplerows of pixels 9X so that the external circuit may supply the electricalenergy to multiple pixels 9X intersected by such first and second paths9G, 9T. The display unit 9 in this arrangement is another passive matrixdisplay unit 9. It is to be understood that the first and secondelectrode may be interchanged in such a manner that the display unit 9include the second paths 9T identical to those of FIG. 1A and that eachfirst path 9G contacts a pair of adjacent pixels 9X. Otherconfigurational and/or operational characteristics of the display unit 9of FIG. 1B are similar or identical to those of the display unit of FIG.1A.

In another example of FIG. 10, a conventional display unit 9 similarlyincludes multiple pixels 9X and second electrode with multiple secondpaths 9T each identical to those of FIG. 1A. In contrary to those ofFIGS. 1A and 1B, however, the first electrode 9E has a planarconfiguration and is arranged to electrically contact all or at least asubstantial number of pixels 9X. Accordingly, such a driver may deliverthe electrical energy to and select multiple pixels 9X sitting on asingle or multiple rows thereof. It is appreciated that the first andsecond electrodes are interchanged in such a mode that the display unit9 include the first electrode 9F identical to those of FIG. 1A and thatthe second electrode defines the planar configuration and contacting allor at least a substantial number of pixels 9X. Such second paths 9T mayfurther be replaced by the wider counterparts of FIG. 1B. Otherconfigurational and/or operational characteristics of the display unit 9of FIG. 10 are similar or identical to those of the display units ofFIGS. 1A and 1B.

In another example of FIG. 1D, a conventional display unit 9 alsoincludes multiple pixels which are arranged in an array with multiplerows and columns. In contrary to those of FIGS. 1A to 1C, such pixelsare rather grouped in multiple sets 9E of pixels which also define anarray of multiple rows and columns, where each pixel set 9E may includetherein a preset number of columns and another preset number of rows ofsuch pixels. The display unit 9 also includes the planar first electrode9F which is similar to that of FIG. 1C as well as a second electrodeconsisting of multiple second conductive paths 9T each of which extendsvertically parallel to each other and electrically couple with a topportion of each pixel set 9E. Unless the circuit driver is given anotherprovision, the driver may only supply the electrical energy to the set9E of pixels intersected by the second path 9T selected thereby. It isto be understood that such first and second electrodes are interchangedin a manner that the display unit 9 include the first planar electrode9F with multiple first paths horizontally or vertically coupling withthe pixel sets 9E and the second planar electrode, that at least onesecond path 9T may electrically couple with multiple pixel sets 9E, thatthe first electrode 9F may be similar to that of FIGS. 1A and 1B, andthe like. Other configurational and/or operational characteristics ofthe display unit 9 of FIG. 1D are similar or identical to those of thedisplay units of FIGS. 1A to 1C.

In another example of FIG. 1E, a conventional display unit 9 alsoincludes multiple pixels which are arranged in an array with multiplerows and columns and which are also grouped in multiple sets 9E ofpixels similar to those of FIG. 1D. The display unit 9 includes theplanar first electrode 9F which is similar to that of FIG. 1C butincludes multiple controllers which are coupled on top of each set 9E ofpixels and arranged to manipulate the supply of the electrical energy toeach pixel included in the set 9E. In general, such controllers areformed in a very small thickness, e.g., as thin-film transistors. Thedisplay unit 9 also has at least one second electrode including multiplesecond conductive paths 9T to supply the electrical energy to eachcontroller and each pixel set 9E controlled by such a controller. It isappreciated that the display unit 9 in such an arrangement is generallytermed as an “active-matrix” display unit in that the pixels of each set9E may be independently selected by its own controller. It is to beunderstood that such first and second electrodes are interchanged in amanner that the display unit 9 include the first electrode 9F withmultiple first paths horizontally or vertically coupling with suchcontrollers for multiple pixel sets 9E and includes the second planarelectrode, that the first electrode may be replaced by the firstelectrode of FIG. 1A or by the second electrode of FIG. 1B, and thelike. Further configurational and/or operational characteristics of thedisplay unit 9 of FIG. 1E are similar or identical to those of thedisplay units of FIGS. 1A to 1D.

In another example of FIG. 1F, a conventional display unit 9 similarlyincludes multiple pixels 9X which are arranged in an array of multiplerows and columns, at least one first electrode, and at least one secondelectrode. Contrary to such electrodes of FIGS. 1A to 1E, the first andsecond electrodes includes multiple first and second electric conductivepaths 9G, 9T, respectively, both of which extend laterally and parallelto each other. In addition, the first paths 9G electrically couple withside portions of the pixels 9X, while the second paths 9T electricallycouple with opposite side portions of the pixels 9X. The display unit 9includes the external circuitry or circuit driver operatively couplingwith each of the first and second paths 9G, 9T and directing theelectrical energy to one or more selected pixels 9X by delivering theenergy (e.g., electric current and/or voltage) along those first andsecond paths 9F, 9T coupling with such pixels 9X. It is to be understoodthat the display unit 9 is another passive-matrix display unit 9 in thatthe pixels 9X are selected sequentially by the driver.

In operation, the driver selects one or more pixels 9X to be turned on.Based upon locations of the pixels 9X, the driver delivers theelectrical energy to the corresponding first and second paths 9G, 9T sothat the electrical energy is applied vertically to the pixels 9X. Ingeneral, the display unit 9 may be any of the conventional OLED units,IOLED units, PDP units, LCD units, and so on, where the above first andsecond paths 9G, 9T of the cathodes and anodes couple with the pixels 9Xon their sides. It is to be understood that all of the above displayunits require the electrical energy to be applied across the height oftheir pixels 9X. Therefore, the coupling arrangement of FIG. 1F may beused when such display units include the conductive paths 9G, 9T whichcouple with the sides of the pixels 9X, where the light emitting and/ortransmitting elements of such pixels 9X may receive the electricalenergy from the paths 9G, 9T by other conductive portions which are notparts of the paths 9G, 9T. Alternatively, the coupling arrangement ofFIG. 1F may be deemed as an approximation of that of FIG. 1A, in which atotal length of the first and second paths 9G, 9T which are not disposeddirectly over the pixels 9X or, in other words, a total length of suchpaths 9G, 9T extending between the pixels 9X may significantly exceed atotal length of such paths 9G, 9T disposed directly over the pixels 9X.It is appreciated that the arrangement of FIG. 1F may be modified andapplied to other electrodes as exemplified in FIGS. 1A to 1E, includingthe active-matrix arrangement of FIG. 1E and its modifications orvariations exemplified hereinabove. Further configurational and/oroperational characteristics of the display unit 9 of FIG. 1F are similaror identical to those of the display units of FIGS. 1A to 1E.

The prior art display units may include variations and/or modificationsof those described in the above figures. In one example, the displayunit may include any desirable number of any of the above pixelsarranged in any number of rows and/or columns, where exact numbers maybe determined by various factors such as, e.g., a desirable size of thedisplay unit, a size of each pixel, a size of a gap to be providedbetween the adjoining pixels, and the like. Therefore, such pixels maybe arranged to define the display unit of a preset aspect ration whichmay be, e.g., 4:3, 5:3, 5:4, 7:5, 7:3, 9:4, 9:5, 9:7, 16:9, 25:9, 25:16,and the like, where the pixels may define any of the above OLED, IOLED,PDP, LCD, DLP, and/or SED display units. In another example, such pixelsof any of such display units may also be grouped into any desirablenumber of pixels sets each of which may include any desirable number ofpixels therein, where sizes of the pixel sets and/or the number ofpixels in such sets of pixels may be identical to each other or, in thealternative, may be different from each other. In another example, thepixels of any of the above display units may be arranged in a regularrectangular or square matrix or in a staggered matrix in which pixels ofa given row (or column) may be located between the pixels of theadjacent row (or column). In another example, the drivers of suchdisplay units may drive their pixels in various modes such as, e.g., anon-progressive mode where only a limited number of pixels are turned onat any given moment, a progressive mode where all or at least asubstantial number of pixels are turned on, an ALIS mode (representing“alternate lighting of surfaces”) where only one half of the pixels areturned on, and the like. In another example, the pixels may be formed asthe cavities or cells each of which is individually defined on thescreen of the display unit. Alternatively, the pixels may be formed aselongated troughs along each of which multiple pixels are defined by theelectrodes extending thereover or therebelow. In another example, thepixels may also include multiple subpixels so that each pixel describedin such figures may in fact consist of multiple subpixels. One exampleof this arrangement may be used to emit and/or transmit the visiblecolor rays, where each pixel includes a red subpixel, a green subpixel,and a blue subpixel and where each of these subpixels may also be drivenby separate paths which operate similar to the conductive paths.

As described hereinabove, the prior art display units may includevarious wave sources such as, e.g., the first and second electrodes(also referred to as top and bottom electrodes or display and addresselectrodes), pixels of various passive and/or active-matrix OLED units,pixels of the passive and/or active-matrix inorganic light emittingdiode units which will be abbreviated as the “IOLED” units hereinafter,pixels of the passive and/or active-matrix PDP units, pixels of thepassive and/or active-matrix LCD units, and phosphor pixels of the CRTunits. Although not exemplified in the above figures, the wave sourcesmay further include the electrodes and pixels of other prior art displayunits which may include, but not limited to, digital light processingunits which will be referred to as the “DLP” units hereinafter,surface-conduction electron-emitting devices which will be referred toas the “SED” units hereinafter, and other display units includingmultiple pixels capable of emitting and/or transmitting the visiblelight rays therethrough in response to the electrical energy (i.e.,electric current and/or voltage) applied thereto either vertically ortransversely. In addition, such wave sources may include the beamgenerators and steering coils of the CRT units. Moreover, the wavesources of the display units may also include various electric and/orelectronic parts thereof. As described hereinabove, each of such wavesources includes various base units such as, e.g., a single or multipleconductive paths of each of the first and second electrodes, pixels ofthe above display units, various electric and/or electronic componentsof various parts of such units, and the like. Although not exemplifiedin the figures, such display units may also include the prior artcathode ray tube units (to be referred to as the “CRT” unitshereinafter), and the wave sources of the CRT units may include theirelectron beam generators and steering units.

The base units of these wave sources almost always irradiate suchextremely low-frequency harmful electromagnetic waves in the frequencyranges of, e.g., less than about 100 kHz, 50 kHz, 10 kHz, 5 kHz, 1 kHzor less. It is to be understood that the frequencies of these harmfulwaves may be dependent not only on the frequency of the electricalenergy provided from the energy source to the display unit but also onthe frequency of the electrical energy supplied to those pixels by thedriver or external circuit, where the latter may constitute the“primary” base units in many circumstances. More particularly, variouselectrodes and their conductive paths which may be shaped into(extremely) thin wires and/or strips may constitute the primary baseunits of a prior art display unit of a particular type, for suchelectrodes and/or path must cover an entire area of a screen of thedisplay unit both on and below such a screen. It is true that the pixelsemitting or transmitting the visible light rays therethrough also haveto cover the entire or at least a substantial area of the screen. Asdescribed hereinabove, however, the pixels of most conventional displayunits (probably except those of the CRT units) are designed to receivethe electric current and/or voltage perpendicular to the screen (or tothe sheet of FIGS. 1A to 1 F0 while irradiating such harmful wavespropagating primarily along directions parallel to the screen (orsheet). In contrary, the electrodes and their conductive paths generallyextend parallel to the screen (or sheet), and receive the electriccurrent and/or voltage therealong, thereby irradiating such harmfulwaves primarily propagating along directions perpendicular to the screen(or sheet). In this context, such electrodes and their conductive pathsgenerally qualify as the primary base units of various display units,whereas the pixels may serve as the secondary base units of the displayunits. It is also probable that the pixels may irradiate the harmfulwaves while emitting the visible light rays, in which the pixels mayhave to be regarded as the primary base units as well. In the CRTdisplay units, however, various components of the beam generators aswell as various coils of the steering units may serve as the primarybase units, where the phosphor materials coated on its screen may alsobe considered as the primary base units when such materials irradiatethe harmful waves while emitting the visible light rays. In addition,other conductive, semiconductive, and/or insulative parts of variousdisplay units may also serve as the primary or secondary units based onthe intensity of the harmful waves irradiated therefrom. In any rate, itis to be reminded that various counter units of the present inventionare designed to counter both of such primary and secondary base units.Therefore, when the counter unit is arranged to simplify (orapproximate) only one of the above primary (or secondary) base units,the counter unit may be shaped and/or sized as one or more of variousanalogs simplifying (or approximating) one of the base units forcountering the harmful waves irradiated from only one of such baseunits. When desirable, two or more of such analogs may be disposed invarious locations around at least one of such primary (or secondary)base units or, in the alternative, may mechanically and/or electricallycouple with each other, supplied with the electric energy in a presetpattern, and/or disposed in a preset location for countering the harmfulwaves irradiated by two or more of the base units. The counter units mayalso be provided as an unitary article which approximates two or more ofsuch primary base units.

In order to counter such harmful waves irradiated from various baseunits of the conventional display units, various counter units areimplemented for emitting counter electromagnetic waves (to beabbreviated as the “counter waves” hereinafter) and to counter theharmful waves therewith, e.g., by suppressing the harmful waves withsuch counter waves from propagating toward the target space, cancelingat least a portion of the harmful waves with such counter waves in atarget space, and the like. Thereby, the conventional display unitsincorporated with one or more of such counter units may be convertedinto the EMC display systems (or simply EMC systems) of the presentinvention. Various counter units and their countering mechanisms willnow be enumerated. It is appreciated, however, that following counterunits and countering mechanisms therefor of this invention may beembodied in many other different forms as well and, accordingly, shouldnot be limited only to the following counter units and/or counteringmechanisms thereof to be set forth herein. Rather, various exemplarycounter units and various countering mechanisms described hereinafterare provided so that this disclosure is thorough and complete, and fullyconveys the scope of this invention to one of ordinary skill in the art.It is further appreciated that various counter units and theircountering mechanisms which have been described hereinabove and whichare to be disclosed hereinafter may also apply to any conventionaldisplay units exemplified in the above figures, to other prior artdisplay devices which have not been exemplified in such figures but havebeen disclosed in conjunction therewith as their modifications orvariations, to other prior art display units including electrodes and/orpixels both of which may also be provided from those of theaforementioned prior art display units, and the like. Therefore, any ofsuch conventional display units may be converted into such EMC systemsof this invention by incorporating thereinto one or more of the counterunits operating in one or more of the countering mechanisms.

As described above, various counter units of the present invention maybe incorporated to the above prior art display devices and/or theirdisplay units in order to convert such into the EMC display systems andEMC display units, respectively. Alternatively, various counter unitsmay be incorporated into at least one set of pixels of the prior artdisplay units such that such a pixel set may be converted into the EMCpixel set and, therefore, the display unit incorporating such a pixelset may be converted into the EMC display unit.

In a generic aspect of the present invention, an EMC display systemgenerally includes therein multiple wave sources and at least onecounter unit, and counters harmful electromagnetic waves (to beabbreviated as the “harmful waves” hereinafter) which are irradiatedfrom the wave sources with counter electromagnetic waves (to beabbreviated as the “counter waves” hereinafter) emitted by the counterunit. Each of such wave sources includes at least one base unit which isthe real source of the harmful waves, i.e., irradiating the harmfulwaves, affecting paths of propagation of such harmful waves whilemaintaining or altering their amplitudes and/or phase angles, and so on,where examples of such base units may include, but not be limited to, aconductive or semiconductive article such as a wire, a strip, a plate, asheet, a ring thereof, a coil thereof, a spiral thereof, a mesh thereof,and so on, all of which emit the harmful waves when electric currentflows therein, an insulative article such as a wire, a strip, a plate, asheet, a ring thereof, a coil thereof, a spiral thereof, and a meshthereof all of which may not carry the electric current but emit theharmful waves when electric voltage is applied thereacross, a permanentmagnet which affects the direction, paths, and/or amplitudes of theharmful waves, and so on. Each wave source may include at least oneoptional part mechanically supporting or retaining its base units butneither irradiating nor affecting the paths of propagation of suchharmful waves, where examples of the optional parts may include, but notbe limited to, a case enclosing one or more of its base units, aprotective cover, a coupler, any parts thereof in which the electriccurrent does not flow, any parts thereof across which the voltage is notapplied, and so on. The counter unit is arranged to emit the counterwaves capable of countering such counter waves, e.g., by canceling theharmful waves and/or by suppressing the harmful waves from propagatingin a specific direction. The counter unit may be arranged to counter theharmful waves in every direction from at least one of the base units ofthe wave source, e.g., above, below and around at least one of the baseunits. This embodiment, however, may be costly, may not be feasible,and/or may not be necessary, particularly when the EMC display system isto be disposed in a specific orientation by an user to be protected fromthe harmful waves. In such a case, the counter is arranged to counterthe harmful waves only in or around a specific target space (or area)which is generally defined between at least one of the base units andthe user (or a specific body part thereof).

In order for the counter waves to counter (i.e., cancel and/or suppress)such harmful waves, there are a few prerequisite which the counter wavesmust satisfy. The first is the phase angles of the counter waves. Ingeneral, the counter waves preferably define the phase angles which areat least partially or substantially opposite to those of the harmfulwaves so that the counter waves may cancel and/or suppress the harmfulwaves when propagated to the target space from the same side as at leastone of the base units. In the alternative, the counter waves may definethe phase angles at least partially similar (or identical) to those ofthe harmful waves so that the counter waves cancel and/or suppress theharmful waves when propagated to the target space from an opposite sideof at least one of the base units. When such an EMC display systemincludes multiple counter units, each of the counter units may emit thecounter waves defining the same, similar or different phase angles. Thenext is the amplitudes of the counter waves. In contrary to their phaseangles which must satisfy the preset relation to those of the harmfulwaves, the counter waves may have any amplitudes which effectivelycounter the harmful waves in the target space. When disposed closer tothe target space than at least one of the base units, e.g., the counterunit has only to emit such counter waves with the amplitudes less thanthose of the harmful waves. Conversely, the counter unit disposedfarther from at least one of the base units has to emit such counterwaves of the amplitudes greater than those of the harmful waves, whereasthe counter unit disposed flush with at least one of the base units withrespect to the target space has to emit the counter waves with thesimilar or same amplitudes as the harmful waves. When the EMC displayincludes multiple counter units, all of its counter units may bedisposed in similar distances from at least one of the base units and/ortarget space or, alternatively, at least two of the counter units may bedisposed in different distances from at least one of the base unitsand/or target space. In addition to the distances and/or dispositionsthereof, the counter waves may have various intensities depending uponwhether the counter waves counter the harmful waves throughout an entireportion of the target space or only in preset positions inside such atarget space. For example, the counter unit preferably emits suchcounter waves capable of countering the harmful waves throughout thetarget space as the user may be situated anywhere therein. When the useris to be situated only in preset positions of the target space, however,the counter may then be shaped, sized, arranged, and disposed to emitthe counter waves which best counter the harmful waves only in suchpositions but not with such an efficiency in other positions of thetarget space.

Once the counter unit is arranged to emit the counter waves definingproper phase angles and amplitudes, such a counter unit may be shaped,sized, arranged, and disposed in order to counter the harmful wavesdepending on detailed countering mechanisms.

In one example, the counter unit may be shaped, sized, and/or arrangedsimilar (or identical) to at least one of such base units, where such amechanism is to be referred to as a “source matching” hereinafter. Thebasic concept of the “source matching” is that the counter unit may emitthe counter waves defining wavefronts similar to its configuration(i.e., its shape, size, and/or arrangement), that wavefronts of suchcounter waves may automatically match wavefronts of the harmful waves,and that the counter waves counter the harmful waves due to thesimilarity between the configurations of the counter unit and at leastone of such base units. When the system includes multiple base units, asingle counter unit may then be arranged to emit the counter wavescapable of countering the harmful waves irradiated by one of the baseunits or, alternatively, capable of countering a sum of the harmfulwaves irradiated by all (or at least two but all) of such base units.When the system includes multiple counter units, the counter units mayemit the counter waves capable of countering the harmful wavesirradiated by a single base unit or multiple base units. When the systemincludes multiple counter units and multiple base units, the counterwaves emitted by each counter unit may also counter the harmful wavesirradiated by each base unit, a sum of the counter waves emitted by atleast two counter units may counter the harmful waves irradiated by oneof the base units, the counter waves emitted by a single counter unitmay counter a sum the harmful waves irradiated by at least two baseunits, a sum of the counter waves from all of the counter units maycounter a sum of the harmful waves irradiated by all (or at least twobut not all) of the base units, and so on. It is preferred in this“source matching” that the counter unit emit the counter waves definingthe wavefronts with a configuration (or pattern) similar to theconfiguration (or pattern) of itself. However, it is also possible thatthe counter unit emits the counter waves defining the wavefronts with aconfiguration (or pattern) different from that of the counter unit, thatthe wavefronts of a sum of the counter waves emitted by multiple counterunits may form the configuration different from that of each counterunit and/or define the arrangement different from that of multiplecounter units, as long as the counter waves may effectively counter theharmful waves in the target space.

In another example, the counter unit may be disposed (i.e., oriented,aligned, and/or positioned) in a manner that at least one wavefront ofsuch counter waves may match at least one wavefront of the harmfulwaves, where this mechanism is to be referred to as a “wave matching”hereinafter. The basic concept of the “wave matching” lies in the factthat the counter waves may counter the harmful waves when the counterunit is incorporated in a disposition to match the wavefronts of thecounter waves with the wavefronts of the harmful waves as far as theconfiguration of the counter unit may be properly manipulated in orderto operate on such “wave matching.” When the EMC display system includesmultiple base units, a single counter unit may be arranged to emit thecounter waves which are capable of matching and countering the harmfulwaves irradiated by only one of the base units or, alternatively,matching and countering a sum of the harmful waves irradiated by all (orat least two but not all) of the base units. When the system includesmultiple counter units, the counter units may emit the counter wavescapable of countering the harmful waves irradiated by a single base unitor all (or at least two but not all) of the base units. When the systemincludes multiple counter units and multiple base units, the counterwaves emitted by each counter unit may counter the harmful wavesirradiated by each base unit, a sum of the counter waves emitted by atleast two counter units may counter the harmful waves irradiated by oneof the base units, the counter waves from a single counter unit maycounter a sum the harmful waves irradiated by at least two base units, asum of the counter waves emitted by all of the counter units may thencounter a sum of the harmful waves irradiated by all of the base units,and the like, as long as at least a portion of at least one of suchwavefronts of the counter waves may match and then counter at least aportion of at least one of the wavefronts of the harmful waves in thetarget space.

Various counter units constructed based on the source matching and/orwave matching are to be disclosed hereinafter. It is appreciated in thesource matching that there does not exist any one-to-one correlationsbetween the configuration of such a counter unit and the configurationof the counter waves emitted thereby. That is, the counter waves ofcertain configuration (or wave characteristics) may be obtained by asingle counter unit which defines a certain shape and size and isprovided in a certain arrangement, by another counter unit which definesa similar shape and size but is provided in another arrangement, byanother counter unit which has a different shape and size but isprovided in a similar arrangement, by at least two counter unitsdefining preset shapes and sizes and provided in a preset arrangement,by the same number of counter units defining different shapes and/orsizes or in a different arrangement, by a different number of counterunits defining similar shapes and/or sizes or in a similar arrangement.It is similarly appreciated in the above wave matching that there doesnot exist an one-to-one correlation between the disposition of thecounter unit and the wavefronts of the counter waves emitted by thecounter unit. In other words, the wavefronts with certain shapes may beobtained by a single counter unit which defines a certain configurationand is disposed in a certain position with respect to at least one ofsuch base units and/or target space, by another single counter unitdefining another configuration and also disposed in another position, byat least two counter units defining preset configurations and disposedin preset positions, by the same number of counter units definingdifferent configurations and disposed in different positions, by adifferent number of counter units defining different configurations anddisposed in different positions, and the like. Therefore, It isappreciated that such counter units may be embodied in many otherdifferent forms and should not be limited to following aspects and/ortheir embodiments which are to be set forth herein. Rather, variousexemplary aspects and/or embodiments described herein are provided sothat this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully convey thescope of the present invention to one of ordinary skill in the relevantart.

In another aspect of the present invention, a single generic counterunit may be provided for a single generic base unit to counter theharmful waves from the base unit by the counter waves from the counterunit. FIGS. 2A to 2F show top schematic views of exemplaryelectromagnetic countering mechanisms in each of which a single counterunit emits the counter waves capable of countering the harmful waveswhich are irradiated from a single base unit of a single wave sourceaccording to the present invention, where the base unit is a pointsource in FIGS. 2A to 2C and 2F, while the base unit is an elongatedsource in FIGS. 2D and 2E. It is appreciated that these figures,however, may also be interpreted in different perspectives. For example,such figures may be interpreted as the top cross-sectional views, wherethe base units of FIGS. 2A to 2C and 2F are wires extendingperpendicular to the sheet, and the base units of FIGS. 2D and 2E arestrips or rectangular rods also extending normal to the sheet. Inanother example, the figures may be interpreted as sectional views ofmore complex articles, where the base units of FIGS. 2A to 2C and 2F maycorrespond to sections of coils, spirals, meshes, and the like, whilethe base units of FIGS. 2D and 2E may similarly correspond to sectionsof curvilinear rods or strips. It is also appreciated in these figuresthat such base units are enclosed in the wave sources which may be casesor other parts of such a system which do not irradiate such harmfulwaves. It is further appreciated in all of these figures that the EMCsystems are disposed in such a way that the target space is formed tothe right side of the counter and base units.

In one exemplary embodiment of such an aspect of the invention and asdescribed in FIG. 2A, an EMC system 5 includes a single rectangular wavesource 10 and a single counter unit 40, where the source 10 includestherein a single base unit 10B defining a shape of a point source. Thecounter unit 40 is similarly shaped as another point source and disposedto the right side of the base unit 10B. In this arrangement, the counterunit 40 emits the counter waves of which wavefronts are identical tothose of the harmful waves irradiated by the base unit 10B. Because thecounter unit 40 is disposed closer to a hypothetical target space on theright side of the figure, such counter wavefronts always define radii ofcurvature smaller than those of the harmful wavefronts. Accordingly, thecounter unit 40 may counter (i.e., cancel or suppress) the harmful wavesonly along a line connecting the counter and base units 40, 10B or inits vicinity. It is appreciated that such an embodiment corresponds tothe source matching which turns out to be ineffective due to adiscrepancy in the radii of curvature of the wavefronts of the counterand harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2B, an EMC system 5 includes a single counter unit 40and a single rectangular wave source 10 with a single base unit 10Bdisposed therein. The base unit 10B is similar to that of FIG. 2A,however, the counter unit 40 is elongated, oriented vertically along itslength, and disposed on the right side of the base unit 10B. Due to itselongated shape, the counter unit 40 emits the counter waves whosewavefronts are also elongated vertically and, therefore, define theradii of curvature which are greater than those of FIG. 2A and whichmatch those of the harmful waves. Accordingly, such a counter unit 40defines a target space 50 across which the counter waves counter theharmful waves to a preset extent. It is to be understood that such anembodiment corresponds to the wave matching mechanism in that thecounter unit 40 is shaped similar to one of the harmful wavefronts.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2C, an EMC system 5 includes a single counter unit 40and a single rectangular wave source 10 with a single base unit 10Bdisposed therein. The base unit 10B is similar to that of FIG. 2A,however, the counter unit 40 is shaped and sized to conform to onewavefront of such harmful waves. That is, the counter unit 40 is shapedas an arc and disposed in an orientation concave to the right side ofthe figure or to the target space 50. Because of its arcuate shape, sucha counter unit 40 emits the counter waves of which wavefronts are alsoarcuate and, therefore, define the radii of curvature which are similaror identical to those of the harmful waves. Therefore, the counter unit40 defines a target space 50 across which the counter waves counter theharmful waves to a preset extent. It is appreciated that such anembodiment corresponds to another wave matching mechanism and that thecounter waves emitted form this arcuate counter unit 40 better matchsuch harmful wavefronts and define the target space 50 which expandsover a wider angle around the base unit 10B than those of FIGS. 2A and2B.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2D, an EMC system 5 includes a single counter unit 40and a single rectangular wave source 10 with a single base unit 10B.Contrary to those of the above, this base unit 10B is rectangular andoriented vertically along its length or its long axis, and irradiatesthe harmful waves of which wavefronts define vertical and relativelystraight portions which are attributed to the length or long axis of thebase unit 10B. The counter unit 40 is shaped and sized similar oridentical to the base unit 10B, and disposed in the same orientation asthe base unit 10B. This orientation may be viewed to dispose the counterunit 40 along the vertical straight portions of the wavefronts of theharmful waves. The counter unit 40 also emits the counter waves whosewavefronts define vertical and relatively straight portions, similarlydue to the length or long axis thereof. Because such portions of thecounter wavefronts match those of the harmful wavefronts, the counterunit 40 forms the target space 40 to the right side. This embodimentcorresponds to the source matching, wave matching or their combination.It is to be understood that the counter unit of FIG. 2A is shaped andsized as the base unit but ineffective due to a discrepancy in the radiiof curvature between the wavefronts of the counter and source waves. Thecounter unit 40 of this embodiment is similarly shaped and sized as thebase unit 10B but efficiently counter such harmful waves in the targetspace 50. The primary reason of this countering lies in the fact thatboth of the harmful and counter waves define along their wavefronts thevertical straight portions which generally do not depend upon the radiiof curvature thereof. Otherwise, configuring the counter unit 40 similarto the base unit 10B and then disposing such a counter unit 10 betweenthe base unit 10B and target space generally do not provide an efficientcountering, where further details of this front arrangement are to beprovided below. It is appreciated that such an embodiment corresponds tothe source matching in which the counter unit 40 is shaped, sized,and/or arranged similar (or identical) to the base unit 10B.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2E, an EMC system 5 includes a single counter unit 40and a single rectangular wave source 10 with a single base unit 10Bwhich is similar to that shown in FIG. 2D. The counter unit 40, however,is shaped and sized to conform to one wavefront of such harmful waves.Similar to that of FIG. 2C, the counter unit 40 is shaped as an arc anddisposed in an orientation concave to the right side of the figure ortarget space 50. Because of its arcuate shape, such a counter unit 40emits such counter waves of which wavefronts are also arcuate and,therefore, define the radii of curvature which are similar or identicalto those of the harmful waves, not only along their vertical straightportions but also along their curved portions, mainly due to the arcuateshape of the counter unit 40. Accordingly, such a counter unit 40defines a target space 50 which also expands over a wide angletherearound and across which the counter waves effectively counter suchharmful waves. It is to be understood that this embodiment correspondsto another wave matching mechanism.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2F, an EMC system 5 includes a single counter unit 40and a single rectangular wave source 10 which has a single base unit 10Btherein. Both of the counter and base units 40, 10B are identical tothose of FIG. 2A. However, the counter unit 40 is disposed on anopposite side of a target space 50 with respect to the base unit 10B andaligned with the base unit 10B as are the cases with the precedingfigures. In this arrangement, the counter unit 40 emits the counterwaves of which wavefronts are identical to those of the harmful wavesirradiated by the base unit 10B. Because the counter unit 40 is disposedfarther away from the target space 50, such counter wavefronts definethe radii of curvature which approach and then match those of theharmful wavefronts when disposed at a proper distance from the base unit10B. Accordingly, the counter unit 40 disposed in this rear arrangementmay effectively counter the harmful waves and defines the target space50 expanding over a wide angle around the base unit 10B. It isappreciated that the sole difference between the counter units of FIGS.2A and 2F is their dispositions, i.e., one disposed in the “frontarrangement” of FIG. 2A and another disposed in the “rear arrangement”of FIG. 2F. It is also appreciated that the rear arrangement is notnecessarily superior to the front arrangement and that further detailsof selecting the proper arrangement are to be provided below. It isfurther appreciated that this embodiment corresponds to the wavematching in which the counter unit 40 is disposed at the position formatching the harmful wavefronts with the counter wavefronts.

Although not included in the figures, a single counter unit may bedisposed in an arrangement flush with the base unit with respect to thetarget space, flush with a direction of propagation of the harmfulwaves, flush with another direction along which electric current flowsin the base or counter unit, flush with another direction in whichelectric voltage is applied across the base or counter units, and so on.In this “lateral” arrangement, the radii of curvature of the counterwavefronts automatically match those of the harmful wavefronts and,therefore, the counter waves effectively match and then counter theharmful waves in the target space. For this arrangement, however, thewave source has to provide a space in which the counter unit may beincorporated. Therefore, the counter unit may be implemented inside thewave source and close to the base unit thereof when applicable.Otherwise, the counter unit may instead be disposed over, below orbeside the wave source and as close to the base unit as possible. It isappreciated, however, that the counter unit disposed next to the baseunit may propagate the counter waves onto the base unit and obstructnormal operation of the base unit. Accordingly, the lateral arrangementis preferably selected only when such an arrangement may not obstructthe normal operation of the base unit, wave source including such or EMCsystem including such. When the lateral arrangement does not affect theoperation of the base unit but the counter unit may not be disposedclose to the base unit due to space limitations, two or more counterunits may be disposed on opposing sides (e.g., left and right, top andbottom, front and rear, and the like) of such a base unit and as closeto the base unit as possible. Such counter units may also be arranged toemit the counter waves a sum of which may be symmetric or skewed towarda preset direction based on the wave characteristics of the harmfulwaves.

In another aspect of the present invention, multiple generic counterunit may be provided for a single generic base unit for countering theharmful waves irradiated by the base unit with the counter waves emittedby all of such counter units or emitted by at least two but not all ofsuch counter units. FIGS. 2G to 2L are top schematic views of exemplaryelectromagnetic countering mechanisms in each of which multiple counterunits emit counter waves to counter harmful waves irradiated from asingle base unit of a single wave source according to the presentinvention, where the base unit is a point source in FIGS. 2G to 2K,while the base unit is an elongated source in FIG. 2L. It is appreciatedthat these figures, however, may also be interpreted in differentperspectives. For example, such figures may be viewed as the topcross-sectional views, where the base units of FIGS. 2G to 2K are wiresextending perpendicular to the sheet, and the base unit of FIG. 2L is astrip or a rectangular rod also extending normal to the sheet. Inanother example, the figures may be interpreted as sectional views ofmore complex articles, where the base units of FIGS. 2G to 2K maycorrespond to sections of coils, spirals, meshes, and the like, whereasthe base unit of FIG. 2L may similarly correspond to sections ofcurvilinear rods or strips. It is also appreciated in these figures thatsuch base units are enclosed in the wave sources which may be cases orother parts of such a system which do not irradiate such harmful waves.It is further appreciated in all of these figures that the EMC systemsare disposed in such a way that the target space is formed to the rightside of the counter and base units.

In one exemplary embodiment of such an aspect of the invention and asdescribed in FIG. 2G, an EMC system 5 includes two counter units 40 anda single wave source 10 including a single base unit 10B. The base unit10B is similar to those of FIGS. 2A to 2C, while a pair of counter units40 are disposed between the base Ni 10B and a target space 50. Suchcounter units 40 are also disposed symmetric to the base unit 10B andflush with each other with respect thereto, i.e., the counter units 40are disposed at an equal distance from the base unit 10B and/or targetspace 50. Such counter units 40 are arranged to emit the counter wavesof the same phase angles so that the wavefronts of the counter wavesfrom each counter unit 40 are superposed onto each other whileincreasing their amplitudes. As the counter waves propagate, theirwavefronts which correspond to a sum of each set of wavefronts from eachcounter unit 40 increase their radii of curvature as if they are emittedby the elongated counter units of FIGS. 2B to 2E. Therefore, the counterwavefronts match the harmful wavefronts, and the pair of counter units40 match and counter the base unit 10B while defining the target space50 expanding over a limited angle therearound. It is to be understoodthat disposing two or more counter units 40 result in flattening thewavefronts of the counter waves and increasing the radii of curvature ofthe superposed portions of the counter wavefronts. It is furtherappreciated that this arrangement corresponds to the wave matching inwhich multiple counter units 40 are disposed along one wavefront of theharmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2H, an EMC system 5 includes three counter units 40 anda single wave source 10 enclosing therein a single base unit 10B. Thebase unit 10B is similar to those of FIGS. 2A to 2C, while the counterunits 40 are similar to those of FIG. 2G such that all counter units 40are disposed between the base unit 10B and target space 50 and flushwith the base unit 10B. However, the system 5 includes one more counterunit 40 so that an array of three counter units 40 approximate thewavefronts of such harmful waves better than those of FIG. 2G.Accordingly, the counter units 40 emit the counter waves which bettercounter the base unit 10B and define the target space 50 expanding overa wider angle therearound than those of FIG. 2G. It is appreciated thatdisposing three counter units 40 result in further flattening thesuperposed wavefronts of the counter waves and also result in increasingthe radii of curvature of such portions of the wavefronts of the counterwaves. It is also appreciated that this arrangement is another wavematching where all three counter units 40 are disposed along onewavefront of the harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2I, an EMC system 5 includes two counter units 40 and asingle wave source 10 including a single base unit 10B which is similarto those of FIGS. 2A to 2C. Two counter units 40 are disposed onopposite sides of the base unit 10B at an equal distance therefrom andalso flush with the base unit 10B with respect to a target space 50.Similar to those of all of the preceding embodiments, such counter units40 emit the counter waves defining the similar or identical phase anglesso that the counter waves emitted by each of such counter units 40superpose onto each other for not only increasing their amplitudes butalso flattening the superposed portions of their wavefronts whileincreasing the radii of curvature of such wavefronts. Accordingly, thecounter units 40 counter the harmful waves and define the target space50 spanning around a rather limited angle therearound. It is appreciatedthat this arrangement is rather the source matching than the wavematching in that the counter units 40 are disposed in the symmetricarrangement and effect the elongated counter unit arranged flush withthe base unit 10B.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2J, an EMC system 5 includes three counter units 40 anda single wave source 10 enclosing therein a single base unit 10B whichis similar to those of FIGS. 2A to 2F. Contrary to those of FIG. 2H,three counter units 40 are disposed on an opposite side of a targetspace 50 with respect to the base unit 10B. The counter units 40 arearranged flush with each other relative to the base unit 10B and targetspace 50 and also spaced away from each other at an equal distance.Similar to those of FIGS. 2G to 21, both of outer counter units 40A, 40Care arranged to emit the counter waves defining the phase angles atleast partially opposite to those of the harmful waves so thatsuperposed portions of the wavefronts of the counter waves are flattenedwhile increasing their radii of curvature. Contrary to those of thepreceding figures, a middle counter unit 40B is arranged to emit thecounter waves defining the phase angles which are at least partiallysimilar to those of such harmful waves and opposite to those of thecounter waves emitted by the outer counter units 40A, 40C. Therefore, anet effect of incorporating the middle counter unit 40B is to sharpenthe curvature of the superposed portions of the wavefronts of a sum ofthe counter waves and to define the target space 50 expanding around anarrower angle around the base unit 10B, as manifest in a comparisonbetween the target spaces 50 of FIGS. 2F and 2J. That is, byincorporating multiple counter units 40A-40C emitting the counter wavesof the phase angles opposite to each other, it is feasible to preciselymanipulate the wavefronts of the sum of such counter waves and theirradii of curvature for better matching the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves. It is appreciated that such an embodiment may corresponds to thesource matching, wave matching or a combination thereof.

The counter units 40A-40C of this embodiment may be incorporated indifferent arrangements. For example, only two counter units may beincluded to emit the counter waves with opposite phase angles, whereresulting wavefronts of the sum of the counter waves are not symmetricbut skewed to one or an opposite side. In addition, the distancesbetween the counter units may be manipulated to adjust the wavefronts ofa sum of the counter waves regardless of the number of the counterunits. Moreover, the counter units emitting the counter waves definingthe phase angles similar to those of the harmful waves may be employedas the outer units to further sharpen the superposed portions of thecounter waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2K, an EMC system 5 includes three counter units 40 anda single wave source 10 enclosing therein a single base unit 10B whichis similar to those of FIGS. 2A to 2C. The counter units 40A-40C arealso similar to those of FIG. 2H so that all of such counter units40A-40C are disposed between the base unit 10B and target space 50 andsimilar to each other, that the counter units 40A-40C emit the counterwaves of the same or similar phase angles, and so on. However, eachcounter unit 40A-40C is arranged to form an arcuate article shaped andsized to match a portion of a wavefront of the counter waves. Inaddition, both of upper and lower counter units 40A, 40C are spaced awayfrom each other and also disposed along one wavefront of the harmfulwaves, whereas a middle counter unit 40B is disposed between the upperand lower counter units 40A, 40C and along an adjacent wavefront of theharmful waves in such a manner that superposed portions of thewavefronts of a sum of the counter waves are flattened while defininglarger radii of curvature and match the wavefronts of the harmful waves,thereby forming a target space 50 which expands over a wide angle aroundthe base unit 10B. It is to be understood that this arrangement isanother wave matching where all three counter units 40A-40C are disposedalong multiple wavefront of the harmful waves.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention and asdepicted in FIG. 2L, an EMC system 5 includes three counter units 40 anda single wave source 10 enclosing therein a single base unit 10B. Whilethe base unit 10B is similar to those of FIGS. 2D and 2E, the counterunits 40 are similar to those of FIG. 2H and emit the counter waveswhich are flattened and define vertical straight portions therealong.Therefore, the counter waves match the vertical straight portions of theharmful waves and define a target space 50 similar to that of FIG. 2D.It is appreciated that this embodiment is another source matching inwhich three counter units 40 approximate the elongated base unit 10B.

In another aspect of the present invention, a single generic counterunit may also be provided for multiple generic base units for counteringthe harmful waves from such base units by the counter waves from thecounter unit. In one example, such a counter unit may be arranged tocounter a sum of the harmful waves irradiated by each base units, wheredetailed disposition of the counter unit may depend upon configurationsand/or dispositions of the base units, amplitudes and/or directions ofthe harmful waves irradiated by such base units, and the like. Basedthereupon, the counter unit may be disposed symmetrically to all or atleast some of the base units, may be incorporated in the front, rear orlateral arrangement, and the like, where such arrangements are generallyreferred to an “global or overall countering” hereinafter. In anotherexample, the counter unit is rather arranged to counter the harmfulwaves irradiated by only one of multiple base units, where such anarrangement is generally referred to as “local or individual countering”hereinafter. This local countering may only be effective when otheruncountered base units irradiate negligible amounts of such harmfulwaves, when other uncountered base units irradiate non-negligibleamounts of the harmful waves to other directions than the target space,and the like. Otherwise, it is preferred to manipulate the counter unitto counter the harmful waves of the uncountered base units, to includeadditional counter units for countering those harmful waves, and thelike.

It is appreciated that various countering mechanisms describedhereinabove for a single base unit may equally be applied to the systemwith multiple base units in the global countering mechanism. That is,the above countering mechanisms may be applied not to such harmful wavesirradiated by the single base unit but to a sum of the harmful wavesirradiated by multiple base units. When the system is to operate in thelocal countering mechanism, the aforementioned mechanisms may also beapplied to each of multiple base units regardless of an exact number ofsuch base units.

In another aspect of the present invention, multiple counter units maybe provided for multiple base units for countering the harmful wavesirradiated from such base units with the counter waves emitted by thecounter units. In one example, multiple counter units are provided inthe same number as the base units and each counter unit is arranged tocounter only one of such base units in the local countering mechanism.Alternatively, at least one of such counter units may counter only oneof such base units in the local countering mechanism, whereas at leastone another of such counter units may counter at least two of the baseunits in the global countering mechanism. In another example, a lessnumber of counter units are provided so that each counter unit isarranged to counter at least two of the base units in the globalcountering mechanism, that at least one of the counter units countersone of such base units in the local countering mechanism while at leastone another of such counter units counters at least two of such baseunits in the global countering mechanism, and the like. In anotherexample, a greater number of counter units are provided so that eachbase unit may be countered by at least two of the counter units, that atleast one of the counter units counters one of the base units in thelocal countering mechanism while at least one another of the counterunits may counter at least two of such base units in the globalcountering mechanism, and so on. In all of these examples, any of theabove front, rear, and lateral countering mechanisms may be used by thecounter units, where such countering mechanisms may be same or differentfor each counter unit.

Configurational and/or operational variations of such EMC systems andtheir counter units as well as configurational and/or operationalmodifications of such EMC systems and their counter units as exemplifiedin FIGS. 2A to 2L and/or as disclosed hereinabove without anyaccompanying figures also fall within the scope of the presentinvention.

As described above, a typical EMC system includes at least one wavesource and at least one counter unit, where the wave source includes orencloses therein at least one of the base units and where the counterunit may include at least one optional electric connector such as a leadwire and at least one optional coupler for coupling the counter unit toother parts of the system. The EMC system may include at least one bodywhich encloses at least a portion of the base units, at least a portionof the counter unit, and the like. Alternatively, an entire portion ofthe counter and/or at least one of such base units may be exposed withor without such a body.

More specifically, the counter unit consists of various parts such as atleast one body, at least one optional support, and at least one insert.The body of the counter unit qualitatively corresponds to the base unitof the wave source in that such a body is the sole component of thecounter unit which emits the counter waves when the electric currentflows therein, when the electric voltage is applied thereacross, and thelike. Therefore, such a body may preferably be made of and/or include atleast one electric conductor when the electric current is to flowtherein, may be made of and/or include any electrically conductive,semiconductive or insulative material when the electric voltage is to beapplied thereacross, and the like. The support serves to mechanicallysupport the above body and/or retain such a body therein for mechanicalprotection and/or electrical isolation. The insert is typically used toaugment amplitudes of the counter waves, particularly when the counterunit includes at least one coil of conductive wire into which such aninsert is disposed. The insert may be made of and/or include variousmagnetic materials such as, e.g., ferromagnetic materials, paramagneticmaterials, diamagnetic materials, and ferrimagnetic materials, where theferromagnetic materials are the preferred ones. It is appreciated thatthe counter unit is generally arranged to maintain its configurationwhile emitting such counter waves, where this fixed configuration may beembodied by defining the body of the counter unit of rigid materials, byfixedly coupling the body of the counter unit to the support, and so on.In the alternative, the counter unit may be arranged to change its shapewhile emitting such counter waves, where this variable configuration maybe embodied by defining the body of the counter unit of elastic ordeformable materials, by movably coupling the body of the counter unitto the support, and the like. It is appreciated that the counter unitemitting such counter waves is to be opposed by at least one of the baseunits irradiating the harmful waves of an opposite magnetic polarity.Therefore, the counter unit tends to move while emitting the counterwaves, where a special provision may also have to be implemented when itis desirable to fix the counter unit during its wave-emitting operation.

The counter may be provided in various configurations which typicallyrefer to shapes, sizes, arrangements, and the like. In general, theconfiguration of the counter unit depends upon the above counteringmodes (such as, e.g., the source or wave matching) and/or counteringmechanisms (such as, e.g., the front, rear or lateral arrangement, localor global matching, and the like), which generally depend on theconfigurational characteristics of at least one of such base units, wavecharacteristics of the harmful waves, and the like. In addition, theconfiguration of the counter unit depends upon the shapes, sizes,orientation, and/or dispositions of the target space which are to beformed on one side of and/or around the counter unit.

The shape of the counter unit may also be arranged to be identical (orsimilar) to the shape of at least one of the base units, where thecounter unit is to be constructed to emit the counter waves which matchthe harmful waves automatically. The shape of the counter unit may bearranged to be different from the shape of at least one of the baseunits as well, where such a counter unit may be provided in othershapes, may be wound around at least one of the base units, may enclosetherein at least a portion of at least one of such base units, may beenclosed by at least a portion of at least one of the base units, andthe like. The counter unit may define a shape of a wire, a strip, asheet, a tube, a coil thereof, a spiral thereof, and/or a mesh thereof,may form a combination of two or more of such shapes without definingany holes or openings therethrough, may define an array of two of moreof such shapes while defining multiple holes and/or openingstherethrough, and the like, where examples of the combinations and/orarrays may include, but not be limited to, a bundle including multipleidentical or different shapes bundling each other, a braid of multipleidentical or different shapes braided along each other, and the like.The counter unit may also be made of a mixture which includes at leasttwo materials and which are also provided in any of the above shapes,combinations, and/or arrays. It is appreciated that the coil (includinga solenoid or a toroid), the spiral, the mesh, and the arrays thereofmay be particularly useful in the wave matching as will be describedbelow. It is also appreciated that all of multiple counter units maydefine the same shape or that at least two but not all of such counterunits may define the same shape. In the alternative, each counter unitmay define a different shape.

The counter unit may further be shaped to conform to at least one of thebase units so that the counter waves emitted from the counter unitbetter match the harmful waves, where the counter unit may conform tothe at least one of the base units while approximating such or providingfurther details thereto. Alternatively, the counter unit may be shapedto not conform to at least one of the base units while manipulating suchcounter waves to match the harmful waves. This arrangement may be usedwhen a single counter unit counters multiple base units or when multiplecounter units counter a single base unit. It is appreciated in thisarrangement that the counter unit(s) may receive desirable electricalenergy (e.g., current and/or voltage) to emit such counter waves capableof matching and countering the harmful waves in the target space. It isalso appreciated that all of the counter units may conform to a singlebase unit, to at least two but not all of multiple base units, or toeach (or all) of multiple base units, that at least two but not all ofthe counter units may conform to a single base unit, to at least two butnot all of multiple base units, or to each (or all) of multiple baseunits, and so on. In the alternative, all of the counter units may notconform to any of the base units.

When at least one counter unit is shaped similar (or identical) to atleast one base unit, such a counter unit is preferably arranged toapproximate a single base unit, at least two but not all of multiplebase units or all of the base units. When the base unit forms athree-dimensional (or 3-D) shape, the counter unit may be provided as athree-dimensional analog of a similar and/or simpler shape, atwo-dimensional (or 2-D) analog or an one-dimensional (or 1-D) analog.When the base unit defines a 2-D shape, the counter unit may be formedas a 2-D analog of a similar or simpler shape or an 1-D analog. When thebase unit forms an 1-D shape, the counter unit may be provided asanother 1-D analog of a similar or simpler shape. When a single counterunit is to counter multiple base units, the counter unit may approximateonly one major base unit as one of the analogs, may approximate at leasttwo of the base units into one of such analogs, and the like. Whenmultiple counter units are to counter a single base unit, each counterunit may approximate only a portion of the base unit or may redundantlyform the analog of such a base unit. When multiple counter units are tocounter multiple counter units, such counter units may also approximatethe base units into the analogs of the same dimension or differentdimensions. It is appreciated that those analogs conform to the baseunits and, accordingly, that such analogs may define rather straight orcurved shapes depending upon the shapes of the base units. It is alsoappreciated that such analogs preferably maintain similarity with atleast one of the base units, where the similarity is maintained in termsof lengths of the counter and/or base units, widths thereof, heightsthereof, thicknesses thereof, diameters or radii thereof, radii ofcurvature thereof, numbers of revolutions or turns thereof, ratios ofsuch lengths, ratios of such widths, ratios of such thicknesses orheights, ratios of such diameters or radii, ratios of such numbers, andthe like. When a single base unit is countered by a single counter unit,such configurational parameters are defined in each of the base andcounter units. When a single counter unit counters multiple base units,such configurational parameters are defined in the counter unit, in anarray of all of such base units, in an array of at least two but not allof such base units, and the like. When multiple counter units counter asingle base unit, such configurational parameters are defined in thebase unit, in an array of all of the counter units, in an array of atleast two but not all of the counter units, and the like. When multiplecounter units are to counter the same or different number of base units,such configurational parameters are also defined individually or inarrays as described above.

When a single counter unit or multiple counter units are shaped similar(or identical) to a single base unit or multiple base units, the counterunits may be arranged to provide details to at least one of the baseunits, not in the sense of adding structures not present in the baseunits but in the context of streamlining or smoothening the wavefrontsof the counter waves to better match the wavefronts of such counterwaves with those of the harmful waves. For example, a single or multiplesmall counter units may be disposed around (or inside) one or multiplemajor counter units for streamlining outer (or inner) edges of thewavefronts of a sum of the counter waves emitted by the major counterunits. In another example, a single or multiple small counter units maybe disposed closer to (or farther away from) one or multiple majorcounter units to manipulate radii of curvature of the wavefronts of asum of the counter waves emitted by the major counter units. These smallor minor counter units may be disposed in various relations to one ormore major counter units for other purposes as well, as far asincorporation of the minor counter units may improve such matchingbetween the counter and harmful waves in the target space. Therefore,when the system includes multiple counter units, at least one (or all,at least two but not all) of the counter units may be arranged toapproximate at least one (or all, at least two but not all) of such baseunits, at least one (or all, at least two but not all) of the counterunits may also be arranged to provide details to at least one (or all,at least two but not all) of the base units, and the like.

The counter unit may be arranged to form various cross-sections along alongitudinal (or long) axis thereof, its short axis which may beperpendicular or otherwise transverse to the long axis, and the like. Inone example, the counter unit is arranged to define an uniformcross-section along at least one of such axes so that the counter wavesemitted thereby also define the wavefronts defining the same shapesalong one of such axes. In another example, the counter unit may beprovided to vary its cross-section along at least one of such axes sothat the counter waves emitted therefrom define the wavefronts varyingtheir shapes along at least one of such axes. When the system hasmultiple counter units, all of such units may define the same shape orat least two of such counter units may define different shapes.

The counter unit may be arranged to define various sizes while emittingthe counter waves of proper amplitudes capable of effectively counteringthe harmful waves. For example, the counter unit disposed in the frontarrangement may define a size smaller than that of at least one of thebase units due to its closer disposition to the target space. Incontrary, another counter unit disposed in the rear arrangement mayinstead have a size larger than that of at least one of the base unitsdue to a greater distance to the target space. However, the size of thecounter unit may be decided by other factors such as, e.g., the shape ofthe counter unit, amplitudes of electric energy (i.e., current and/orvoltage) supplied thereto, and the like. Accordingly, the counter unitin the front arrangement may define a size larger than that of at leastone of such base units while emitting a less amount of the counter wavesper its unit area, while the counter unit in the rear arrangement mayhave a size smaller than that of at least one of the base units whileemitting a greater amount of the counter waves per its unit area, andthe like. That is, the size of the counter unit may be deemed as asecondary parameter which may be decided by other factors such as, e.g.,the shape of the counter unit, amplitudes of the electric energysupplied thereto, distances to at least one of the base units and/ortarget space, arrangement of such counter unit(s), orientation thereof,and the like.

The counter unit may also be arranged to have various sizes along itslongitudinal and/or short axes. In one example, the counter unit isarranged to form an uniform size along the long and/or axes such thatthe counter waves emitted thereby form the wavefronts of the same shapesalong the long and/or short axes when the same amount of the energy issupplied thereto. In another example, such a counter unit may beprovided to vary its size along the long and/or short axes such that thecounter waves emitted thereby form the wavefronts varying their shapesalong one of such axes. In addition, the counter unit may maintain thesame size along the long and/or short axes while varying its shapetherealong. When the system includes multiple counter units, suchcounter units may define the same size or at least two of such units maydefine different sizes.

Multiple counter units may be incorporated in various arrangements,where such counter units are arranged to emit the counter waves capableof automatically matching the harmful waves due to such an arrangement.In one example, the counter units may be in an arrangement conforming tothe shape of a single base unit or conforming to an arrangement ofmultiple base units so that the counter waves match the harmful waves inthe target space. In another example, the counter units may be in anarrangement which may not conform to the shape of the single base unitor to the arrangement of multiple base units. These arrangements may beembodied when multiple counter units are to counter a single base unitor when multiple counter units counter a different number of multiplebase units. It is to be understood in these arrangements that thecounter units may receive the electrical energy (e.g., current and/orvoltage) to emit the counter waves which are capable of matching andcountering the harmful waves in the target space. The counter units maybe in an arrangement symmetric to at least one of the base units and/ortarget space so that the counter waves emitted therefrom may match thesymmetric harmful waves. Conversely, the counter units may be disposedin an arrangement which is asymmetric to at least one of the base unitsand/or target space such that the asymmetric counter waves emittedtherefrom may match and counter the asymmetric harmful waves in thetarget space. The single counter unit or multiple counter units may bein an arrangement enclosing therein at least a portion of one ormultiple base units. Conversely, the single counter unit or multiplecounter units may be in an arrangement in which at least a portion ofthe counter unit may be enclosed by one or multiple base units. It isappreciated that these arrangements generally connote a pattern ofmultiple counter units but that these arrangements may mean anorientation and/or alignment of a single counter unit.

The counter may also be provided in various dispositions which generallyrefer to orientations, alignments, distances, mobilities, and the like.The disposition of the counter unit generally depends on the counteringmodes (such as the source or wave matching), countering mechanisms (suchas the front, rear or lateral arrangement, local or global countering,and so on), configurations of the counter unit, and the like, each ofwhich generally depend on the configurational characteristics of atleast one of the base units, wave characteristics of the harmful waves,and so on. In addition, the dispositions of the counter unit also dependupon the shapes, sizes, orientation, and/or dispositions of the targetspace defined on one side of and/or around the counter unit. Althoughnot always correct, it is to be understood as heuristic rules that atleast one counter unit is disposed closer to at least one base unit inthe local countering mechanism and that at least one counter unit isdisposed farther away from at least one base unit in the globalcountering mechanism.

The counter unit may be incorporated in various orientations fororienting such counter waves to the harmful waves. In one example, thecounter unit may be disposed in an orientation defined with respect to apropagation direction of such harmful waves, e.g., by orienting its longand/or short axes normal to the direction of the propagation. In anotherexample, the counter unit may be disposed in an orientation defined withrespect to a direction of the electric energy (i.e., current and/orvoltage), e.g., by orienting its long and/or short axes parallel to,normal to or in a preset angle relative to the direction of the electricenergy. In another example, the counter unit may be disposed in anorientation defined with respect to the long and/or short axes of atleast one of the base units. It is appreciated that such orientations ofthe counter unit may also depend upon other configurations of at leastone of the base units, particularly when such a base unit irradiates theharmful waves along a direction different from at least one of its axes,different from a winding direction of its coil or other parts, and thelike. When the system includes multiple counter units, all of suchcounter units may also be disposed in the same orientation, each counterunit may be disposed in a different orientation, at least two but notall of the counter units may be disposed in the same orientation, andthe like.

The counter unit may be incorporated in various alignments for aligningsuch counter waves to the harmful waves. In one example, the counterunit may be aligned in one or more of the above axes and/or directions,may be wound in the same direction as at least one of such base units,and the like. In another example, such a counter unit may be misalignedwith at least one of the above axes and/or directions, may be wound in adirection different from that of at least one of the base units, and soon. When the system includes multiple counter units, all of such counterunits may be aligned in the same direction and/or axis, each counterunit may be aligned in a different direction and/or axis, at least twobut not all of the counter units may be aligned in the same directionand/or axis, and the like. When the system includes multiple counterunits, all of the counter units may be disposed in the same alignment,each counter unit may be disposed in a different alignment, at least twobut not all of the counter units may be aligned in the same alignment,and the like.

The counter unit may also be disposed in a lateral, axial or aconcentric alignment. In the lateral alignment, one or multiple counterunits may be disposed laterally and also side by side with respect to atleast one of the base units or, in the alternative, may be disposedbetween at least two of the base units and along the long and/or shortaxes of at least one of the base units. In the axial alignment, one ormultiple counter units may instead be disposed along a direction of suchlong and/or short axes and in a preset distance from at least one ofsuch base units. In the concentric alignment, one or multiple counterunits may be disposed inside a single base unit, may be surrounded byall (or at least two but not all) of multiple base units, may enclosethe single or multiple base units, and the like.

A single counter unit or multiple counter units may also be disposed invarious distances from at least one of the base units and/or targetspace. In one example, such a counter unit may be fixedly incorporatedin such an EMC display system in a preset distance from at least one ofthe base units in order to emit such counter waves of the wavefrontsmatching those of such harmful waves. When desirable, the counter unitmay be arranged to receive variable electrical energy (i.e., currentand/or voltage) so that the amplitudes of such counter waves may varyfor countering the harmful waves of varying amplitudes, to definedifferent target spaces, and the like. In another example, the counterunit may be movably coupled to the EMC display system and to translateand/or to rotate between at least two positions for emitting the counterwaves and then propagating their wavefronts toward different portions ofthe wavefronts of the harmful waves with or without varying theamplitudes or directions of the counter waves. Accordingly, the counterwaves may vary characteristics of their wavefronts based on the positionof the counter unit with respect to at least one of such base unitsand/or target space. In another example, the EMC system may includemultiple counter units and control the wave emitting operation of eachof the counter units. By properly recruiting some or all of the counterunits with or without manipulating the amplitudes and/or directions ofthe counter waves, the system may counter the harmful waves whiledefining the target space in various locations with respect to at leastone of the base units. When the system includes multiple counter units,all of such counter units may be fixedly incorporated thereinto, all ofsuch counter units may be movably incorporated therein, or at least twobut not all of such counter units may be movable incorporated therein.

The disposition of the counter unit may be assessed in terms of thedistances measured along the longitudinal axis of at least one of thebase units, along the short axis thereof, around at least one of theaxes, and so on. The counter unit may be disposed closer to the targetspace than at least one of the base units as in the front arrangement,farther away from the target space than at least one of the base unitsas in the rear arrangement or flush with the target space as in thelateral arrangement. When the system includes multiple counter units,all of the counter units may be disposed in the same arrangement or atleast two of such units may be disposed in different arrangements. Inaddition, all of the counter units may be disposed in an equal distancefrom the base units or, alternatively, at least two of such counterunits may be disposed in different distances therefrom. It isappreciated that the counter unit is preferably disposed on the sameside of at least one of the base units with respect to the target space.Even when the counter unit is disposed on an opposite side of at leastone of such base units with respect to the target space, the counterunit may still be able to counter such harmful waves, although such adisposition may not be the preferred embodiment.

The counter unit may be incorporated into various parts of the systemand disposed in various exposures as well. When the system includes thebody, the counter unit may be disposed on or over an exterior surface ofthe body, on or below an interior surface of the body, inside the body,and/or embedded into the body. The counter unit may instead be disposedon or over an exterior surface of the wave source, on or below aninterior surface of such a wave source, embedded between such surfacesof the wave source, inside the wave source, and so on. The counter unitmay be disposed on or over an exterior surface of at least one of suchbase units, on or below an interior surface of at least one of the baseunits, embedded between such surfaces of at least one of the base unit,inside at least one of the base units, and the like. In addition, thecounter unit may be disposed and enclosed by at least a portion of atleast one of the base units. Similarly, at least a portion or an entireportion of the counter unit may also be exposed through the system,through its body, through its wave source, through at least one of thebase units, and the like. Moreover, the counter unit may fixedly ormovably couple with one or more existing parts of the system, wavesource, and/or base unit or, alternatively, may couple therewith by acoupler. Similarly, the counter unit may be spaced away from the system,its wave source, and/or at least one of its base units or may form anunitary article therewith.

The counter unit may be made of and/or include various materials inorder to emit the counter waves having proper amplitudes in response tothe electric energy supplied thereto and matching the harmful waves. Inone example, the counter and base units may be made of and/or includethe same materials so that such units may emit the same amount of thecounter and harmful waves per an unit amount of such electric energy. Inanother example, the counter and base units may include at least onecommon material and at least one different material so that such unitsmay emit the similar but not identical amount of the counter and harmfulwaves per the unit amount of the electric energy. In yet anotherexample, the counter and base units may be made of and/or includedifferent materials so that the counter and base units emit differentamounts of waves per the unit amount of the electric energy. In general,various characteristics of the counter and base units determined bytheir compositions may be electric resistance or conductivity, magneticpermittivity, resonance frequency, and the like. Thus, the counter unitmay be arranged to define the same, similar or different conductivity,permittivity, and resonance frequency based on its composition. Anentire portion of the counter unit may be arranged to have an identicalcomposition or, alternatively, various portions of the counter unit maybe arranged to have different compositions which may vary along the longor short axis thereof. When the system includes multiple counter units,all of such counter units may have the same composition, at least twobut not all of the counter units may have the same composition, or allof such counter units may have different compositions, thereby alsomaintaining or varying the above properties therealong.

As described hereinabove, precisely matching the phase angles (eitheropposite or similar) of such counter and harmful waves is a prerequisitefor countering the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of the baseunits with the counter waves emitted by the counter unit. This phasematching may be attained by supplying proper electric energy (i.e.,electric current or voltage) to the base and counter units and alsooptionally electrically coupling the counter and base units with eachother. For illustration purposes, the electric energy supplied to suchbase units is to be referred to as a “source energy” hereinafter, andthe electric current and voltage of the “source energy” are to bereferred to as “source current” and “source voltage” hereinafter,respectively. In one example, identical source current or voltage may besupplied to the base and counter units either sequentially orsimultaneously so that the phase angles of such harmful and counterwaves are properly synchronized. In another example, the counter unit issupplied with only a portion of the source current or voltagesequentially or simultaneously, where the phase angles of such harmfuland counter waves are still synchronized as well. In another example,the base units are first supplied with the source current or voltage,while the system thereafter modifies the amplitudes and/or directions ofsuch source current or voltage and then supplies the modified current orvoltage to the counter unit. As long as the phase angles of such sourceenergy is maintained during modification, such counter and harmful wavesare properly phase synchronized. In another example, the base units arefirst supplied with the source energy, and the system provides an analogof such source energy and supplies the analog energy to the counter unitwith or without modifying the amplitudes and/or directions thereof,where such a system may employ various electronic components, circuits,and/or controllers to provide such an analog. As long as the phaseangles of the electric energy is kept in the analog energy, such counterand harmful waves are phase synchronized as well. In another example,the counter unit is electrically coupled to such base units in a seriesmode, in a parallel mode or in a hybrid mode, where the counter unit issupplied with such source energy, modified source energy or analogenergy as described hereinabove and where the counter unit may besupplied with such energy sequentially or simultaneously with the baseunits. When the system has multiple counter units, all of such counterunits may be supplied with the same energy, at least two but not all ofsuch units may be supplied with the same energy, each unit may besupplied with different energy, and the like. When the system includesmultiple base units which are supplied with different source energies,the single counter unit may be supplied with only one of such energies,with a combination of at least two of such energies, and the like. Whenthe system includes multiple counter units, such counter units maycouple with the single or multiple base units in the same mode ordifferent modes, the counter units may instead be supplied with the sameenergy or different energies sequentially or simultaneously, and thelike. It is appreciated in all of the above examples that the phasematching also depends upon other configurations and/or dispositions ofthe counter unit so that a direction of winding of the counter unit,orientation of the counter unit, and/or alignment thereof may have to beconsidered to accomplish the proper phase matching.

Further details of the source and wave matching are to be providedhereinafter. As described above, it is appreciated in such sourcematching that there does not exist any one-to-one correlations betweenthe configuration of the counter unit and the configuration (or wavecharacteristics) of such counter waves. That is, the counter wavesdefining a certain configuration (or wave characteristics) may beobtained by a single counter unit which defines a certain shape and sizeand is provided in a certain arrangement, by another counter unit whichdefines a similar shape and size but is provided in another arrangement,by another counter unit which has a different shape and size but isprovided in a similar arrangement, by at least two counter unitsdefining preset shapes and sizes and provided in a preset arrangement,by the same number of counter units defining different shapes and/orsizes or in a different arrangement, by a different number of counterunits defining similar shapes and/or sizes or in a similar arrangement,and the like. It is appreciated in such wave matching that there doesnot exist any one-to-one correlation between the disposition of thecounter unit and the wavefronts of the counter waves emitted by thecounter unit. In other words, the wavefronts with certain shapes may beobtained by a single counter unit which defines a certain configurationand is disposed in a certain position with respect to at least one ofsuch base units and/or target space, by another single counter unitwhich defines another configuration and is disposed in another position,by at least two counter units which define preset configurations and aredisposed in preset positions, by the same number of counter units havingdifferent configurations and disposed in different positions, by adifferent number of counter units defining different configurations anddisposed in different positions, and so on. There are, however, a fewheuristic rules which may apply not only to such source matching butalso to the wave matching. The first rule is that the counter unitincorporated in the front arrangement preferably has a characteristicdimension which is greater than that of at least one of the base units,when other things being equal, to increase the radii of curvature of thewavefronts of the counter waves and to attain better matching betweenthe counter and harmful waves. The second rule is the reverse of thefirst rule and dictates that the counter unit which is disposed in therear arrangement preferably has a characteristic dimension less thanthat of at least one of the base units so as to decrease the radii ofcurvature of the wavefronts of the counter waves and to attain bettermatching between the counter and harmful waves. In order to match theamplitudes of such counter and harmful waves, however, the longer orwider counter unit in the front arrangement is arranged to emit thecounter waves of the amplitudes less than those of the harmful waves.Similarly, the shorter or narrower counter unit in the rear arrangementis arranged to emit such counter waves of the amplitudes greater thanthose of the harmful waves. The third rule says that disposing multiplecounter units emitting the counter waves of the same or similar phaseangles tends to flatten the wavefronts of a sum of the counter waves andto increase the radii of curvature of the wavefronts of the counterwaves. The fourth rule is then the reverse of the third rule and saysthat disposing a less number of counter units tends to sharpen thewavefronts of the sum of the counter waves and to further decrease theradii of curvature of the wavefronts of the counter waves. The fifthrule says that the wavefronts of the sum of the counter waves may besharpened and the radii of curvature of such wavefronts may be decreasedwhen at least one but not all of multiple counter units may emit thecounter waves of the phase angles opposite to those of other counterunits. It is appreciated that these rules do not generally apply to thecounter units emitting the counter waves with the wavefronts definingthe shapes different from the shape of the counter unit, and that thoserules do not generally apply to the counter units with the non-uniformemitting power either which will be described in greater detail below.

A main purpose of the source matching is to manipulate the configurationof the counter unit to match that of at least one of the base units suchthat the counter waves emitted from the counter unit better match theharmful waves irradiated from the base unit. When a systempreferentially depends upon the source matching to counter the harmfulwaves, its counter unit may preferably be disposed in a preset orreasonable distance from at least one of the base units, for anyadvantages which may be obtainable by the similarly configured counterunit may be lost otherwise. It is appreciated that the source matchingis most useful when at least one of the base units defines a simpleand/or symmetric configuration or when it is reasonably feasible toprovide a replica of at least one of the complex base units. When thesystem has a single wave source with multiple base units or multiplewaves sources each including at least one base unit, a single counterunit may be arranged to accomplish the source matching with respect tomultiple base units or, alternatively, multiple counter units may bearranged to accomplish the source matching with respect to multiple baseunits. The source matching may include a shape matching, size matching,arrangement matching, disposition matching, intensity matching, andother configurational matching.

Some details of the shape matching have been disclosed heretofore. Forexample, the counter unit may be provided as a 3-D or bulk analog whichcorresponds to a replica or an approximation of a single or multiple 3-Dbase units, may be provided as a 2-D or planar analog which is anapproximation of a single or multiple 3-D or 2-D base units or which isa replica of a single or multiple 2-D base units, may be formed as an1-D or linear analog which is an approximation of a single or multiple3-D, 2-D or 1-D base units or which is a replica of a single or multiple1-D base units, and so on. Similarly, multiple counter units may beconstructed as 3-D analogs which are the replica or approximation of asingle or multiple 3-D base units, may be fabricated as the 2-D analogswhich are the approximation of a single or multiple 3-D or 2-D baseunits or which are the replica of a single or multiple 2-D base units,may be fabricated as the 1-D analogs which are the approximation of asingle or multiple 3-D, 2-D or 1-D base units or which are the replicaof one or multiple 1-D base units, and the like. Such analogs may definecontinuous shapes or may have shapes defining multiple holes oropenings, may form solid shapes or deformable shapes, may definesymmetric or asymmetric shapes, and the like. The shapes of any of suchanalogs may be determined based upon the above countering mechanisms or,conversely, such shapes may dictate other configurations of suchanalogs, may decide proper countering mechanisms adopted thereby, andthe like.

The size matching may be embodied by defining the counter unit to belarger than, similar to or smaller than at least one of the base unitswhether or not the counter unit may maintain such similarity between theconfigurations of the counter and base units. Whether or not the counterunit may emit the counter waves defining the wavefronts with the shapessimilar to the counter unit itself, the size of the counter unitdetermines an extent of dispersion and/or flattening of such counterwaves, edge characteristics of such wavefronts, and the like. Asdescribed above, the size of the counter unit is also determined byvarious countering mechanisms adopted thereby, disposition thereof,amplitudes of the electrical energy supplied thereto, and the like.Conversely, the size of such a counter unit may dictate the selection ofother configurations thereof, proper countering mechanisms, and thelike.

The disposition matching may be embodied by manipulating the orientationof the counter unit, alignment thereof, distance to at least one of thebase units and/or target space therefrom, its mobility, and the like. Asdescribed herein, the counter unit may be oriented in the presetrelations with respect to such axes and/or various directions, may bedisposed in the front, rear or lateral arrangement, may be aligned ormisaligned with such directions and/or axes, may be aligned ormisaligned with at least one of the base units axially, radially,angularly, concentrically, laterally, and the like. The disposition ofthe counter unit may also be dictated by various countering mechanismsadopted thereby, shapes and sizes thereof, amplitudes of the electricalenergy supplied thereto, and the like. Conversely, the disposition ofthe counter unit may dictate other configurations of the counter unit,proper countering mechanisms employed thereby, and the like.

The intensity matching may be embodied by manipulating the amplitudes ofthe counter waves emitted by the counter unit. For example, the counterwaves may define the amplitudes greater than, similar to or less thanthose of the harmful waves when measured in a certain distance from atleast one of the base units, when measured across the target space or ina preset position inside the target space, and the like. The amplitudesof the counter waves are further dictated by various counteringmechanisms employed thereby, shapes and/or sizes thereof, dispositionthereof, amplitudes of such electrical energy supplied thereto, and thelike. Conversely, the amplitudes of the counter waves may determineother configurations of the counter unit, proper countering mechanisms,and the like.

A main purpose of the wave matching is to dispose the counter unit alongat least one of such wavefronts of the harmful waves and to emit thecounter waves defining the wavefronts capable of matching and counteringthose of the harmful waves. When a system preferentially depends on thewave matching to counter such harmful waves, its counter unit may bedisposed anywhere around at least one of the base units in any distanceas long as the counter wavefronts may match the harmful wavefronts. Itis appreciated that the wave matching is most powerful when at least oneof the base units defines a rather complex or asymmetric configurationor when it is impossible to form a replica or approximation of such acomplex base unit. When the system has a single wave source withmultiple base units or includes multiple wave sources each including atleast one base unit, a single counter unit may be arranged to attain thewave matching with multiple base units or multiple counter units mayinstead be arranged to perform the wave matching with multiple baseunits. The only disadvantage or complication as to the wave matching isthat detailed shapes and distribution of the wavefronts of the harmfulwaves have to be assessed a priori quantitatively or at leastqualitatively.

In one type of the wave matching, the counter waves are emitted by atleast one counter unit defining an uniform emitting capacity in whichamplitudes per an unit configuration of the counter unit such as itslength, width, radius or diameter, area, and/or weight is maintaineduniform. Accordingly, the counter unit emits the counter waves definingthe wavefronts shaped similarly to the counter unit itself and, whendisposed along the wavefronts of the harmful waves, counters suchharmful waves in the target space. In another type of the wave matching,the counter waves are also emitted by the counter unit with anon-uniform emitting capacity in which amplitudes per the unitconfiguration of the counter unit vary thereacross. In this arrangement,the counter unit emits the counter waves defining the wavefronts whichare not similar to the shape of the counter unit. Therefore, the counterunit of this non-uniform capacity are disposed not along a singlewavefront of the harmful waves but across at least two of suchwavefronts in order to emit the counter waves capable of matching theharmful waves in the target space.

It is appreciated that the counter units with the uniform emittingcapacity may also be disposed along at least two wavefronts of theharmful waves as exemplified in FIG. 2K. When multiple counter units aredisposed in different wavefronts of the harmful waves, such units mayalso be arranged to emit the counter waves of different amplitudes inorder to compensate discrepancies in the distances to at least one ofthe base unit therefrom. This compensation may be attained by variousmeans, e.g., by adjusting the shapes and sizes of the counter units, byadjusting the amount of the electric energy supplied thereto, bycontrolling the orientations and/or alignments of the counter units, andthe like. As far as a sum of the counter waves defines the wavefrontswhich match those of the harmful waves in the target space, such counterunits may be disposed along adjacent or space-apart wavefronts of suchharmful waves in various configurations and/or dispositions.

Similar to their counterparts in the case of the source matching, thecounter unit for the wave matching may similarly have a shape of a wire,a strip, a sheet, a tube, a coil thereof, a spiral thereof, and/or amesh thereof, may define a combination of two or more of such shapeswithout forming any holes and/or openings therethrough, may form anarray of two of more of such shapes while defining multiple holes and/oropenings therethrough, and the like, where examples of the combinationsand/or arrays may also include, but not be limited to, a bundle ofmultiple identical or different shapes bundling each other, a braid ofmultiple identical or different shapes braided along each other, and thelike. The counter unit may then be disposed along the single or multiplewavefronts of the harmful waves.

Such EMC display systems of the present invention may generally bedesigned for countering the harmful waves in a carrier frequency rangeor an extremely low frequency range from about 50 Hz to about 60 Hz oranother frequency range of less than about 300 Hz. Therefore, in thepreferred embodiment of this invention, various counter units of the EMCdisplay systems are also arranged to emit the counter waves in suchcarrier frequency range or extremely low frequency range of from about50 Hz to about 60 Hz or the frequency range of less than about 300 Hz,thereby countering the harmful waves in those frequency ranges.Considering various medical findings and/or presumptions that a mainculprit of the harmful waves are those in these frequency ranges, thesecounter units are believed to effectively eliminate those harmfulfrequency components of the harmful waves irradiated by the base unitsof the EMC systems.

Various counter units of the EMC display systems of the presentinvention may be arranged to emit the counter waves in an ultra lowfrequency range of less than about 2 kHz or about 3 kHz, in a very lowfrequency range of less than about 30 kHz, and in a low frequency rangeof less than about 300 kHz to counter the harmful waves in the similarfrequency ranges. The counter units may also be arranged emit thecounter waves in other frequency ranges such as the radio waves offrequencies ranging from about 5×10² Hz to about 10⁸ Hz, microwaves offrequencies ranging from about 10⁸ Hz to about 10¹² Hz, and the like, inorder to counter the harmful waves of similar frequency ranges. Whendesirable, such counter units may be arranged to emit the counter wavesdefining higher frequencies such as, e.g., ultraviolet rays offrequencies ranging from about 7.5×10¹⁴ Hz to about 10¹⁷ Hz, X-rays offrequencies ranging from about 7×10¹⁶ Hz to about 10¹⁹ Hz, gamma rays ina frequency range over and beyond 5×10¹⁸ Hz, and the like, forcountering the harmful waves of similar frequency ranges.

Such counter units may further be arranged to selectively counterspecific components of the harmful waves or, alternatively, tospecifically preserve specific components of such harmful waves whilecountering (i.e., canceling and/or suppressing) the rest of the harmfulwaves. For example and particularly when the harmful waves includehigher frequency components, the counter units may be specificallyarranged to preserve beneficial waves such as, e.g., infrared raysincluding far infrared rays in a frequency range from about 300 gHz toabout 10 tHz, medium infrared rays in a frequency range from about 10tHz to about 100 tHz, near infrared rays in a frequency range from about100 tHz to about 700 tHz, and the like, while countering the rest of theharmful waves including those of the carrier frequency range andextremely low frequency ranges. Conversely, the counter units may bearranged to emit the infrared rays including such far-, medium-, and/ornear-infrared rays as well.

In another aspect of the present invention, various counter units mayalso be implemented into various prior art display devices and convertsuch to the EMC display systems in which such harmful waves irradiatedby their base units may be countered by the counter waves.

In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the present invention, thecounter units may be implemented into any base units shaped aselectrically conductive wires, strips, sheets, tubes, coils, spirals,and/or meshes or, in the alternative, to any electrically semiconductiveand/or insulative wires, strips, sheets, tubes, coils, spirals, and/ormeshes for minimizing the irradiation of the harmful waves by counteringsuch harmful waves by the counter waves, e.g., by canceling at least aportion of the harmful waves in the target space and/or suppressing theharmful waves from propagating to such a target space. Such counterunits may be made of and/or include at least one material which may thenbe electrically conductive, insulative or semiconductive. The counterunits may be implemented to any of the base units which have the shapesformed by one or multiple wires, strips, sheets, tubes, coils, spirals,and/or meshes, by modifying the shapes of one or multiple wires, strips,sheets, tubes, coils, spirals, and/or meshes, where a few examples ofthe modified shapes may be a solenoid and a toroid each formed bymodifying the shape of the coil. In general, the counter units of thisembodiment may be disposed in any of the foregoing arrangements and maycounter the harmful waves by any of the foregoing mechanisms.Accordingly, a similarly or identically shaped and/or sized counter unitmay be disposed lateral or side by side to one or more base units, maybe axially, radially or angularly aligned with one or more base units,may enclose therein one or more base units, may be enclosed by one ormore base units, may wind around one or more base units, may be wound byone or more base units, and the like, based on the source matching. Inthe alternative, a similarly or differently shaped and/or sized counterunit may be disposed along one or more wavefronts of the harmful wavesirradiated by one or more base units for the wave matching. In addition,such counter units may be employed in a proper number and/or arrangementto counter the harmful waves according to the local countering or globalcountering.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the present invention,the counter units may also be implemented into any conventional electricand/or electronic elements such as, e.g., resistors, inductors,capacitors, diodes, transistors, amplifiers, fuses, triacs, and othersignal processors and/or regulators in order to counter the harmfulwaves irradiated by the elements, where the electric and/or electronicelements function to manipulate at least one input signal suppliedthereto and to produce at least one output signal at least partiallydifferent from the input signal. All of the above electric and/orelectronic elements may qualify as the base units within the scope ofthe present invention when the unsteady current flows therein or whenthe unsteady voltage is applied thereacross. In addition, the aboveelements may also qualify as the base units within the scope of thisinvention when any of the elements produces the unsteady output signal(i.e., the electric current or voltage) in response to the input signalwhich may be steady or unsteady. Therefore, any of the above prior artelements and/or display devices including such elements may be convertedto the EMC elements and/or EMC display systems by incorporating variouscounter units which define any of the above configurations in any of theabove dispositions and/or arrangements, thereby countering such harmfulwaves in any of the above mechanisms. It is appreciated that suchcounter units may be provided in any dimension such that the EMCelements may be provided in a range of microns or nanometers.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, variouscounter units may be incorporated into or around various electrodesand/or pixels of such display units of the EMC display system forcountering the harmful waves irradiated by various base units thereof,where examples of such display units may include, but not be limited to,the OLED units, IOLED units, PDP units, LCD units, CRT units, DLP units,SED units, and the like. Therefore, any conventional display unitsincluding such EMC display units therein may then be converted into theEMC display systems such as, e.g., the EMC OLED systems, EMC IOLEDsystems, EMC PDP systems, EMC LCD systems, EMC CRT systems, EMC DLPsystems, EMC SED systems, and the like. In addition, other conventionaldisplay units which emit and/or transmit the visible light rays throughtheir pixels may similarly be converted to the EMC display systems byincorporating therein one or more of such counter units. FIGS. 3A to 3Oshow schematic perspective views of various counter units each of whichapproximates a single or multiple base units of the display units andprovided in various configurations in the source or wave matchingaccording to the present invention. It is appreciated in all of thesefigures that only the electrodes and pixels are selected as the primarybase units of such EMC display system. It is appreciated, therefore,that other conductive, semiconductive, and/or insulative parts of anyEMC display systems irradiating the harmful waves are omitted from allof the figures and that, when necessary, such parts may also be properlycountered by resorting to any of such counter units as described above.It is also appreciated for the simplicity of illustration that eachfigure depicts only a portion of the EMC display system by including apair of pixels of the above display units and that neighboring regionsof the EMC system not shown in each figure may include the base unitsand counter units similar or identical to those shown in such a figure.It is further appreciated that various EMC display systems are arrangedin such an orientation that the pixels emit and/or transmit the visiblelight rays upwardly, as manifest by arrows and that the EMC displaysystems may then include the pixels of the OLED, IOLED, PDP, LCD, DLP,and SEP display systems which have been exemplified in FIGS. 1A to 1F orwhich have not been included in FIGS. 1A to 1F but described inconjunction therewith. It is to be reminded that various counter unitsand their counters described in the following figures are to beinterpreted to extend laterally, either from left to right (or fromright to left) of the sheet or vertically into (or out of) the sheet. Inthis context, a counter unit depicted as a strip in the figure may infact correspond to a strip elongated in either of the above directions.

In the first set of examples of FIGS. 3A to 3I, various counter unitsmay be provided separately from the base units of various display unitsand counter the harmful waves irradiated from such base units in thelocal countering mechanism. It is appreciated that these counter unitsmay be incorporated into any of the above display units which arearranged to receive the electrical energy in a direction which may beidentical to or opposite from a direction of the visible light rayswhich is denoted by an arrow in each figure.

In one example of FIG. 3A, an EMC display system 5 includes a pair ofpixels 9X defined over a substrate (not included in the figure), atleast one first electrode 9F which includes multiple first pathslaterally extending parallel to each other (e.g., from left to right ofthe sheet) and electrically coupled to bottom portions of such pixels9X, and at least one second electrode which includes multiple secondelectrode 9S laterally extending parallel to each other (e.g., into orout from the sheet) and electrically coupled to top portions of thepixels 9X. These pixels 9X are also spaced apart from each other by agap 9A which may be left empty or filled up by suitable insulatingmaterials. On top of such pixels 9X are deposited a counter unit whichconsists of at least one first counter 40F and at least one secondcounter 40S, where the first counter 40S is shaped and sized similar oridentical to the first electrode 9F, while the second counter 40S isshaped and sized similar or identical to the second electrode 9S. Toprevent direct electric contact between the first and second counters40F, 40S, insulation layers are incorporated therebetween, which arerepresented by thin blank layers in the figure.

In operation, the driver (not included in this figure) selects to chargethe left pixel 9X by flowing the electrical energy in the firstelectrode 9F and the left conductive path of the second electrode 9S.Depending upon the configuration, the electric current flows downwardly(or upwardly), and the light emitting element of the left pixel 9X ischarged and then emits the visible light rays through the secondelectrode 9S. At the same time, such first and second electrodes 9F, 9Sirradiate the harmful waves which propagate along the same direction asthe visible light rays to an user. To counter the harmful waves, acounter electrical energy is supplied to the first counter 40F and tothe left second counter 40S so that the counter waves emitted by thefirst counter 40F counter the harmful waves irradiated by the firstelectrode 9F and that the counter waves emitted from the second counter40 counter the harmful waves irradiated by the second electrode 9S. Moreparticularly, the counter energy may flow in the counters 40F, 40S indirections which are opposite to those along the electrodes 9F, 9S sothat the counter waves define the phase angles at least partiallyopposite to those of the harmful waves. In addition, such counters 40F,40S receive the counter electrical energy of which amplitudes may bemanipulated to render the counter waves define the amplitudes at leastpartially similar to those of the harmful waves. Accordingly, thecounter unit 40 may counter the harmful waves by canceling such harmfulwaves in a target space defined around the user due to the amplitudesand/or phase angles of the counter waves, by suppressing the harmfulwaves from propagating toward the target space due to the amplitudesand/or phase angles of such counter waves, and the like. In thiscontext, each of the counters unit 40 is deemed to define the shape(and/or size) analog of each of the base units of the electrodes 9F, 9Sand to operate in the local countering mechanism. It is appreciated thatsuch pixels 9X themselves may serve as the base units by irradiating theharmful waves while emitting the visible light rays. As describedhereinabove, however, these harmful waves preferentially propagate inlateral directions and, accordingly, may not harm the user. When thepixels 9X irradiate the harmful waves propagating along with the visiblelight rays along the same direction and the amplitudes of the harmfulwaves are not negligible, these upwardly propagating harmful waves maybe countered with other mechanisms. In one example, the first and secondcounter 40F, 40S may be arranged to form an electric contacttherebetween and induce a flow of electric current therethrough, therebyemitting the counter waves propagating along the same direction as theupwardly propagating harmful waves while countering such harmful waves.In another example, the first counter 40F may be arranged to form anelectric contact therebetween and induce the flow of electric currenttherethrough, thereby emitting the similar counter waves. It isappreciated in these examples that amplitudes of such electric contactsmay be manipulated only to match a strength of such harmful wavesupwardly propagating across the pixel. Therefore, the insulation layersmay include semiconductive materials or may form one or more regions ofconductive materials through which the electric current may flow.

In a related example of FIG. 3B, an EMC display system 5 includes a pairof pixels 9X defined over the substrate, at least one first electrode9F, and at least one second electrode, each of which is similar oridentical to that of FIG. 3A. Contrary to that of FIG. 3A, a counterunit is disposed below the pixels 9X so that the second counters 40S areinterposed from the first electrode 9F by an insulation layer and thatfirst counters 40F are also interposed from the second counters 40S byanother layer of insulative materials. By manipulating configurations ofsuch counters 40F, 40S and the direction of the counter electricalenergy supplied thereto, the counter unit may emit the counter wavescapable of countering the harmful waves in the target space formedaround the user. In another related example of FIG. 3C, an EMC displaysystem 5 similarly includes a pair of pixels 9X formed over thesubstrate, at least one first electrode 9F, and at least one secondelectrode, each of which is similar or identical to those of FIGS. 3Aand 3B. Contrary to those of FIGS. 3A and 3B, a counter unit is disposedover and below the pixels 9X. For example, the first counter 40F isinterposed from the first electrode 9F by the bottom insulation layer,while the second counter 40S is interposed from the second electrode 9Sby the top insulation layer. By manipulating configurations of suchcounters 40F, 40S and the direction of the counter electrical energysupplied thereto, the counter unit may emit the counter waves capable ofcountering the harmful waves in the target space formed adjacent to theuser. Further configurational and/or operational characteristics of thecounter units of FIGS. 3B and 3C may be similar or identical to those ofthe counter unit of FIG. 3A.

It is appreciated in FIGS. 3A to 3C that the first and second countersof the counter unit may be arranged to define various configurations.For example, at least one of the counters may be arranged to define alength, a width, and/or a height which may be similar to, identical toor different from those of the base unit countered thereby. The firstand second counters may also have the same, similar or differentconfigurations with respect to each other. As described hereinabove,such first and second counters may be directly mechanically and/orelectrically contact each other or, in the alternative, may bemechanically and/or electrically separated from each other. In addition,at least one of the first and second counters may be directlymechanically and/or electrically contact each other or, alternatively,may be mechanically and/or electrically separated from each other aswell. When desirable, the first and second counters may be disposed in areverse order as well. In another example, at least one of such countersmay be arranged to have a chemical composition which may be also similarto, identical to or different from that of the base unit counteredthereby. The first and second counters may have the same, similar ordifferent chemical compositions with respect to each other. As brieflydescribed hereinabove and as will be described below, the counter unitand various counters may receive the counter electrical energy invarious modes as well. In one example, the counter electrical energy maybe similar or identical to the source electrical energy supplied to thebase unit. In another example, the counter energy may be only a portionof the source energy. In another example, the counter energy may beprovided independently of the source energy but have the same, similaror different directions and/or amplitudes. When the counter unitincludes multiple counters therein, each of the counters may receive theidentical, similar or different counter energy with the same, similar ordifferent amplitudes and/or directions.

In another example of FIG. 3D, an EMC display system 5 includes a pairof pixels 9X defined on the substrate, at least one first electrode 9Fwhich forms multiple first paths, and at least one second electrode 9Swhich also has multiple second paths, each of which is similar oridentical to that of FIG. 3A. On top of the gap 9A defined between thepixels 9X are deposited a counter unit having at least one first counter40F and at least one second counter 40S, where the first counter 40F isseparated from the pixels 9X (or gap 9A) by an insulation layer andwhere the second counter 40S is separated from the first counter 40F byanother insulation layer. It is to be understood that such first andsecond counters 40F, 40S of this embodiment are substantially smaller ornarrower than the pixels 9X as well as the electrodes 9F, 9S.Conversely, such counters 40F, 40S may be deemed to be wider than suchpixels 9X and electrodes 9F, 9S when the pixels 9X have to define widergaps 9A.

In operation, the driver selects to charge the left pixel 9X by flowingthe electrical energy in the first electrode 9F and the left conductivepath of the second electrode 9S. Depending on their detailedconfiguration, the electric current flows downwardly (or upwardly),while the light emitting element of the left pixel 9X is electricallycharged and emits the visible light rays through the second electrode9S. At the same time, the first and second electrodes 9F, 9S irradiatethe harmful waves which propagate along the same direction as thevisible light rays to an user. To counter the harmful waves, a counterelectrical energy is supplied to the counters 40F, 40S along appropriatedirections so that the counter waves emitted by the first counter 40Fcounter the harmful waves irradiated by the first electrode 9F (orsecond electrode 9S) and that the counter waves emitted from the secondcounter 40 counter the harmful waves irradiated from the secondelectrode 9S (or first electrode 9F). In addition, the counter energymay flow in the counters 40F, 40S in those directions which are oppositeto those along such electrodes 9F, 9S so that the counter waves have thephase angles at least partially opposite to those of the harmful waves.Such counters 40F, 40S may receive the counter energy of whichamplitudes are manipulated to render the counter waves define theamplitudes at least partially similar to those of the harmful waves.Therefore, the counter unit 40 may counter the harmful waves bycanceling such harmful waves in a target space defined around the userdue to the amplitudes and/or phase angles of the counter waves, bysuppressing the harmful waves from propagating toward the target spacedue to the amplitudes and/or phase angles of such counter waves, and thelike. In this context, each of the counters unit 40 is deemed to definethe shape (and/or size) analog of each of the base units of theelectrodes 9F, 9S and to operate in the local countering mechanism. Asthe pixels 9X irradiate the harmful waves propagating with the visiblelight rays in the same direction and the amplitudes of the harmful wavesare not negligible, these upwardly propagating harmful waves may becountered with various mechanisms of defining electrical contactsbetween the counters 40F, 40S or between one of the counters 40F, 40Sand the second electrode 9S as described in conjunction with FIG. 3A.Other configurational and/or operational characteristics of the counterunit of FIG. 3D may be similar or identical to those of the counterunits of FIGS. 3A to 3C.

In a related example of FIG. 3E, an EMC display system 5 includes a pairof pixels 9X defined on the substrate, at least one first electrode 9F,and at least one second electrode 9S, each of which is similar oridentical to that of FIG. 3D. Contrary to that of FIG. 3D, the counterunit is disposed below the pixels 9X such that the second counter 40S isisolated from the first electrode 9F by an insulating layer, while thefirst counter 40F is spaced away from the second counter 40S by anotherinsulating layer. By manipulating configurations of the counters 40F,40S and direction of the counter electrical energy supplied thereto, thecounter unit emits such counter waves which are capable of counteringthe harmful waves in the target space formed around the user. In anotherrelated example of FIG. 3F, an EMC display system 5 includes a pair ofpixels 9X, at least one first electrode 9F, and at least one secondelectrode 9S, each of which is also similar or identical to that of FIG.3D. A counter unit similar to those of FIGS. 3D and 3E is disposed alongthe gap 9A defined between the pixels 9X such that the first and secondcounters 40F, 40S are disposed one over the other, separated by aninsulation layer, and sandwiched between the adjoining pixels 9X. It isappreciated that these counters 40F, 40S may be electrically insulatedfrom outer walls of the pixels 9X when desirable. In another relatedexample not included in the figure, a counter unit similar to those ofFIGS. 3D to 3F may also be disposed similar to that of FIG. 3C so thatthe first counter 40F is disposed at the bottom of the interpixel gap9A, while the second counter 40S is disposed on top of the gap 9A.Further configurational and/or operational characteristics of thecounter units of FIGS. 3E and 3F are similar or identical to those ofthe counter units of FIGS. 3A to 3D.

In another example of FIG. 3G, an EMC display system 5 includes a pairof pixels 9X defined on the similar substrate, at least one firstelectrode 9F which includes at least one first path, and at least onesecond electrode 9S which also includes at least one second path. It isappreciated that the first and/or second electrode 9F, 9S may defineplanar configurations and cover an entire top (or bottom) surface ofsuch pixels 9X as exemplified in FIGS. 1B to 1E. The EMC system 5 alsoincludes a counter unit which is generally similar to that of FIG. 3B,except that its first and/or second counters 40F, 40S may similarly bearranged to define the planar configurations and to cover the entirefirst and second electrodes 9F, 9S. Therefore, such a counter unit maybe suitable for countering the harmful waves irradiated by theelectrodes 9F, 9S which encompass relatively larger areas of the realestate of the screen of the display unit which incorporates theelectrode electrically coupling with multiple rows or columns of the. Ina related example of FIG. 3H, another EMC display system 5 also includesa pair of pixels 9X, at least one first electrode 9F, and at least oneelectrode 9S, each of which is also similar or identical to that of FIG.3G. The EMC system 5 also includes a counter unit which is typicallysimilar to that of FIG. 3C, except that the first and second counters40F, 40S may also be arranged to define the planar configurations and tocover the entire first and second electrodes 9F, 9S, similar to that ofFIG. 3H. In another related example of FIG. 3I, another EMC displaysystem 5 includes a pair of pixels 9X, at least one first electrode 9F,and at least one electrode 9S, each of which is similar or identical tothat of FIG. 3G. The EMC system 5 includes a counter unit which issimilar to that of FIGS. 3D and 3E, except that the first and secondcounters 40F, 40S are disposed on opposite ends of the gap 9A. It isappreciated that such counter units of FIGS. 3G to 3I may be used tocounter the harmful waves irradiated by the wider electrodes whichencompass multiple rows and/or columns of pixels 9X and, therefore, bestsuited to counter such harmful waves which are irradiated from thesubcontrollers or thin film transistors which drive the pixels 9X of thesets of pixels 9X. When desirable, the counters 40F, 40S may be providedwith conductive paths therealong and/or thereacross in order to simulateor approximate circuitry inside the subcontrollers.

In the second set of examples shown in FIGS. 3J to 3L, various counterunits may be provided separately from the base units of various displayunits and counter the harmful waves irradiated from such base units inthe local countering mechanism. In contrary to those of FIGS. 3A to 3I,the counter units are arranged to electrically couple with opposingsides of the pixels. Accordingly, these counter units may beincorporated into any of such display units which are arranged toreceive the electrical energy in a direction which may be transverse toa direction of the visible light rays which is denoted by an arrow ineach figure.

In one example of FIG. 3J, such an EMC display system 5 has a pair ofpixels each including multiple functional layers one of which functionsas a light emitting and/or transmitting layer, another of which servesas the cathode, and yet another of which functions as the anode. The EMCsystem 5 also includes at least one first electrode 9F coupling with oneof the layers of the pixel 9X on its side and at least one secondelectrode 9S also coupling with the same or different layer of the pixel9X on its opposite side, thereby supplying the source electrical energyto the system 5 at least substantially laterally. Similar to those ofFIGS. 3A to 3I, a counter unit is fabricated to define a shape (and/orsize) analog of the electrodes 9F, 9S and disposed on top of the pixelsor, in the alternative, over the top of both of the pixels 9X at apreset distance. Other than these, further configurational and/oroperational characteristics of the counter unit of FIG. 3J are similaror identical to those shown in FIGS. 43A to 3I. In a related example ofFIG. 3K, an EMC display system 5 includes a pair of pixels 9X, at leastone first electrode 9F, and at least one second electrode 9S, each ofwhich is similar or identical to that of FIG. 3J. Such an EMC system 5also includes the counter unit which is also similar to that of FIG. 3Jbut is rather disposed under or below bottoms of each of such pixels 9X.In another related example of FIG. 3L, an EMC display system 5 includesa pair of pixels 9X, at least one first electrode 9F, and at least onesecond electrode 9S, each similar or identical to that of FIG. 3J. TheEMC system 5 also includes the counter unit which includes multiple rowsof conductive paths and multiple columns of conductive paths which arespaced away from each other without mechanically and electricallycoupling to each other. In FIGS. 3J to 3L, the driver supplies thecounter electrical energy of desirable amplitudes along the directionswhich simulate those along or across the pixels 9X, thereby emitting thecounter waves by the counter unit 40 and countering the harmful wavestherewith as disclosed hereinabove. Other configurational and/oroperational characteristics of the counter units of FIGS. 3J to 3L maybe similar or identical to those of the counter units of FIGS. 3A to 3I.

It is appreciated that the pixels 9X may irradiate the harmful wavespropagating upwardly and defining non-negligible amplitudes. Suchharmful waves may be irradiated by the light emitting and/ortransmitting element and/or by internal conductive paths which maydefine vertical components along a height of the pixels 9X. The counterunits may then be arranged to emit the counter waves so as to counterthe vertically propagating harmful waves. In one example, the counterunit may be arranged to define a slanted configuration, moreparticularly, along a portion defined above or below the pixels 9X inorder to emit the vertically propagating counter waves. In anotherexample, at least a portion of the counter unit may also electricallycouple with the top and/or bottom portions of such pixels 9X and definevertical conductive paths therealong, thereby emitting the verticallypropagating counter waves and countering the harmful waves therewith.

In the third set of examples of FIGS. 3M to 3O, various counter unitsare provided separately from the base units of various display units andcounter the harmful waves irradiated from such base units in the localcountering mechanism. It is appreciated that these counter units may beincorporated into any of the above display units receiving theelectrical energy in a form of electron or photon rays and convertingthe energy of such rays into the visible light rays by phosphormaterials.

In one example of FIG. 3M, an EMC display system 5 includes therein asubstrate 9B which is coated with at least one phosphor material 9P, atleast one electron beam generator (not shown in the figure), and atleast one steering unit. The beam generator is arranged to emit a ray ofelectrons and impinge the electrons onto the phosphors 9P of thesubstrate 9B disposed in a desirable location. In response to theimpinging electrons, the phosphors 9P absorb the energy of the electronsand then emit the visible light rays to the user through the transparentsubstrate 9B. The steering unit includes multiple sets ofelectromagnets, and manipulates such electromagnets to steer theelectron rays along a desirable direction. The EMC system 5 includes atleast one counter unit 40 which defines a planar configuration andincludes a top conductive layer and a bottom conductive layer. Inaddition, such top and bottom layers of the counter unit 40 are arrangedto electrically couple with each other by multiple vertical conductivepaths defined therebetween. The counter unit 40 is also arranged toreceive the counter electrical energy along the top (or bottom) layer,delivers such energy vertically downwardly (or upwardly) through thevertical paths, and then returns the energy along the bottom (or top)layer. It is appreciated that the top and bottom layers of the counterunit are arranged to flow the energy in opposite directions so that thecounter waves emitted by the layers cancel each other. Accordingly, thecounter unit emits the counter waves which preferentially propagatealong lateral directions. This embodiment is useful when the harmfulwaves irradiated by the base units preferentially propagate in thelateral directions. Alternatively, the top and bottom layers may bearranged to receive the counter energy along the same direction, whilethe vertical paths define relatively short heights such that the counterwaves emitted by this counter unit preferentially propagate alongvertical directions. Such an embodiment is useful when the harmful wavesirradiated by the base units preferentially propagate in the verticaldirections as well. The direction of the counter electrical energy isalso manipulated such that the counter waves may define the phase anglesat least partially opposite to those of the harmful waves and counterthe harmful waves. In a related example of FIG. 3N, another EMC displaysystem 5 also includes the substrate 9B coated with the phosphors 9P,beam generator, and one steering unit each of which is similar oridentical to that of FIG. 3M. The EMC system 5 further includes thecounter unit 40 which is similar to that of FIG. 3M but embedded insidethe substrate 9B. Other configurational and/or operationalcharacteristics of the counter unit of FIG. 3N may be similar oridentical to those of the counter unit of FIG. 3M. In another relatedexample of FIG. 3O, the EMC display system 5 includes the substrate 9Bcoated with the phosphors 9P, beam generator, and one steering unit eachof which is similar or identical to that of FIG. 3M. The EMC system 5also includes the counter unit 40 similar to that of FIG. 3M butembedded inside the substrate 9B and electrically coupling with at leasta portion of the phosphors 9P. Such a counter unit 40 offers the benefitof collecting the stray electrons from the phosphors 9P and flowing theelectrons therealong in a direction of emitting the counter waves whichcounter the harmful waves. Further configurational and/or operationalcharacteristics of the counter unit of FIG. 3O may be similar oridentical to those of the counter units of FIGS. 3M and 3N. It is alsoto be understood that the counter units 40 of FIGS. 3M to 3O may be usedto counter the harmful waves irradiated by the electromagnets of thesteering units and/or other parts of the system 5 and that such counterunits are suited for the prior art CRT display units in order to convertsuch units into the EMC CRT display system.

In another exemplary embodiment of this aspect of the invention, variouscounter units may be incorporated into or around various electrodesand/or pixels of such display units of the EMC display system forcountering the harmful waves irradiated by various base units thereof,where examples of such display units are identical to those of theprevious embodiment. FIGS. 4A to 4F show schematic top views of variouscounter units each of which approximates multiple base units of thedisplay units and provided in various configurations in the sourceand/or wave matching according to the present invention. It isappreciated in all of such figures that only the electrodes and pixelsare selected as the primary base units of such an EMC display system. Itis appreciated, therefore, that other conductive, semiconductive, and/orinsulative parts of any EMC display systems irradiating the harmfulwaves are omitted from all of the figures and that, when necessary, suchparts may also be properly countered by resorting to any of such counterunits as described above. It is also appreciated for the simplicity ofillustration that each figure depicts only a portion of the EMC systemand that neighboring regions of the EMC system not shown in each of thefigures may include the base units and counter units similar oridentical to those of the same figure. It is further appreciated thatvarious EMC display systems are arranged in such an orientation that thepixels emit and/or transmit such visible light rays downwardly (orupwardly) and that the EMC display systems may include the pixels of theOLED, IOLED, PDP, LCD, DLP, and SEP display systems which have beenexemplified in FIGS. 1A to 1F or which have not been included in FIGS.1A to 1F but described in conjunction therewith. It is to be remindedthat the counter units and their counters described in these figures areto be interpreted to extend laterally, either from left to right (orfrom right to left) of the sheet or vertically into (or out of) thesheet.

In one example of FIG. 4A, an EMC display system 5 includes thereinmultiple pixels 9X, multiple vertical first conductive paths 9G, andmultiple horizontal conductive paths 9T, each of which may be similar oridentical to those of FIG. 1A. The EMC system 5 also includes multiplecounter units 40 each of which is disposed over or below a group ofpixels 9X and corresponding portions of such first and second paths 9G,9T. Each counter unit 40 may form a simple conductive sheet whichapproximates or simulates a pattern of an overall (or net) current flowacross multiple paths 9G, 9T and/or pixels 9X enclosed therein. In thealternative, at least one counter unit 40 may define therein multipleconductive paths which approximates or simulates patterns of the paths9G, 9T and/or pixels 9X, where such a counter unit 40 may be deemed asan aggregate of multiple counters. In a related example of FIG. 4B, anEMC display system 5 includes therein multiple sets 9E of pixels 9X, asingle planar first electrode 9F, and multiple horizontal conductivepaths 9T, each of which are similar or identical to those of FIG. 1E.The EMC system 5 includes multiple counter units 40 each of which isdisposed over or below a single or multiple sets 9E of pixels andcorresponding portions of such first electrode 9F and second paths 9T.It is appreciated that the counter units 40 may define different shapesand/or sizes in order to counter different number of pixel sets 9E.Similar to that of FIG. 4A, each counter unit 40 may form a simpleconductive sheet which may approximate or simulate a pattern of anoverall (or net) current flow across the first electrode 9F and/ormultiple second paths 9T and/or pixels 9X enclosed therein.Alternatively, at least one counter unit 40 may define multipleconductive Paths which approximates or simulates patterns of the firstelectrode 9F and/or second paths 9T and/or pixel set 9E, where such acounter unit 40 may also be deemed as an aggregate of multiple counters.In another related example of FIG. 4C, an EMC display system 5 includesmultiple pixels 9X, multiple vertical first conductive paths 9G, andmultiple horizontal conductive paths 9T, each of which may be similar oridentical to those of FIG. 1F. The EMC system 5 also includes multiplecounter units 40 each of which is disposed over or below a group ofpixels 9X and corresponding portions of such first and second paths 9G,9T. Each counter unit 40 may form a simple conductive sheet whichapproximates or simulates a pattern of an overall (or net) current flowin multiple paths 9G, 9T and/or pixels 9X enclosed thereby or may definetherein multiple conductive paths which approximates or simulatespatterns of the paths 9G, 9T and/or pixels 9X. In each of FIGS. 4A to4C, each counter unit 40 is arranged to counter multiple base units inthe global countering mechanism. Except this, other configurationaland/or operational characteristics of the counter units of FIGS. 4A to4C may be similar or identical to those of the counter units of FIGS. 3Ato 3O.

In another example of FIG. 4D, another EMC display system 5 includesmultiple sets 9E of pixels arranged in multiple rows and columns, theplanar first electrode 9F, and the second electrode which consists ofmultiple second conductive paths 9T, each similar to those of FIG. 1D.The EMC system 5 also includes a single counter unit 40 which is shapedas a mesh consisting of multiple horizontal and vertical conductivepaths mechanically and/or electrically coupling with each other. Thecounter unit 40 is disposed over (and/or below) the system 5 andreceives the counter electrical energy in preset directions in order toemit the counter waves of the amplitudes at least partially similar tothose of the harmful waves irradiated by the base units to be counteredthereby and of the phase angles at least partially opposite to those ofsuch harmful waves. Accordingly, the counter unit 40 may counter theharmful waves in the target space defined around the user. In a relatedexample of FIG. 4E, an EMC display system 5 includes multiple sets 9E ofpixels, planar first electrode 9F, and second electrode with multiplesecond conductive paths 9T, each similar to those of FIG. 1D. The EMCdisplay system 5 also includes a counter unit 40 which is similar tothat of FIG. 4D but disposed transverse to a long (or short) axis of thepixel sets 9E and electrodes 9F, 9T. In another related example of FIG.4F, an EMC display system 5 includes multiple sets 9E of pixels, planarfirst electrode 9F, and second electrode with multiple second conductivepaths 9T, each similar to those of FIG. 1D. The EMC display system 5also includes multiple counter units 40 each of which is similar to thatof FIG. 4D but disposed over (or under) a smaller number of the pixelsets 9E. In addition, such counter units 40 are disposed to definemultiple rows and columns. Various counter units exemplified in FIGS. 4Dto 4F may define different configurations and/or may be provided indifferent arrangements. For example, the conductive paths of suchcounter units 40 may be disposed in an uniform spacing or in differentspacings such that the horizontal paths may be spaced farther apart from(or closer to) each other than the horizontal paths. At least two of thesame or different paths may have the same or different configurationsand/or may define the same or different compositions. Such counter units40 countering in the global countering mechanism may have otherconfigurations which have been disclosed in the co-pending Applications.Such conductive paths of the counter unit 40 may be mechanically and/orelectrically coupled to each other or may be spaced apart from eachother. When desirable, only some but not all of such paths may bemechanically and/or electrically coupled to each other. The counterunits 40 may be disposed on only one side of the system 5 or,alternatively, identical or different counter units 40 may instead bedisposed on opposing sides of the system 5. However, the counter units40 may well be disposed on one side of the system 5, for the targetspace is generally defined on such a single side thereof. It isappreciated that an efficiency in countering the harmful waves isheavily dependent on the patterns of the energy supply to the counterunits 40. Therefore, the counter electrical energy may be applied fromone end of the counter unit 40 to another end thereof, from one cornerof the counter unit 40 to another corner thereof, from a center (oranother interior location) of the counter unit 40 to an edge(s) thereof,and the like. As long as the counter units 40 may emit the counter wavescapable of properly countering the harmful waves, the counter energy maybe supplied thereto in various modes. Other configurational and/oroperational characteristics of the counter units of FIGS. 4D to 4F aresimilar or identical to those of the counter units of FIGS. 3A to 3O andFIGS. 4A to 4C.

In FIGS. 4A to 4F, the EMC display system may include a single unitwhich may counter all or at least a substantial number of base units inthe global countering mechanism or, in the alternative, may instead havemultiple counter units each countering the same or different number ofthe base units in the same countering mechanism. In the latter case, atleast one of the counter units may be arranged to counter multiple baseunits of the same type, i.e., only countering the electrodes or onlycountering the pixels or, in the alternative, may counter multiple baseunits of the different types, e.g., countering some electrodes andpixels at the same time. At least one of counter unit may enclose entireportions of a preset number of base units therein or expose at least aportion of such base units. When such an EMC display system includesmultiple counter units operating in the global countering mechanism, atleast two of such counter units may define identical, similar ordifferent configurations, compositions, and the like. The counter unitsmay be disposed on only one side of the system. In the alternative, thesame or different number of counter units may be disposed on both sidesof the system. At least two counter units may be disposed symmetrically(or asymmetrically) with respect to each other or, in the alternative,with respect to the base units. At least two counter units maymechanically or electrically couple with each other or with at least oneof the electrodes or their paths. Each counter unit may be arranged toreceive the counter electrical energy as described in conjunction withFIGS. 3A to 3O.

In another aspect of the present invention, an EMC display system mayinclude light emitting or transmitting elements each of which mayoperate as the base unit irradiating the harmful waves whilesimultaneously functioning as the counter unit such that the harmfulwaves irradiated thereby function as the counter waves with respect tosuch harmful waves from other elements, where examples of such displayunits may include, but not be limited to, the OLED units, IOLED units,PDP units, LCD units, CRT units, DLP units, SED units, and the like.Therefore, any conventional display units including such EMC displayunits therein may then be converted into the EMC display systems suchas, e.g., the EMC OLED systems, EMC IOLED systems, EMC PDP systems, EMCLCD systems, EMC CRT systems, EMC DLP systems, EMC SED systems, and thelike. In addition, other conventional display units which emit and/ortransmit the visible light rays through their pixels may similarly beconverted to the EMC display systems by incorporating therein one ormore of such counter units. FIGS. 5A to 5F show schematic top views ofexemplary counter units incorporated into pixels of various EMC displaysystems while also functioning as such pixels according to the presentinvention. It is to be understood in all of such figures that only theelectrodes and pixels are selected as the primary base units of such EMCdisplay system. It is appreciated, therefore, that other conductive,semiconductive, and/or insulative parts of any EMC display systemsirradiating the harmful waves are omitted therefrom and, when necessary,such parts may be properly countered by resorting to any of such counterunits as described above. It is also appreciated for the simplicity ofillustration that each figure depicts only a portion of the EMC displaysystem by including a pair of pixels of the above display units and thatneighboring regions of the EMC system not included in each figure mayinclude the electrodes and pixels similar or identical to those includedin the figure. In one exemplary embodiment of this aspect of theinvention, an EMC display system includes multiple (sets of) pixels, atleast one first electrode, and at least one second electrode, where atleast one of the electrodes may be arranged to define a configurationcapable of countering each other. In one example of FIG. 5A, a first (orsecond) electrode consists of multiple electrically conductive pathseach of which extends horizontally and electrically couples with eachrow of pixels or with each set of pixels (both not included in thefigure). In this regard, such paths may look similar to those of FIGS.1A to 1C. However, these conductive paths are coupled to each other inan alternating mode that all odd-numbered horizontal paths are coupledto a vertical path provided on their left, whereas all even-numberedhorizontal paths are coupled to another vertical path provided on theirright. Assuming that the left vertical path flows the electric currentfrom bottom to top and that the right vertical path flows the current inan opposite direction, the electric current flows through the adjacenthorizontal paths in opposite directions. Therefore, the harmful wavesirradiated by, e.g., the second horizontal path may be countered by thecounter waves emitted by, e.g., the first or third horizontal path orvice versa. In this respect, any horizontal and/or vertical paths may benot only the base units themselves but also the counter units withrespect to other paths adjacent thereto. In a related example of FIG.5B, a first (or second) conductive path is similar to that of FIG. 5B.However, the horizontal paths thereof couple with each other in anotheralternating mode that each pair of such paths are alternatingly couplingto the left or right vertical path. Accordingly, the harmful wavesirradiated by an upper member of, e.g., the second pair of horizontalpaths are countered by the counter waves emitted from a lower member ofthe first pair of paths, while the harmful waves irradiated from a lowermember of the second pair are countered by the counter waves emitted byan upper member of the third pair of paths. It is again appreciated thatthe harmful waves irradiated by one of the paths may function as thecounter waves for the harmful waves irradiated by another path adjacentthereto and, accordingly, that any of these paths may be viewed as thebase units in themselves as well as the counter units with respect tothe other base units. In another related example of FIG. 5C, an EMCdisplay system also includes multiple counter units 40 each of which issimilar or identical to that of FIG. 5A but provided in a smaller scale.Accordingly, the horizontal paths included in each counter unit 40counter each other and, in addition, neighboring vertical paths of theadjacent counter units 40 may also counter each other. A pinnaclefeature of such embodiments of FIGS. 5A to 5C is that neighboringelectrodes are arranged to counter each other due to theirconfigurations and dispositions as long as the source (and counter)electrical energy is supplied thereto in proper directions. In thiscontext, these electrodes and their paths will now be referred to as the“self-countering electrodes,” as the “self-countering conductive paths”or as the “self-countering base units” hereinafter. In theseembodiments, such base units correspond to the counter units (and viceversa), and the source electrical energy becomes identical to thecounter electrical energy.

It is appreciated that the self-countering electrodes and paths shown inFIG. 5A are arranged to supply the source electrical energy in thedirection vertical to the sheet. Accordingly and in another exemplaryembodiment of this aspect of the invention, such self-counteringarrangements may also be applied to such electrodes and paths which arearranged to supply the source electrical energy along lateral directionsthrough opposite sides of various light emitting elements. In oneexample of FIG. 5D, an EMC display system 5 includes multiple pixels 9Xeach electrically coupling with the first path 9G on its top and thesecond path 9T on its bottom. The first and second paths 9G, 9T are alsoarranged so that the source electrical energy is supplied thereto andthen flows out thereof in opposite directions. Therefore, the secondpath 9T for a given row of such pixels 9X and the first path 9G of anadjacent row thereof irradiate the harmful waves which counter eachother. A manifest advantage of such an arrangement is that theseself-countering electrodes and paths may be fabricated in a singlelayer. In a related example of FIG. 5E, the first and second paths 9G,9T are typically similar to those of FIG. 5D, except that the paths 9G,9T are provided one over another. Other than that such paths 9G, 9T haveto be provided in a multilayer configuration, other configurationaland/or operational characteristics of the arrangement of FIG. 5E aresimilar or identical to those of the arrangement of FIG. 5D. In anotherrelated example of FIG. 5F, the first and second paths 9G, 9T may beviewed as a hybrid of those of FIGS. 5D and 5E. More particularly, thepixels 9X of a given row are provided with the source energy inalternating directions, and the first and second paths 9G, 9T arefabricated in order to support such directions. An additional advantageof this arrangement over the arrangements of FIGS. 5D and 5E is that notonly the conductive paths 9G, 9T but also such pixels 9X are arranged tocounter each other, thereby maximizing a countering efficiency. Its onlydrawback, however, may be that this embodiment needs more conductivepaths than those of FIGS. 5D and 5E. Other configurational and/oroperational characteristics of the arrangement of FIG. 5F may be similaror identical to those of the arrangements of FIGS. 5D and 5E. Whendesirable and feasible, the arrangements of FIGS. 5D to 5F may beapplied to those EMC display systems which have been disclosed in FIGS.3A to 30, FIGS. 4A to 4F, and FIGS. 5A to 5C and which have not beenincluded in those figured but described in conjunction therewith.

Configurational and/or operational variations of various EMC displaysystems and their counter units and configurational and/or operationalmodifications of such EMC systems and their counter units as exemplifiedin FIGS. 2A to 2L, FIGS. 3A to 3O, FIGS. 4A to 4F, and FIGS. 5A to 5Fand as disclosed hereinabove without any accompanying figures also fallwithin the scope of the present invention.

As described above, such counter units may be provided in various shapesand/or sizes and operate in the local or global countering mechanism.For example, a single counter unit for the entire system may be viewedas the globally countering counter unit, whereas the counter unitsprovided in the same or similar number of the base units may be viewedas the locally countering counter units. In general, the EMC displaysystem includes numerous base units which may be parts of theelectrodes, pixels, and other electric and/or electronic componentsthereof. Therefore, such counter units, unless provided as a singleunit, may be viewed to operate in both of the countering mechanisms. Inanother example, various counter units of this invention may be providedas unitary articles with various base units to be countered thereby.Considering that most of such pixels and their electrodes are currentlymanufactured through the conventional semiconductor fabrication processand that these electrodes and pixels have dimensions ranging frommicrons down to even nanometers, it is generally preferable toincorporate any of these counter units during manufacturing the abovedisplay units including such base units. However, this does not excludeany possibility of providing the counter units independent of thedisplay units and then retrofitting the counter units into and/or aroundthe prior art display units. For example, the counter units operating inthe global countering mechanisms such as, e.g., those of FIGS. 4A to 4F,may be disposed over the screen of such display units. In anotherexample, the self-countering arrangements of FIGS. 5A to 5F may beincorporated into any prior art display units such as, e.g., the OLEDunits, IDLED units, LCD units, PDP units, DLP units, SED units, and soon. Since this generally requires nothing but slightly longer conductivepaths, the self-countering arrangements may be readily incorporated intovarious manufacturing processes and provide the EMC OLED units, EMCIDLED units, EMC LCD units, EMC PDP units, EMC DLP units, EMC SED units,and the like.

It is appreciated that any of the counter units described hereinabovemay not be supplied with the electric energy and, therefore, may notactively emit the counter waves in response to the energy. Rather, thecounter units may define the above configurations and may be in theabove disposition so that the harmful waves irradiated by various baseunits may be absorbed into such counter units and converted to theelectric voltage and/or current, thereby reducing the amount of suchharmful waves propagating to the target space. Therefore, the EMC systemmay include one or multiple counter units all of which may serve as thepassive counter units (i.e., those not receiving the electric energy),may include at least one passive counter unit and at least one activecounter unit (i.e., one receiving such electric energy) or may includeone or multiple counter units all of which serve as the active counterunits. When desirable, at least one counter unit may also be arranged toserve as both of the active and passive counter units from time to time.

In another aspect of the present invention, any of the above EMC systemsmay include at least one electric shield and/or magnetic shield. In oneexample, the electric and/or magnetic shields (will be referred to asthe “ES” and “MS” hereinafter, respectively) may be implemented into,on, over or below various portions of the EMC system. In anotherexample, such ES and/or MS may also be implemented as above and alsoused in conjunction with any of the above counter units. In general, theES may be made of and/or include at least one electrically conductivematerial such that the electric waves of the harmful waves may beabsorbed thereinto and rerouted therealong. When desirable, the ES mayalso be grounded so that the absorbed and rerouted electric waves may beeliminated therefrom. The MS may be made of and/or include at least onemagnetically permeable path member which may be able to absorb themagnetic waves of the harmful waves thereinto and then to reroute suchmagnetic waves therealong. When desirable, the MS may have a magnetmember which may be magnetically coupled to the path member andterminate the absorbed and rerouted magnetic waves in at least onemagnetic pole of the magnet member. The MS may include at least oneoptional shunt member which may also be magnetically permeable andshield its magnet member, thereby confining magnetic fields from such amagnet member closer thereto. Other details of such ES and MS havealready been provided in the above co-pending applications such as,e.g., “Shunted Magnet Systems and Methods” which bears a Ser. No.11/213,703, “Magnet-Shunted Systems and Methods” which also bears a Ser.No. 11/213,686, and “Electromagnetic Shield Systems and Methods” whichbears a U.S. Ser. No. 60/723,274. It is appreciated that the details ofthese co-pending applications may be modified so that the heatingelements of such co-pending applications may be replaced by variouscounter units of the present invention and that the ES and/or MS may beincorporated to the counter units of this invention as such ES and/or MShave been incorporated into various heating elements of the aboveco-pending Applications. It is appreciated that the ES and/or MS mayalso be incorporated into various portions of the EMC systems of thisinvention as the counter units are incorporated into such portions ofthe EMC systems of this invention.

The ES and/or MS may be provided to define the configuration which isidentical to or similar to those of various counter units of thisinvention. The ES and/or MS may also be disposed in, on, over, around,and/or through the base and/or counter units. The ES and/or MS may havethe configuration at least partially conforming to that of such baseand/or counter units or, in the alternative, may define theconfiguration at least partially different from those of the ES and/orMS.

The path member of the MS may define the relative magnetic permeabilitygreater than 1,000 or 10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000. The shunt member maybe arranged to directly or indirectly contact the magnet member and todefine a relative magnetic permeability greater than 1,000, 10,000,100,000 or 1,000,000. The ES and/or MS described hereinabove ordisclosed in the co-pending applications may further be incorporatedinto any of the prior art devices with or without any of the abovecounter units and define such EMC systems of this invention. The ESand/or MS may define the configuration which may be maintained to beuniform along the longitudinal or short axis of the base and/or counterunits or which may vary therealong. Such configurations of the ES and/orMS may be identical to, similar to or different from those of the baseand/or counters. The EMC display system may have therein multiple ESand/or MS, where at least two of the MS and/or ES may shield against themagnetic waves and/or electric waves defining the same or differentfrequencies in same or different extents. The ES and/or MS may bedisposed over at least a portion (or entire portion) of the base and/orcounter units. The EMC system may also include one or more of any ofsuch counter units and ES and/or MS, where the base and/or counter unitsmay operate on AC or DC.

As described above, the EMC systems of this invention may be providedwith multiple defense mechanisms against the harmful waves which areirradiated by various base units of such a system. In one example, thecounter unit may be incorporated into various portions of such an EMCsystem as described above. Accordingly, a single or multiple counterunits may be provided in any of the above configurations andincorporated in any of the above dispositions. In another example, suchES and/or MS may be incorporated into various portions of the EMC systemand shield against the electric and/or magnetic waves of such harmfulwaves, respectively, where dispositions of the ES and/or MS have beendescribed in the above co-pending Applications. In another example, notonly the counter units but also at least one of the ES and/or MS may beimplemented into the EMC system so that the counter unit may counter atleast a portion of such harmful waves and that the ES and/or MS mayabsorb and reroute the rest thereof.

It is appreciated that any of the above counter units are provided whileusing the least amount of such electrically conductive, semiconductive,and/or insulative materials, while minimizing a volume, a size, and/or amass of such counter units. Accordingly, such counter units may befabricated with less materials at lower costs and may be easilyimplemented into various locations of the EMC display system. It isfurther appreciated that any of the counter units are provided to emitthe counter waves while using the least amount of the electrical energy,e.g., by drawing the least amount of the electric current or voltage.Therefore, such counter units are not only energy-efficient but alsoleast affecting force-generating and/or movement-generating operation ofother parts of such EMC display systems. In addition, such requirementsof this paragraph may minimize electric resistances of the counter unitsand, therefore, minimize voltage drop across the counter units.

Unless otherwise specified, various features of one embodiment of oneaspect of the present invention may apply interchangeably to otherembodiments of the same aspect of this invention and/or embodiments ofone or more of other aspects of this invention. Therefore, any of thecounter units of FIGS. 2A to 2L may be implemented to the EMC displaysystems of FIGS. 3A to 3O, FIGS. 4A to 4F, and FIGS. 5A to 5F, and othersystems which have not been exemplified in conjunction with the figuresbut have been disclosed in conjunction therewith. Moreover, any of suchcounter units which operate on the source matching may be converted tooperate based on the wave matching or vice versa, where thesource-matched counter units may be disposed along (or across) one ormore wavefronts of the harmful waves irradiated by at least one of thebase units or where the wave-matched counter units may similarly bedisposed in the preset relation to at least one of the base units or maybe disposed in the arrangement similar to that of at least one of thebase units. In addition, any of such counter units which are to countera preset number (including 1) of pixels may be provided in a greater orsmaller dimension in order to counter a greater or less number ofpixels. Moreover, any of the electric and/or magnetic shields which havebeen disclosed hereinabove and also described in the above co-pendingApplications may be incorporated into any of the above base units and/orcounter units.

The EMC display systems of this invention may be powered by the ACelectrical energy while countering the harmful EM waves with theircounter units. When desirable, the EMC display systems may also bepowered by the DC electrical energy while similarly countering suchharmful waves with the counter units. It is appreciated that the EMCsystems may use any conventional modalities capable of shielding and/orcanceling the harmful waves. Therefore, it is prefer to braid, bundle,wind, and/or otherwise pair any extra wires, strips, plates, sheets, andother parts of the EMC display systems for minimizing irradiation of theharmful waves therefrom.

Although the above figures and descriptions have been centered aroundvarious counter units and various electric and/or magnetic shields to beincorporated to various EMC display systems, such counter units may beincorporated into other light emitting display devices which includesimilar waves sources and/or base units such as, e.g., the electron beamgenerator and the matching screen coated with the phosphor materials,arrays of the liquid crystal pixels, arrays of the organic and/orinorganic light emitting diodes, arrays of the phosphor pixels filledwith ionizing gases releasing photons and/or electrons, and the like.Accordingly, such devices may be converted into the EMC display systemsby incorporating thereto one or more of the above counter units.

Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown anddescribed, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art thatchanges may be made in this embodiment without departing from theprinciples and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined inthe claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of displaying a visual image by anorganic light emitting system operating on electric current whilereducing an intensity of electromagnetic waves which are irradiated bysaid system and which are not visible light waves, said methodcomprising the steps of: arranging a plurality of pixels in a presetpattern; forming a first current path electrically connecting one end ofeach of said pixels; forming a second current path electricallyconnecting another end of each of said pixels; arranging said secondpath to run at least substantially along said first path; and flowingsaid current in at least a portion of said first path in a firstdirection but in at least another portion of said second path in asecond direction which is at least partially opposite to said firstdirection, whereby said electromagnetic waves irradiated along saidportion of second path cancel at least a portion of electromagneticwaves irradiated along said portion of said first path and whereby saidintensity of said waves irradiated by said system is reduced.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: electricallyconnecting said first path to said second path; and flowing said currentfrom one of said first and second paths to another thereof.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising the step of: forming at least oneof said first and second paths in front of the other of said first andsecond paths.
 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:forming said first and second paths on opposite sides of said pixels. 5.The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: forming saidfirst and second paths on the same side of said pixels.
 6. A method ofdisplaying a visual image by an organic light emitting system operatingon electric current while reducing an intensity of electromagnetic waveswhich are irradiated by said system and which are not visible lightwaves, said method comprising the steps of: arranging a plurality ofpixels in a preset pattern; selecting a group of said pixels which arearranged in a linear fashion and disposed adjacent to each other;forming a first current path electrically connecting one end of each ofsaid selected pixels; forming a second current path electricallyconnecting another end of each of said selected pixels; arranging atleast portions of said first and second path at least partially parallelto each other; and flowing said current in said portion of said firstpath in a first direction but in said portion of said second path in asecond direction which is at least partially opposite to said firstdirection, whereby said electromagnetic waves irradiated along saidportion of second path cancel at least a portion of electromagneticwaves irradiated along said portion of said first path and whereby saidintensity of said waves irradiated by said system is reduced.
 7. Themethod of claim 6, further comprising the step of: forming said firstand second paths on opposite sides of said selected pixels.
 8. Themethod of claim 6, further comprising the step of: forming said firstand second paths on the same side of said selected pixels.
 9. A methodof displaying a visual image by an organic light emitting systemoperating on electric current while reducing an intensity ofelectromagnetic waves which are irradiated by said system and which arenot visible light waves, said method comprising the steps of: arranginga first plurality of pixels in a first preset pattern; forming a firstcurrent path electrically connecting one end of each of said pixels ofsaid first plurality; forming a second current path electricallyconnecting another end of each of said pixels of said first plurality;arranging a second plurality of pixels in a second preset pattern;forming a third current path electrically connecting one end of each ofsaid pixels of said second plurality; forming a fourth current pathelectrically connecting another end of each of said pixels of saidsecond plurality; arranging one of said paths of said second pluralityto run at least substantially along one of said paths of said firstplurality; and flowing a second current in at least a portion of saidone of said paths of said second plurality in a second direction but inat least a portion of said one of said paths of said first plurality ina first direction which is at least partially opposite to said seconddirection, whereby said electromagnetic waves irradiated along saidportion of said one of said paths of said second plurality cancel atleast a portion of electromagnetic waves irradiated along said portionof said one of said paths first plurality and whereby said intensity ofsaid waves irradiated by said system is reduced.
 10. The method of claim9, further comprising the step of: forming said one of said paths ofsaid second plurality adjacent to said one of said paths of said firstplurality.
 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:forming said one of said paths of said second plurality and said one ofsaid paths of said second plurality on opposite sides of said pixels.12. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: electricallyconnecting said one of said paths of said second plurality to one ofsaid paths of said first plurality; and flowing said first current tosaid one of said paths of said second plurality.
 13. The method of claim9, further comprising the step of: arranging said first plurality ofsaid pixels parallel to said second plurality of said pixels.
 14. Themethod of claim 9, wherein said first plurality is at leastsubstantially identical to said second plurality.
 15. The method ofclaim 9, wherein said first preset pattern is at least substantiallyidentical to said second preset pattern.
 16. The method of claim 9,further comprising the step of: arranging a third plurality of pixels ina third preset pattern; forming a fifth current path electricallyconnecting one end of each of said pixels of said third plurality;forming a sixth current path electrically connecting another end of eachof said pixels of said third plurality; arranging one of said paths ofsaid third plurality to run at least substantially along one of saidpaths of said second plurality; and flowing a third current in at leasta portion of said one of said paths of said third plurality in a thirddirection which is at least partially opposite to said second direction.17. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of:electrically connecting said one of said paths of said third pluralityto one of said paths of said second plurality; and flowing said secondcurrent to said one of said paths of said second plurality.
 18. Themethod of claim 16, further comprising the steps of: arranging saidthird plurality of said pixels parallel to said second plurality of saidpixels.
 19. The method of claim 16, wherein said third plurality is atleast substantially identical to said second plurality.
 20. The methodof claim 16, wherein said third preset pattern is at least substantiallyidentical to said second preset pattern.